Application ontology for representing hydrogen electrochemical systems, experiments, materials, manufacturing conditions, measurements, quantities, datasets, and release metadata with conservative alignment to EMMO, ECHO, QUDT, ChEBI, PROV-O, and Dublin Core Terms.
Institute of Energy Technologies (IET), Theory and Computation of Energy Materials (IET-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, 52428 Juelich, Germany
Canonical schema module for the H2KG PEMFC catalyst-layer application ontology.
Ontology for representing proton exchange membrane fuel cell materials, components, devices, processes, measurements, and experiments.
H2KG PEMFC Catalyst Layer Application Ontology
H2KG: Ontology for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Materials, Components, and Experiments
The ontology captures hydrogen electrochemical concepts spanning PEMFC and PEMWE profiles, including parameters, properties, measurements, instruments, materials, data, and related FAIR provenance. It preserves the historic h2kg namespace while improving metadata quality, release readiness, and public documentation.
An object property relating a data point to the current-density value at which it is reported.
Core H2KG relation for atcurrentdensity.
atCurrentDensity
An object property that relates an observation, result, or condition to the current-density setting at which it applies.
An object property relating a data point to the measurement from which it was generated.
Core H2KG relation for frommeasurement.
fromMeasurement
An object property that relates data, a result, or a derived statement to the measurement from which it originates.
An object property relating a process or measurement to data used as an input.
Core H2KG relation for hasinputdata.
hasInputData
An object property that relates a process, analysis, or transformation to data used as its input.
An object property relating a process or measurement to a material entity that serves as an input.
Core H2KG relation for hasinputmaterial.
hasInputMaterial
An object property that relates a process to a material that serves as an input to that process.
An object property relating a measurement or process to data generated as an output.
Core H2KG relation for hasoutputdata.
hasOutputData
An object property that relates a process or measurement to data generated as its output.
An object property relating a process to a material entity produced as an output.
Core H2KG relation for hasoutputmaterial.
hasOutputMaterial
An object property that relates a process to a material produced by that process.
An object property relating a process or measurement to a parameter that specifies one of its inputs, settings, or operating conditions.
Core H2KG relation for hasparameter.
hasParameter
An object property that relates a process, measurement, or resource to a parameter used to characterize its conditions or settings.
An object property relating an entity or process to a constituent part.
Core H2KG relation for haspart.
hasPart
An object property that relates a composite entity to one of its constituent parts.
An object property relating a measurement to a property that is determined, reported, or otherwise associated with that measurement.
Core H2KG relation for hasproperty.
hasProperty
An object property that relates a resource to a property that it bears, reports, or is described in terms of.
An object property relating a parameter, property, or data point to the quantity value that expresses it.
Core H2KG relation for hasquantityvalue.
hasQuantityValue
An object property that relates a parameter, property, or data point to a quantity-value node that carries its numeric value and unit.
An object property relating a process to a subprocess that forms part of its overall execution.
Core H2KG relation for hassubprocess.
hasSubProcess
An object property that relates a process to a subprocess that forms part of its execution.
An object property relating an entity or process to a larger entity or process of which it forms a part.
Core H2KG relation for ispartof.
isPartOf
An object property that relates an entity to a larger entity of which it is a constituent part.
An object property relating a subprocess to the larger process of which it forms a part.
Core H2KG relation for issubprocessof.
isSubProcessOf
An object property that relates a subprocess to the larger process of which it forms a part.
An object property relating a measurement to a property that it determines.
Core H2KG relation for measures.
measures
An object property that relates a measurement to the property it determines or quantifies.
An object property relating a property or result to the basis used for its normalization.
Core H2KG relation for normalizedto.
normalizedTo
An object property that relates a quantitative result or property to the basis against which it is normalized.
An object property relating a data point to the property represented by that data point.
Core H2KG relation for ofproperty.
ofProperty
An object property that relates a result, value, or derived statement to the property that it is about.
An object property relating an electrochemical measurement setup or process to the reference electrode it uses.
Core H2KG relation for referenceelectrode.
referenceElectrode
An object property that relates an electrochemical setup or measurement to the reference electrode used in that context.
An object property relating a process or measurement to an instrument used to carry it out or support it.
Core H2KG relation for usesinstrument.
usesInstrument
An object property that relates a process or measurement to an instrument used in carrying it out.
A datatype property relating a resource to a literal identifier used to distinguish or reference it.
Core H2KG datatype relation for hasidentifier.
hasIdentifier
A datatype property that relates a resource to a literal identifier used to denote or reference it.
A class representing an agent that is responsible for carrying out a process, producing data, or contributing to the provenance of a resource in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for responsible actors and provenance-bearing entities.
Agent
A person, organization, software system, or other actor that bears responsibility for an activity, resource, or assertion in H2KG.
A class representing data produced, used, or referenced by a process or measurement in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for recorded informational outputs and data artefacts.
Data
A recorded informational entity that captures observations, derived results, metadata, or other digitally expressed content.
A class representing a single data point that links a value to the property and measurement context it belongs to in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for individual recorded observations or values.
Data Point
An individual recorded value or observation within a dataset, measurement series, or derived data collection.
A class representing an instrument used to perform, support, or control a measurement or manufacturing process in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for experimental and processing apparatus.
Instrument
A device or apparatus used to perform, control, or monitor a measurement, manufacturing step, or experimental operation.
A class representing a manufacturing process that prepares, assembles, coats, or otherwise fabricates a material or device in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for fabrication, preparation, and assembly processes.
Manufacturing
A process that prepares, fabricates, modifies, or assembles a material, component, or device.
A class representing a material entity that participates in a process, measurement, or device configuration in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for material entities and physical artefacts.
Matter
A material entity, substance, mixture, component, or physical artefact used, produced, or studied in the domain.
A class representing a measurement process that determines one or more properties of a material, device, or system in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for value-determining experimental activities.
Measurement
A process that determines, estimates, or records the value of a property under specified conditions.
A class representing metadata used to describe the provenance, identity, structure, or context of another resource in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for descriptive information about resources and activities.
Metadata
Information that describes the provenance, identity, structure, context, or management of another resource.
A class representing a parameter specified as an input, setting, or condition for a process or measurement in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for reusable condition and setting concepts.
Parameter
A condition, setting, or specified variable used to characterize how a process, measurement, or material state is defined.
A class representing a process that transforms material, produces data, or changes the state of a system in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for activities and operations in the experimental workflow.
Process
A temporally extended activity or operation that unfolds through one or more steps and may involve materials, instruments, parameters, and outputs.
A class representing a property that can be measured, computed, or otherwise assigned to a material, process, or system in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for characteristics that can be observed, measured, or reported.
Property
A characteristic, attribute, or measurable feature of an entity, material, process, or system.
A class representing a unit used to express the value of a quantity in H2KG.
Core H2KG class for measurement units used with quantity values.
Unit
A unit of measure used to express the magnitude of a quantity value in H2KG.
A parameter specifying acamplitude used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
ACAmplitude
A parameter specifying amplitude of the AC sinusoidal signal used to read impedance for strain sensing (not the small-signal EIS perturbation amplitude).
AC Input Amplitude
AFM microscope used for in-situ liquid AFM imaging (Agilent 5500).
AFM Instrument
AFM (NanoMan VS
Agilent 5500 AFM microscope
Multimode 8 AFM (Bruker)
ATR–FTIR measurement to assess ester cross-link stability over acid exposure time.
ATRFTIR Measurement
ATR–FTIR
FTIR
A property denoting wavelength of UV–Vis absorption maxima (e.g., porphyrin Soret/Q bands, peaks observed in solid-state/solution).
Absorption Peak Wavelength
absorption peak
Accelerated stress test: voltage cycling between 0.6–0.95 V for 30,000 cycles at controlled RH_AST.
Accelerated Stress Test Voltage Cycling
AST
accelerated stress testing
voltage cycling
A parameter specifying accelerating voltage used to characterize Electron Microscopy Imaging, SEM Imaging Measurement, and X Ray Computed Tomography Measurement.
Accelerating Voltage
SEM operating voltage
TEM accelerating voltage
acceleration voltage
Diluted acetic acid used as peptiser for pseudo-boehmite.
Acetic Acid Solution
acetic acid
Acetone used as component of ink solvent (50 vol.% in acetone:isopropanol mixture).
Acetone
acetone (nitrogen source mixture component)
acetone mixing solvent
acetone solvent
An material entity used for acetonitrile.
Acetonitrile
Carbon black type (acetylene black) used as carbon powder in MPL inks.
Acetylene Black Carbon Black
Acetylene Black
Shawinigan acetylene black
Acid-base titration used to determine phosphoric-acid doping level (ADL).
Acid Base Titration Measurement
acid-base titration
PAA/PVA hydrogel electrolyte after doping with aqueous sulfuric acid; used as thin-film electrolyte/binder.
Acid Doped PAAPVA Hydrogel
acid-doped PAA/PVA
Process of doping cross-linked PAA/PVA films by immersion in sulfuric acid solution to tune ionic strength.
Acid Doping
phosphoric acid doping
A property denoting phosphoric-acid doping level of PBI/PIM membrane (mol PA per mol repeat unit).
Acid Doping Level
ADL
PA-doping level
PA_dop
Acid washing/etching step to remove Fe species (6 M HCl, repeated).
Acid Etching Process
acid etching
A parameter specifying acid etching repetitions used to characterize Acid Etching Process.
Acid Etching Repetitions
etch repetitions
Steam-activated Fe-N-C after oxalic acid leaching to remove Fe3O4, followed by reheating.
Acid Leached Steam Activated Fe NC Catalyst
acid-leached steam-activated Fe-N-C
Process to generate silica nanosheets from vermiculite by acid treatment.
Acid Leaching Process
acid leaching
acid–leaching method
oxalic acid leaching
A property denoting fractional mass increase upon acid doping measured by QCM (Δm/m0); used to estimate acid uptake.
Acid Mass Uptake Ratio
mass uptake ratio
A manufacturing process for acid treatment of CCM using Catalyst Coated Membrane.
Acid Treatment Of CCM
acid-treated CCM
Dataset of QCM-measured mass uptake and derived proton concentration vs dopant concentration.
Acid Uptake Dataset
acid uptake data
Measurement of phosphoric acid uptake and acid doping level (ADL) by mass difference.
Acid Uptake Measurement
PA uptake measurement
A property denoting acid uptake weight percent and determined in Acid Uptake Measurement.
Acid Uptake Weight Percent
Acid uptake (wt%)
acid uptake
A property denoting acid value and determined in Acid Base Titration Measurement.
Acid Value
acidity
A parameter specifying jetting actuation frequency used for inkjet printing.
Acoustic Frequency
sonication frequency
ultrasonic frequency
Activated carbon used as benchmark cathode catalyst / base cathode material.
Activated Carbon
activated carbon (Norit SX Ultra)
activated carbon control
Activated sludge inoculum used in microbial fuel cell electrolyte.
Activated sludge mixed with buffer (50:50) used as MFC anolyte/catholyte medium in performance tests.
Activated Sludge
A parameter specifying volume percent of activated sludge in the MFC electrolyte mixture.
Activated Sludge Volume Percent
AS %
activated sludge % in volume
A parameter specifying activation mechanism time scale.
Activation Mechanism Time Scale
Commercial dispersant additive added to catalyst ink to improve dispersion stability; amount not specified.
Additive A
Qualitative adhesion evaluation of Cu patterns on PET via adhesive tape test.
Adhesion Tape Test Measurement
tape peel test
A property denoting adsorbed aggregate lateral size and determined in Atomic Force Microscopy Measurement.
Adsorbed Aggregate Lateral Size
aggregate size (AFM)
lateral size
lateral size of adsorbed aggregates
Hydrocarbon anion-exchange ionomer (iodide form) used as binder/ion conductor in GDE catalyst layer (supplier: Ionomr). Not found in ontology; add as specific ionomer type.
Aemion Ionomer
AemionTM
AemionTM HNN5-00-X
alkaline ionomer
An instrument corresponding to a silver/silver chloride reference electrode and used as a reference electrode in electrochemical measurements.
Ag/AgCl
Ag/AgCl reference electrode
Ag/AgCl reference electrode (Metrohm)
saturated Ag/AgCl
A property denoting potential of Ag/AgCl reference electrode expressed on the RHE scale (offset/conversion factor) measured for each electrolyte batch.
Ag Ag Cl Potential Vs RHE
Ag/AgCl potential against RHE
E_Ag/AgCl
E_Ag/AgCl = 1.015-1.026 V_RHE
A parameter specifying areal loading / surface density of deposited AgNW network (used to describe percolation threshold in coated films).
Ag NW Surface Density
mg/m²
percolation threshold surface density
surface density
A parameter specifying mass fraction of AgNW relative to polymer/ink solids used to formulate the nanocomposite.
Ag NW Weight Fraction
w/w
A parameter specifying characteristic size (diameter) of carbon black agglomerates used in packing simulations.
Agglomerate Diameter
agglomerate size
agglomerate size (nm)
mean diameter of sediment particles
A parameter specifying geometric morphology of agglomerates (spherical vs branched) varied in simulations.
Agglomerate Shape
branched agglomerates
spherical agglomerates
A dataset containing agglomerate size distribution data generated by Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement, Laser Diffraction Scattering Particle Size Measurement, and Ultra Small Angle X Ray Scattering Measurement.
Agglomerate Size Distribution Dataset
agglomerate size distribution
particle size distribution
size distribution
A property denoting surface area of ink agglomerates (mentioned as an ink-stage descriptor; no numeric values in this source).
Agglomerate Surface Area
A parameter specifying shape descriptor for aggregates extracted from nano-CT (a_R=1 for sphere).
Aggregate Aspect Ratio
a_R
Air used as cathode oxidant in polarization curves.
Air
H2/air
reconstituted air
unpressurized air
Pressed cathode pellet exposed to air on one side and electrolyte on the other (no membrane).
Air Breathing Cathode
air-breathing cathode pellet
cathode pellet
Fabrication of air-breathing cathode pellets from AC/CB/PTFE mixture plus catalyst, pressed onto stainless-steel mesh current collector.
Air Breathing Cathode Fabrication
air-breathing cathode
cathode fabrication
Pt-free sublayer (layer Z) adjacent to GDL, mainly for gas diffusion simulation in MCL
Air Diffusion Layer
gas diffusion simulation layer
layer Z
A parameter specifying through-plane thickness fraction (percent) of layer Z within total cathode MCL.
Air Diffusion Layer Thickness Fraction In MCL
proportion in MCL
A property denoting aluminum weight percent in LDH (from ICP-AES).
Al Content Wt
Al content
wt.% Al
A parameter specifying mass fraction of alcohol component in the solvent mixture (e.g., 1-propanol) used in dispersion/ink.
Alcohol Mass Fraction In Solvent Mixture
alcohol fraction
alcohol fraction in solvent
alcohol-rich solvent
A parameter specifying alcohol mole fraction in solvent mixture used to characterize Solvent Property Lookup.
Alcohol Mole Fraction In Solvent Mixture
[alcohol]/[alcohol+water] (mol ratio)
An material entity used for alkali lignin.
Alkali Lignin
Kraft lignin
lignin (alkali
Non-ionic sugar-based surfactant used to improve wetting and encapsulate ferritin in micelles.
Alkylpolyglycoside Surfactant
Aluminum oxide ceramic phase formed after sintering (gamma/delta/theta/alpha transitions).
Alumina
alpha-alumina
aluminium oxide buffer layer
aluminum oxide
Alumina milling media used in dry mill-mixing.
Alumina Milling Media
Al2O3 media
alumina media
Substrate used to capture extruded microfilaments.
Aluminum Foil
A material entity corresponding to an aluminum foil substrate and used as an input in Hot Pressing.
Aluminum Foil Substrate
aluminum foil
substrate/backing
A parameter specifying thickness of deposited aluminum film (nm) before oxidation.
Aluminum Layer Thickness
Al layer thickness
Aluminum nitrate additive added to ferritin solution to improve dispersion / prevent agglomeration.
Aluminum Nitrate Additive
aluminium nitrate
A parameter specifying molar concentration of aluminum nitrate stock/additive solution (mM).
Aluminum Nitrate Molar Concentration
Al(NO3)3 concentration
A parameter specifying volume fraction of aluminum nitrate solution added to ferritin solution (vol.%).
Aluminum Nitrate Solution Volume Fraction
Metallic aluminum substrate used for CNT forest growth (99.99% Al).
Aluminum Substrate
Al substrate
Thin aluminum metal film deposited on Si wafer prior to oxidation to alumina.
Aluminum Thin Film Layer
Al layer
aluminium metal layer
A manufacturing process for ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition synthesis using Silver Foil, Selenium Powder, and Catalyst Layer with Tube Furnace and producing Beta Ag 2 Se, Carbon Nanotube Forest, and Amorphous Carbon Deposit.
Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis
AP-CVD
ambient pressure CVD
ambient pressure-chemical vapor deposition
Amine hydrolysis step (with triethylamine) used to form MS@NiFeO nanohybrids.
Amine Hydrolysis Process
amine hydrolysis
Nitrogen-rich organic precursor (AAPyr) used to synthesize M–N–C catalysts.
Aminoantipyrine
A material entity corresponding to an aminopropyltriethoxysilane and used as an input in Silica Coating Process.
Aminopropyltriethoxysilane
A material entity corresponding to an ammonia and used as an input in Silica Coating Process.
Ammonia
Additive in ligand exchange chemistry (AA-assisted).
Ammonium Acetate
A material entity corresponding to an ammonium carbonate and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Ammonium Carbonate
A parameter specifying molar concentration of ammonium carbonate pore-former solution added to ink.
Ammonium Carbonate Solution Concentration
Phosphorus precursor used in wet co-impregnation.
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Chemical used (4 M) to remove the halloysite template after carbonization.
Ammonium Hydrogen Difluoride
A material entity corresponding to an amorphous carbon deposit and produced in Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Amorphous Carbon Deposit
amorphous carbon
unstructured carbon deposit
Balance used to weigh substrates pre/post coating (air ionizer used to reduce static).
Analytical Balance
A&D BM-20 microelectronic balance
BM-20 microelectronic balance
electronic balance
Analytical centrifuge used to capture transmittograms/stability trajectory; not present as named Instrument in ontology.
Analytical Centrifuge
dispersion stability analyzer
Accelerated sedimentation/stability characterization using analytical centrifuge (AC); not present as named Measurement in ontology.
Analytical Centrifuge Sedimentation Measurement
analytical centrifuge
A parameter specifying angular frequency used in dynamic rheology sweep (0.1–628 rad).
Angular Frequency
angular frequency (rad)
Anion-exchange ionomer powder used in AEMFC electrodes (mixed with catalyst at 4:1 catalyst:AEI weight ratio).
Anion Exchange Ionomer Powder
AEI powder
anion-exchange ionomer (AEI) powder
A material entity corresponding to an anion exchange membrane and used as an input in MEAPolarization and Methanol Permeability Measurement.
Anion Exchange Membrane
AEM
anion exchange membrane (AEM)
anion-exchange composite polymer membrane
A parameter specifying molar ratio between concentrations of anionic (A) and cationic (C) additives used to discuss flocculation extent (dimensionless).
Anion To Cation Molar Ratio
A/C
A/C ratio
molar ratio (A/C)
A parameter specifying duration of Pt(111) annealing step during surface preparation (1 h).
Annealing Duration
annealing time
A parameter specifying temperature used to anneal Pt(111) single-crystal surface during preparation (1600 °C).
Annealing Temperature
growth temperature
A parameter specifying duration of high-temperature annealing (graphitization).
Annealing Time
annealing duration
heat treatment time
oxidation time
Anode catalyst layer (paper focuses on DMFC anode)
Anode Catalyst Layer
anode catalytic layer
anode layer
catalyst layer
A parameter specifying anode catalyst loading used to characterize MEAPolarization, Spray Coating, and MEAAssembly Process.
Anode Catalyst Loading
Pt loading (anode)
anode Pd/C loading
anode Pt loading
A material entity corresponding to an anode GDE and used as an input in MEAAssembly Process and Hot Pressing.
Pt GDE
anode Pt GDE
commercial gas diffusion electrode (GDE) used as anode
Anode GDE
A parameter specifying anode MPL carbon support loading.
Anode MPL Carbon Support Loading
carbon loading in the anode MPL
A property denoting anode electrode potential measured vs Ag/AgCl during operation/polarization.
Anode Potential
MFC-CICo
MFC-CIFe
MFC-Pt
A property denoting combined anode reaction resistance ARR = Rct*R0/(Rct+R0) reported for methanol oxidation at 0.5 V.
Anode Reaction Resistance
ARR
A property denoting description=Anode resistance extracted from anode ohmic drop during pulse (Ohm).
Anode Resistance
A parameter specifying anode stoichiometric ratio (H2) = 1.5 (paper reports).
Anode Stoichiometric Ratio
anode stoichiometry
λ_an
λ_anode
An instrument corresponding to an ansys fluent fuel cell module and used in PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Ansys Fluent Fuel Cell Module
Ansys Fluent 15.0
Negative (anolyte) quinone electroactive material used in ORFB (AQS/AQSH2 couple).
Anthraquinone 2 Sulfonic Acid
Capture reported equipment specifications (e.g., positioning accuracy).
Apparatus Specification Measurement
A property denoting apparent density measured by helium pycnometry on fragments.
Apparent Density
ρ_a
A material entity corresponding to an aqueous organic flow battery and produced in MEAAssembly.
Aqueous Organic Flow Battery
quinone redox flow battery
Bulk density measurement of printed, pyrolyzed parts by Archimedes method.
Archimedes Density Measurement
Microcontroller used to receive g-code and control DIW printing.
Arduino Mega 2560
A property denoting anode resistance normalized by electrode area from EPS analysis (Ω·m^2).
Area Normalized Anode Resistance
area based resistance
A property denoting cathode resistance normalized by electrode area from EPS analysis (Ω·m^2).
Area Normalized Cathode Resistance
A property denoting overall cell resistance normalized by electrode area from EPS analysis (Ω·m^2).
Area Normalized Overall Resistance
overall area resistance
whole-cell area resistance
A property denoting areal water storage space and determined in Water Storage Space Calculation.
Areal Water Storage Space
water storage capacity
water storage space
Inert carrier gas used in Ar-5% H2 reducing atmosphere.
Argon
Non-explosive reducing gas mixture used for co-reduction experiments.
Argon 5 Percent Hydrogen
Inert atmosphere used during pyrolysis heat treatment.
Argon Gas
carrier gas
A parameter specifying assembly torque used to characterize MEAAssembly Process.
clamping torque
torque 40 lb-in
Assembly Torque
A property denoting average cell area for astrocytes on substrates, quantified from microscopy images.
Astrocyte Cell Area
mean astrocyte area
µm²
A property denoting fraction of astrocytes in mixed neural culture attached to each substrate, quantified via immunostaining.
Astrocyte Percentage
% astrocytes
percentage of astrocytes
In-situ atomic force microscopy imaging of PFSI adsorbed structures on Pt(111) in various water/n-propanol mixtures.
Atomic Force Microscopy Measurement
AFM
atomic force microscopy
Pt deposition process used to synthesize Pt/NbB2 catalyst (MeCpMe3Pt precursor).
Atomic Layer Deposition
ALD
Instrument for automated plunge freezing of TEM grids into cryogen (liquid ethane).
Automatic Plunge Freezer
A property denoting mean chopped SiC fiber length after mixing (mm).
Average Chopped Fiber Length
Average SiC fiber length (mm)
average SiC fiber length
A property denoting average pore diameter and determined in X Ray Computed Tomography Imaging, Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement, and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement.
Average Pore Diameter
average pore size
mean pore diameter
pore diameter
A property denoting average pore size of carbon xerogel support (reported characteristic value).
Average Pore Size
BJH pore size
mean pore size
pore size
Instrument for BET nitrogen adsorption (specific surface area, pore volume).
BET Analyzer
BET analyzer (Micromeritics ASAP 2010)
An instrument corresponding to a BET surface analyzer and used in Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement.
BET Surface Analyzer
Gemini VII surface analyzer
A property denoting bET surface area measured by N2 adsorption at 77 K.
BET Surface Area Nitrogen
BET area
BET surface area (N2)
S_BET(N2)
A property denoting bET specific surface area of dry Pt/C powders measured using octane adsorption in dynamic vapour sorption (DVS). | Proposed because ontology has BETSurfaceAreaNitrogen/WaterVapor but not octane/DVS.
BET Surface Area Octane Adsorption
BET
BET surface area
specific surface area
A property denoting bET-like surface area from water vapor adsorption; used for hydrophilicity metric.
BET Surface Area Water Vapor
BET surface area (H2O)
S_BET(H2O)
A property denoting backbone attachment molar percent and determined in Ionomer Coating Simulation.
Backbone Attachment Molar Percent
RFB
backbone attachment ratio
molar % of backbone fluorine atoms attached to graphite
A parameter specifying bake temperature(s) in photolithography process.
Bake Temperature
curing temperature
A parameter specifying bake duration(s) in photolithography process.
Bake Time
Device for ball-milling dispersion of ink; not present as named Instrument in ontology.
Ball Mill
jar mill
roller mill
Dispersion method for catalyst ink; not present as a named process in ontology.
Ball Milling
Fritsch planetary mill
planetary milling
A parameter specifying duration of ball milling/mixing step during ink preparation (10 min in this study).
Ball Milling Time
ball milling for 10 minutes
milling time
mixing time (ball milling)
A parameter specifying mass ratio of milling media to powder during dry milling.
Ball To Powder Ratio
A property denoting optical band gap energy estimated from UV–Vis diffuse reflectance and Tauc plot.
Band Gap Energy
band gap
energy bandgap
A property denoting bandgap energy and determined in Review Statement Extraction, Reported Material Property, and UV Visible Spectroscopy Measurement.
Bandgap Energy
narrow bandgap
A parameter specifying mass concentration of solutes in electroless copper plating bath.
Bath Solute Mass Concentration
g/L
A parameter specifying volume-based concentration of additives/reductant in electroless copper plating bath.
Bath Solute Volume Concentration
mL/L
An instrument corresponding to a battery analyzer and used in Organic Flow Battery Polarization Measurement and Galvanostatic Charge Discharge Measurement.
Battery Analyzer
battery analyzer (TOB
Bead-mill instrument used to grind and disperse ink components during catalyst ink preparation.
Bead Mill Machine
A parameter specifying number of bending cycles applied during cyclic bending durability test.
Bending Cycle Count
A parameter specifying bending cycle frequency used in cyclic bending tests.
Bending Frequency
cycles/min
A parameter specifying radius of curvature used in cyclic bending durability tests.
Bending Radius
radius of curvature
A material entity corresponding to a beta ag 2 se and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation and Ultrasonic Liquid Exfoliation.
Beta Ag 2 Se
β-Ag2Se
Crystalline silicon carbide phase observed in XRD at high sintering temperatures (≥1200°C).
Beta Si C Phase
beta-SiC
β-SiC
A parameter specifying bias current used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
current (A)
working current
Bias Current
A parameter specifying bias potential used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
applied potential
cell potential
holding potential
Bias Potential
A parameter specifying mass fraction of polymer binder in catalyst layer (wt.% of total solids).
Binder Mass Fraction
HPMC
A property denoting binder mass loss fraction and determined in Thermogravimetric Analysis Measurement.
Binder Mass Loss Fraction
binder loss
A parameter specifying binder type used to characterize MEAPolarization and Catalyst Ink Preparation.
I2 binder
PTFE binder
polymer binder
Binder Type
A property denoting binding energy position of XPS peaks (eV) used to evidence fluorocarbon species on Pt(111).
Binding Energy
XPS binding energy
XPS peak binding energy
Biodiesel product phase enriched in fatty acid methyl esters.
Biodiesel
Few-layer graphene flakes produced from biomass via solvent-free shearing + catalytic carbothermal graphitization (main sample).
Biomass Derived Few Layer Graphene Flakes
biomass-derived graphene flakes
micron-scale graphene flakes
sawdust-derived graphene
Generic biomass feedstock used as carbon precursor (e.g., sawdust, coconut husk, peanut shell, corncob, tea leaves, gingko leaves, wheat straw).
Biomass Precursor
A property denoting hierarchical pore architecture inspired by leaf veins.
Biomimetic Vein Structure
leaf vein structure
Colorant added to DIW photocurable ink.
Blue Dye
blue dye (Estudio Rit.)
A property denoting boiling point of solvent; proxy for volatility and drying behavior.
Boiling Point
boiling temperature
Boiling membrane/CCM in water (or peroxide solutions) as pre-hydration/cleaning step.
Boiling Pretreatment
H2O2 boiling
boil pretreatment
water boiling
MEA break-in/conditioning procedure prior to characterization (current hold + voltage steps).
Break In Procedure
activation procedure
break-in
conditioning procedure
A parameter specifying break time between spray cycles used to characterize Spray Coating.
Break Time Between Spray Cycles
break time
Manual/low-shear coating method for depositing catalyst inks.
Brush Coating
brushed into the MPL
brushed onto membrane
brushing
A property denoting bulk density computed from mass/volume of printed lattice body.
Bulk Density
Archimedes density
ink density
ρ_b
A property denoting time to bulk sedimentation / phase separation in analytical centrifuge transmittograms; not present as named Property in ontology.
Bulk Sedimentation Time
BsT
Butylamine solvent commonly used for CQD inks in the review.
Butylamine
A property denoting atomic percent of carbon (from C 1s signal) measured by XPS.
C 1 s Atomic Percent
C atomic percent
carbon atomic percent
A property denoting fraction (%) of C1s peak assigned to C=C/C–C/C–H at 284.50 eV from XPS deconvolution.
C 1 s Peak Fraction CC CH
C=C
C−H peak fraction
A property denoting fraction (%) of C1s peak assigned to C–O at 286.50 eV from XPS deconvolution.
C 1 s Peak Fraction C O
C-O peak fraction
A property denoting fraction (%) of C1s peak assigned to C=O at 288.00 eV from XPS deconvolution.
C 1 s Peak Fraction Ceq O
C=O peak fraction
A property denoting fraction (%) of C1s peak assigned to O=C–O at 289.00 eV from XPS deconvolution.
C 1 s Peak Fraction O Ceq O
O=C−O peak fraction
Cross-linked HO-SPEEK-64 hydrocarbon membrane/ionomer after hot-press crosslinking.
CHOSPEEK 64
cross-linked HO-SPEEK-64
Composite cathode catalyst consisting of Co3O4 blended with conductive ink (microporous conductive matrix).
CI Co Composite Catalyst
CICo
Composite cathode catalyst consisting of Fe3O4 blended with conductive ink (microporous conductive matrix).
CI Fe Composite Catalyst
CIFe
A property denoting yield of CNT growth based on fraction of catalyst particles that produce CNTs (%).
CNT Growth Yield Percent
yield of obtained CNTs
A property denoting CO 2 conversion and determined in Dry Reforming Of Methane Performance Measurement.
CO 2 Conversion
X_CO2
carbon dioxide conversion
A property denoting wastewater treatment performance metric: percent COD removed between influent and effluent.
COD Removal Efficiency
Activation method using CO adsorption/oxidation stripping to clean Pt surface.
CO Stripping Activation
CO-stripping
A parameter specifying CO stripping specific charge density used to characterize Carbon Monoxide Stripping Voltammetry.
CO Stripping Specific Charge Density
charge density assumed for evaluating Pt surface area
A property denoting CPE admittance Y 0 and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
CPE Admittance Y 0
CPE1
A property denoting CPE exponent N and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
CPE Exponent N
CPE exponent
n (CPE exponent)
A parameter specifying number of consecutive CV cycles used for stability test.
CV Cycle Count
CV cycles
A parameter specifying CV potential window used to characterize Cyclic Voltammetry.
CV Potential Window
CV potential range
potential window
A parameter specifying cV cleaning scan rate 50 mV/s for 30 cycles.
CV Scan Rate Cleaning
conditioning scan rate
A parameter specifying cV measurement scan rate 20 mV/s for 10 cycles.
CV Scan Rate Measurement
CV scan rate
scan rate
A parameter specifying typical resonance frequency of AFM cantilever (PPP-FM).
Cantilever Resonance Frequency
A parameter specifying typical spring constant of silicon nitride cantilever used for AFM (PPP-FM).
Cantilever Spring Constant
spring constant 2.8 N/m
typical spring constant 2.8 N/m
A property denoting total measured capacitance (non-normalized) of the electrode/electrolyte interface from EIS fit.
Capacitance
capacitance (total)
capacitance (µF)
Capillary furnace used for heating vacuum-encapsulated specimens.
Capillary Furnace
proposed_new_term. paper_context: Procedure to infer membrane capillary pressure from operando crack saturation and ex situ saturation–pressure relation.
Capillary Pressure Estimation
capillary pressure derivation
A property denoting proposed_new_term. paper_context: Capillary pressure (mbar) built up in membrane inferred from operando crack saturation vs ex situ filling curves.
Capillary Pressure In Membrane
acid pressure in membrane
capillary pressure
A property denoting carbon agglomerate core radius and determined in Contrast Variation SANSUSANS Measurement.
Carbon Agglomerate Core Radius
core radius
core radius of carbon agglomerates
A property denoting carbon aggregate effective density.
Carbon Aggregate Effective Density
effective density
ρ_e
A property denoting radius of gyration (Rg) of carbon aggregate–ionomer core–shell particles in catalyst ink (without contrast-match).
Carbon Aggregate Ionomer Particle Radius Of Gyration
Rg of carbon aggregate–ionomer particles
carbon aggregate–Nafion particle size
A property denoting radius of gyration (Rg) of carbon support aggregates in catalyst ink (Nafion contrast-matched), from Guinier–Porod fits.
Carbon Aggregate Radius Of Gyration
Rg of carbon aggregates
Rg of carbon aggregates in catalyst ink
radius of gyration of carbon aggregates
Carbon black additive used with activated carbon and PTFE to fabricate air-breathing cathode pellets.
Carbon Black
carbon black support
nonporous carbon
A property denoting anisotropy ratio of CB aggregates (ratio of long to short axis length in circumscribing prolate spheroid), used for validation (range ~1–4).
Carbon Black Aggregate Anisotropy Ratio
anisotropy ratio
Simulation step that reconstructs 3D carbon black aggregate morphology using probability-density placement and surface roughness fitting (validated vs size/SSA/pore volume).
Carbon Black Aggregate Structure Simulation
CB aggregate structure simulation
A property denoting primary carbon black particle size supporting Pt nanoparticles (nm scale).
Carbon Black Particle Size
carbon black size
carbon particle diameter
carbon support particle size
A parameter specifying number of primary carbon particles in each reconstructed aggregate (set to 55 for V-XC72 model).
Carbon Black Primary Particles Per Aggregate
Number of particle per aggregate
number of particles per aggregate
A parameter specifying volume fraction/ratio of carbon black phase in the catalyst layer microstructure simulation (dimensionless).
Carbon Black Volume Fraction
V_CB
carbon volume ratio
3D carbon cloth substrate used as electrode support (mapped loosely to GasDiffusionLayer in ontology, but kept distinct here).
Carbon Cloth Substrate
carbon cloth
treated carbon cloth
Reactant gas for dry reforming of methane.
Carbon Dioxide
A parameter specifying cO₂ concentration in incubator atmosphere used for cell culture.
Carbon Dioxide Percent
Carbon felt substrate used as both anode and cathode electrode material in the MFC.
Carbon Felt Electrode
Panex35 carbon felt
carbon felt
A material entity used for carbon fiber.
Carbon Fiber
thick carbon fibers
A property denoting carbon fiber diameter and determined in Electron Microscopy Imaging.
Carbon Fiber Diameter
fiber diameter
nanofiber diameter
Metadata corresponding to carbon mass and used to describe the provenance, identity, or context of another resource.
Carbon Mass
g_carbon
A parameter specifying mass fraction of carbon powder in the ink formulation (wt.% of total ink).
Carbon Mass Fraction In Ink
MPL ink carbon concentration
CO displacement transient (I–t) to quantify displacement charge; used to infer sulfonate coverage / adsorbed species at set potentials.
Carbon Monoxide Displacement Chronoamperometry
CO displacement chronoamperometry
CO stripping voltammetry measurement to quantify ECSA at different RH levels.
Carbon Monoxide Stripping Voltammetry
CO voltammetry stripping
CO-stripping voltammogram
carbon monoxide stripping
A parameter specifying cO concentration in N2 used for contamination (vol.%).
Carbon Monoxide Volume Percent
A material entity used for carbon nanotube.
Carbon Nanotube
carbon nanotube array
A property denoting temperature above which CNT material is fully decomposed/oxidized in TGA under ambient atmosphere (°C).
Carbon Nanotube Complete Decomposition Temperature
complete decomposition temperature
A property denoting temperature at which CO2 evolution / CNT decomposition is first observed in TG-MS under ambient atmosphere (°C).
Carbon Nanotube Decomposition Onset Temperature
decomposition onset
A material entity corresponding to a carbon nanotube forest and used as an input in Sputter Coating and Raman Spectroscopy Measurement.
Carbon Nanotube Forest
CNT forest
vertically aligned CNT forest
vertically aligned carbon nanotubes
A property denoting carbon nanotube forest height and determined in Electron Microscopy Imaging and Scanning Electron Microscopy Imaging.
Carbon Nanotube Forest Height
CNT forest height
forest height
A property denoting carbon nanotube outer diameter and determined in Electron Microscopy Imaging and Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging.
Carbon Nanotube Outer Diameter
CNT diameter
VACNT diameter
outer nanotube diameter
A property denoting number of concentric graphene walls in a multiwalled carbon nanotube (TEM).
Carbon Nanotube Wall Count
A property denoting percent contribution of carbon-nitrogen defect component in C 1s XPS deconvolution.
Carbon Nitrogen Defect Fraction Percent
C-N
carbon-nitrogen defects
A property denoting percent contribution of carbon oxide component in C 1s XPS deconvolution.
Carbon Oxide Fraction Percent
$Cx0y$
C_xO_y
Modified CCVD step where only carbon source (ethylene) is fed initially to form a carbon layer before introducing N-source.
Carbon Pretreatment Process
carbon pretreatment
A property denoting diameter of primary carbon nanoparticles observed in HRTEM (reported ~25 nm).
Carbon Primary Particle Diameter
primary carbon nanoparticle diameter
A property denoting thickness of the graphitic shell of hollow primary carbon nanoparticles (reported ~3 nm).
Carbon Shell Thickness
carbon shell thickness (graphitic planes)
graphitic shell thickness
A material entity corresponding to a carbon support and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation, Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement, and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement.
Carbon Support
carbon black
porous carbon
solid carbon
A parameter specifying carbon support accessibility.
Carbon Support Accessibility
accessible mesopores
A property denoting carbon-to-oxygen atomic ratio reported from XPS.
Carbon To Oxygen Atom Ratio
C/0 atom ratio
C/O
C/O atom ratio
A parameter specifying mass ratio of carbon to surfactant used in ink preparation (fixed at 13.5 in this study).
Carbon To Surfactant Weight Ratio
NG:surfactant mass ratio
surfactant-to-NG ratio
A property denoting carbon weight percent in catalyst.
Carbon Weight Percent In Catalyst
Homemade carbon xerogel support (X85) with tunable particle size; used as model carbon support.
Carbon Xerogel X 85
X85
carbon xerogel
homemade carbon xerogel
A property denoting carbon yield (mass retained after pyrolysis) attributed to lignin content; referenced qualitatively and via TGA/porosity discussion (not tabulated).
Carbon Yield
char yield
Final carbon material after drying/reduction at 250°C (air) and annealing/pyrolysis to 1000°C (Ar); characterized by XRD/Raman/adsorption/conductivity/mechanics.
Carbonized 3 D Printed Carbon Material
carbonized 3D-printed structure
High-temperature annealing under N2 (e.g., 1000°C) to promote Fe-catalyzed graphitization to graphene flakes.
Carbothermal Graphitization Annealing
annealed
catalytic carbothermal graphitization
Alternative binder studied; showed more QD aggregation than SU-8-based composites.
Cardo Based Acrylic Resin
acrylated cardo oligomers
A parameter specifying carrier gas flow used to characterize MEAPolarization, Spray Coating, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
H2 flow
N2 flow
air flow
Carrier Gas Flow
A material entity corresponding to a castor oil and used as an input in Acid Base Titration Measurement, Gas Chromatography Measurement, and Iodine Value Measurement.
Castor Oil
A parameter specifying Ratio of (catalyst + ionomer) to PEG additive used to define PEG addition level (e.g., 4:3).
Catalyst And Ionomer To PEG Ratio
(cat+ionomer):PEG
PEG200-3
ratio of catalyst and ionomer to PEG
A membrane with catalyst layers directly coated on the membrane (CCM). Central object of review.
Catalyst Coated Membrane
CCM
catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) method
catalyst-coated membranes
A material entity used for catalyst coated substrate.
Catalyst Coated Substrate
CCS
A manufacturing process for catalyst impregnation using Support Material and Precursor Solution with Oven and producing Impregnated Support.
incipient wetness impregnation
wetness impregnation
Catalyst Impregnation
Catalyst-layer ink/slurry composed of carbon + PFSA dispersion + solvents, prior to coating.
HC catalyst ink
PFSA reference ink
catalyst solution
Catalyst Ink
A manufacturing process for catalyst ink preparation using Catalyst Powder, Solvent, and Ionomer Solution with Magnetic Stirrer, Ultrasonicator, and Planetary Mixer and producing Catalyst Ink, PDL Ag NW Composite Ink, and Solvent Mixture.
catalyst ink
ink preparation
suspension preparation
Catalyst Ink Preparation
A dataset containing catalyst ink structure data generated by Catalyst Ink Preparation, Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement, and Contrast Variation SANSUSANS Measurement.
Catalyst Ink Structure Dataset
catalyst ink structure
ink structure data
structural parameters dataset
CL H3PO4 loading estimated from mass difference before/after doping; not found in ontology.
Catalyst Layer Acid Loading Determination
Specification of catalyst-layer composition parameters used in calculations (e.g., ionomer volume fraction).
Catalyst Layer Composition Specification
CL composition specification
A parameter specifying catalyst layer conductivity exponent B used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Catalyst Layer Conductivity Exponent B
CL conductivity exponent B
A parameter specifying catalyst layer conductivity prefactor A used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Catalyst Layer Conductivity Prefactor A
Simulation that packs reconstructed CB aggregates into a 3D catalyst layer, applies ionomer coating model, and computes ionomer connectivity/tortuosity and relative proton conductivity.
Catalyst Layer Microstructure Simulation
catalyst layer simulation
A property denoting qualitative morphology of sprayed catalyst layer surface (e.g., cracked mudflat vs loose particle deposits) inferred from SEM.
Catalyst Layer Morphology
cracked mudflat morphology
mud-crack morphology
surface morphology
A parameter specifying catalyst layer porosity used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation, Electrochemical Reaction Simulation, and Catalyst Layer Composition Specification.
CL porosity
ε_CL
ε_V
Catalyst Layer Porosity
A parameter specifying catalyst layer thickness used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, Transmission Line Model Analysis, and PEMFCCFD Simulation.
cathode CL thickness
δ_CL
Catalyst Layer Thickness
Measurement/reporting of catalyst layer thickness as a function of Pt loading.
Catalyst Layer Thickness Measurement
catalyst layer thickness
cathode catalyst layer thickness
thickness measurement (ImageJ from SEM cross-sections)
A property denoting thickness of catalyst layer (typically in µm; ordered CLs can be <1 µm).
CL thickness
A parameter specifying catalyst layer tortuosity.
geometric tortuosity
tau_geo
Catalyst Layer Tortuosity
A normalization basis corresponding to catalyst layer volume and used as the reference basis for reporting quantitative results or properties.
Catalyst Layer Volume
A parameter specifying catalyst loading used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement.
Pt loading
target Pt loading
Catalyst Loading
Determination of Pt loading (mg_Pt/cm2) by weighing and Pt wt% of catalyst.
Catalyst Loading Determination
Pt loading determination
catalyst loading measured by XRF
catalyst loading measurement
A parameter specifying spatial catalyst loading pattern with hydrophilic/hydrophobic segments in the cathode catalyst layer.
Catalyst Loading Pattern
full loading pattern
loading pattern
strip pattern
A normalization basis corresponding to catalyst mass and used as the reference basis for reporting quantitative results or properties.
Catalyst Mass
Pt mass
catalyst mass (excluding ionomer)
total catalyst mass
A parameter specifying Catalyst mass concentration in the ink (mg/mL of solvent).
Catalyst Mass Concentration In Ink
CQD ink concentration
ink concentration
A parameter specifying catalyst mass fraction in ink used to characterize Ink Formulation Specification Measurement.
Catalyst Mass Fraction In Ink
IrO2 contents in the ink
A parameter specifying catalyst mass fraction in ink solids used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation and Ink Recipe Definition.
Catalyst Mass Fraction In Ink Solids
Pt/C (wt%) of total solid content
Pt/C wt% in ink solids
catalyst fraction in ink solids
A property denoting catalyst particle diameter and determined in Scanning Electron Microscopy Imaging.
Catalyst Particle Diameter
diameter of catalyst particle
A property denoting 3D reconstructed accessible surface area of a Pt/Ru catalyst network from electron tomography.
Catalyst Particle Surface Area
SIRT/DART
Surface area [nm²]
accessible surface area
A property denoting 3D reconstructed volume of a Pt/Ru catalyst network from electron tomography.
Catalyst Particle Volume
Volume [nm³]
reconstructed volume
A parameter specifying pt mass fraction in Pt/C catalyst powder (wt.%).
Catalyst Platinum Mass Fraction
Pt fraction in catalyst
Pt fraction in catalyst (0.20)
Pt mass fraction
A material entity corresponding to a catalyst powder and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Umicore Elyst catalyst
Catalyst Powder
A property denoting ruthenium mass fraction in PtRu black catalyst from EDX.
Catalyst Ruthenium Mass Fraction
A parameter specifying catalyst suspension concentration used in polymerization buffer.
Catalyst Suspension Concentration
NG concentration
dilution concentration
A parameter specifying mass ratio of Pt black catalyst to sPEEK binder in cathode ink.
Catalyst To Binder Mass Ratio
Pt black to sPEEK ratio (19:1)
A parameter specifying catalyst to nafion solution mass ratio used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Catalyst To Nafion Solution Mass Ratio
ratio of 7:3
A parameter specifying weight ratio of catalyst (CoTMPP-based + additives) to Nafion in the cathode ink formulations (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3).
Catalyst To Nafion Weight Ratio
N/C
Nafion-to-carbon ratio
catalyst:Nafion weight ratio
A property denoting fraction/percent of catalyst layer transferred from substrate to membrane during decal transfer.
Catalyst Transfer Rate
decal transfer rate
degree of catalyst transfer
transfer rate
A parameter specifying catalyst mass fraction relative to oil mass (wt.%).
Catalyst Weight Percent In Oil
A manufacturing process for catalyst wetting drying treatment using Fe NC Catalyst and Water.
Catalyst Wetting Drying Treatment
wetting and subsequent drying
wetting treatment
wetting/drying treatment
A manufacturing process for catalyzed diffusion medium method.
Catalyzed Diffusion Medium Method
catalyzed diffusion medium (CDM) method
A property denoting description=Cathode capacitance (Cc) extracted from cathode potential slope during discharge (F).
Cathode Capacitance
Cathode catalyst layer (low-Pt, varied ionomer content).
Cathode Catalyst Layer
CCL
catalyst layer (CL)
A parameter specifying cathode catalyst loading used to characterize MEAPolarization, Spray Coating, and MEAAssembly Process.
Cathode Catalyst Loading
catalyst loading in air-breathing cathode
cathode Pd/C loading
cathode Pt loading
A material entity corresponding to a cathode GDE and used as an input in MEAAssembly Process, Cyclic Voltammetry, and Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
GDE
PGM-free cathode GDE
Pt-C/Nafion GDE
Cathode GDE
A parameter specifying cathode MPL carbon support loading.
Cathode MPL Carbon Support Loading
carbon black loading in the cathode MPL
A property denoting cathode electrode potential vs reference electrode at specified current density or open circuit.
Cathode Potential
electrode potential
A property denoting description=Cathode resistance extracted from cathode ohmic drop during pulse (Ohm).
Cathode Resistance
Break-in method using cathode oxygen starvation leading to H2 evolution/reducing conditions.
Cathode Starvation Activation
cathode starvation
A parameter specifying cathode stoichiometric ratio used to characterize MEAPolarization, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, and Break In Procedure.
cathode stoichiometry
λ_ca
λ_cathode
Cathode Stoichiometric Ratio
A property denoting cathodic stripping peak current and determined in Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry.
Cathodic Stripping Peak Current
A measurement process that uses cathodic stripping voltammetry to determine Cathodic Stripping Peak Current and Peak Potential using Electrochemical Workstation and generating Experiment Dataset.
Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry
Specific quantum-dot composition used as model (green CdSe@ZnS core–shell QDs).
Cd Se Zn S Quantum Dot
A parameter specifying cell active area used to characterize MEAPolarization, MEAAssembly Process, and Limiting Current Measurement.
Cell Active Area
MEA active area
active area
geometric area
A property denoting description=Apparent cell capacitance (Ccell) extracted from voltage slope during discharge (F).
Cell Capacitance
Ccell
apparent capacitance
A parameter specifying cell length used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Cell Length
length (mm)
A parameter specifying cell pressure used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement.
average cell pressure
gas pressure
kPa_abs
Cell Pressure
A parameter specifying initial seeding density for mixed neural cells in cytocompatibility assay.
Cell Seeding Density
A property denoting fuel cell cell voltage (V) under galvanostatic operation.
Cell Voltage
applied voltage
A property denoting Rate of increase of (iR-corrected) cell voltage during long-term galvanostatic stability test (mV/h).
Cell Voltage Increase Rate
increase in iR-corrected cell voltage
A property denoting cell voltage loss and determined in MEA Durability Measurement.
Cell Voltage Loss
mV loss
mV loss at current density
voltage loss
A property denoting percent loss in cell voltage over a defined durability interval at constant current.
Cell Voltage Loss Percent
voltage loss %
A parameter specifying cell width used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Cell Width
width (mm)
A parameter specifying centrifugal acceleration (relative centrifugal force) used in centrifugation tests.
Centrifugal Acceleration
RCF
Separation step to isolate modified catalyst solids after polymerization.
Centrifugation Process
centrifugal concentration
centrifuged
centrifuging
A parameter specifying centrifugation speed during washing/cleanup.
Centrifugation Speed
A parameter specifying centrifugation time during washing/cleanup.
Centrifugation Time
Used to centrifuge inks at 4000 rpm for bubble removal.
Centrifuge
A material entity corresponding to a ceramic colloid ink and used as an input in Rheology Measurement and Direct Ink Writing.
Ceramic Colloid Ink
A property denoting mass fraction retained after pyrolysis (reported up to 70%).
Ceramic Yield
Aqueous Cs formate solutions (1.4–2.0 g/cm3) used as density floats to determine skeletal density of carbonized structures.
Cesium Formate Solution
aqueous cesium formate
density float solutions
A parameter specifying channel to spacer area ratio used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Channel To Spacer Area Ratio
A dataset containing charge discharge data generated by Galvanostatic Charge Discharge Measurement.
Charge Discharge Dataset
charge/discharge profile
cycling data
A property denoting integrated charge per area obtained from cyclic voltammograms; used as indicator of electrode charge storage and percolation onset.
Charge Storage Capacity
CSC
A parameter specifying charge transfer coefficient used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation and Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Charge Transfer Coefficient
alpha_c
electron transfer coefficient
α_c
A property denoting paper reports fitted EIS component as combined (Rct + Rm) and does not separate components.
Charge Transfer Plus Mass Transport Resistance
Rct+Rm
large semicircle resistance
A property denoting charge transfer resistance and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, and Distribution Of Relaxation Times Analysis.
R_ct
charge transfer resistivity
faradaic resistance
Charge Transfer Resistance
Platinum precursor used to impregnate ZIF-67 prior to pyrolysis to form Pt nanoparticles on NCNTFs.
Chloroplatinic Acid Hexahydrate
Constant-potential current-time measurement used here for ORR durability (e.g., at 0.55 V vs RHE for 30000 s) and methanol tolerance.
Electrochemical stability test by holding potential/overpotential and recording current over time (I–t).
Chronoamperometry Measurement
chronoamperometric measurement
chronoamperometry (I–t)
continuous voltage chronoamperometry
A measurement process that applies constant current to determine cell voltage and cell-voltage increase rate over time.
Chronopotentiometry Measurement
A property denoting xPS-derived surface oxidation-state ratio for Co.
Co 2 Co 3 Ratio
Co2+/Co3+
A property denoting atomic percent of cobalt (from Co 2p signal) measured by XPS.
Co 2 p Atomic Percent
Co atomic wt.%
PGM-free Co-N-C catalyst prepared using aminoantipyrine (AAPyr) precursor via sacrificial support method.
PGM-free M-N-C catalyst synthesized from Co nitrate + aminoantipyrine precursor via SSM.
Co AA Pyr Catalyst
Co-AAPyr
Bimetallic PGM-free Co–Mn–N–C catalyst (AAPyr-derived).
Co Mn AA Pyr Catalyst
Co-Mn
Co-Mn-AAPyr
A material entity corresponding to a co NC catalyst and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Co NC Catalyst
Co-N-C
laboratory made Co–N–C catalyst
Bimetallic PGM-free Co–Ni–N–C catalyst (AAPyr-derived).
Co Ni AA Pyr Catalyst
Co-Ni
Co-Ni-AAPyr
Hydrogen reduction of blended oxides (Fe2O3+NiO+MoO3) to metals, enabling subsequent alloy formation.
Co Reduction Process
co-reduction
A material entity corresponding to a co TMPP catalyst and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation, Electron Microscopy Imaging, and Pyrolysis Process.
Co TMPP Catalyst
CoTMPP
pyrolyzed Co porphyrin catalyst
A property denoting ratio of cobalt to nitrogen signal (Co/N) reported from XPS quantification.
Co To N Ratio
Co/N
Co/N ratio
A parameter specifying mass fraction of cationic additive (PEI) added relative to dry solid mass to induce flocculation/thixotropy.
Coagulating Agent Mass Fraction
PEI
coagulating agent
A parameter specifying air velocity during painting/ink application step.
Coating Air Velocity
air velocity
A parameter specifying applicator gap setting used during coating (25–175 µm).
Coating Gap
gap-height
Weighing Kapton support before/after coating to obtain deposited mass.
Coating Mass Measurement
dispensed mass measurement
A parameter specifying number of repeated spin-coating cycles used to build film thickness.
Coating Repetitions
repeated 15 times
repeated 5 times
A parameter specifying coating speed used with film applicator (10 mm/s).
Coating Speed
coating rod speed
rastering speed
rod speed
A parameter specifying ambient/plate temperature during ink painting/application step.
Coating Temperature
deposition temperature
painting temperature
Gravimetric measurement of catalyst coating mass/weight on CCM.
Coating Weight Measurement
catalyst coating weight
coating weight
A parameter specifying coating width used to characterize Slot Die Coating.
Coating Width
Cobalt acetate precursor used (with iron acetate) for FeCo catalyst deposition.
Cobalt Acetate
Cobalt thiolate precursor (molecular ink)
Cobalt Hexadecanethiolate
Co hexadecane thiolate
A material entity corresponding to a cobalt II nitrate hexahydrate and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Cobalt II Nitrate Hexahydrate
Cobalt(II) oxide (CoO) used as PLD target component with Fe2O3.
Cobalt II Oxide Co O
CoO
cobalt(II) oxide
A material entity used for cobalt nitrate hexahydrate.
Cobalt Nitrate Hexahydrate
Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) used as non-Pt ORR catalyst blended into conductive ink (CICo).
Cobalt Oxide Co 3 O 4
Co3O4
cobalt oxide
A parameter specifying mass of Co-HDT used in ink formulation.
Cobalt Thiolate Mass
Co-HDT mass
A property denoting eDS-reported normalized cobalt concentration in Pt–Co catalyst layer (wt.%).
Cobalt Weight Percent In Catalyst Layer
A property denoting prediction performance metric: coefficient of determination (R²).
Coefficient Of Determination R 2
coefficient of determination
A property denoting non-uniform ring-like deposition pattern after droplet evaporation; suppressed by co-solvent and viscosity control.
Coffee Ring Effect
coffee-ring strain
A manufacturing process for cold isostatic pressing process.
Cold Isostatic Pressing Process
CIP
cold isostatic press
A parameter specifying voltage threshold defining cold-start failure.
Cold Start Failure Voltage Threshold
A property denoting duration until cold-start failure (voltage < 0.1 V) at sub-zero temperature.
Cold Start Survival Time
start-up time
survival time
Sub-zero start-up test procedure with voltage-time response under constant current density.
Cold Start Test
cold start process
isothermal cold start
Ink method where PBI forms colloid/precipitate when dripped into acetone and ultrasonicated; compared against solution method.
Colloidal Method Ink Preparation
colloidal method
slurry preparation
Silica sol used for impregnation to strengthen porous ceramics.
Colloidal Silica
silica sol
Porous ceramic specimen after colloidal silica impregnation and second sintering.
Colloidal Silica Impregnated Porous Ceramic
impregnated porous ceramic
Vacuum-assisted immersion/impregnation of parts with colloidal silica binder (followed by second sintering).
Colloidal Silica Impregnation
immersion in colloidal silica
impregnation treatment
Colloidal synthesis of Cu2WS4 nanocubes using metal chlorides + sulfur in oleylamine; heated 180°C then 300°C.
Colloidal Synthesis Process
colloidal synthesis
A property denoting color difference delta eab and determined in Xrite Optical Property Measurement.
Color Difference Delta Eab
color difference
ΔEab*
A parameter specifying component mass used to characterize Ink Composition Specification and Ink Formulation Specification.
Component Mass
Pt/C mass
ingredient mass
mass (g)
A parameter specifying molar ratio between RM257 and EDDET (dimensionless).
Component Molar Ratio
Co:Ni molar ratio
molar ratio
ratio 1.13:1
A parameter specifying volume of a component/reagent used in ink formulation or synthesis.
Component Volume
Nafion solution volume
dispersion medium volume
solvent volume
A parameter specifying weight percent of an additive/component in an ink/resin formulation.
Component Weight Percent
weight percent
A parameter specifying compression percent used to characterize MEAAssembly Process.
compressive strain
Compression Percent
A parameter specifying compression pressure used to characterize MEAAssembly Process and Through Plane Thermal Conductivity Measurement.
bolt compression
clamping pressure
contact pressure
Compression Pressure
A property denoting maximum compressive strength of lattice under uniaxial compression.
Compressive Strength
strength (MPa)
strength at break
Mechanical testing under compression to determine compressive strength of printed lattices.
Compressive Strength Measurement
compressive strength test
compressive stress-strain
An instrument corresponding to a comsol multiphysics and used in PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Comsol Multiphysics
A parameter specifying concentration exponent used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Concentration Exponent
A parameter specifying pre-equilibration/conditioning time at a step before measurement (min).
Conditioning Time
conditioned for
conditioning period
hydration time
A parameter specifying conditioning voltage used to characterize Microelectrode Water Electrolyzer Polarization Measurement.
Conditioning Voltage
A material entity corresponding to a conductive carbon grease and used as an input in Rheology Measurement and Selective Coaxial Ink 3 D Printing.
Conductive Carbon Grease
Carbon Conductive Grease 846
carbon grease
Silver nanoparticle ink used for conductive traces; thermally cured/sintered.
Conductive Silver Ink
Dataset of thin-film conductivity vs RH, thickness, and dopant concentration.
Conductivity Dataset
conductivity data
conductivity vs RH data
resistance data
Confocal microscope used for immunofluorescence imaging to quantify astrocyte coverage and cell morphology on substrates.
Confocal Microscope
Olympus Fluoview 1000 confocal microscope
A property denoting static water contact angle on CCM surface; used as hydrophobicity indicator.
Contact Angle
droplet contact angle
initial contact angle
water contact angle
A property denoting contact angle decrease 0 to 200 s.
Contact Angle Decrease 0 to 200 s
An instrument corresponding to a contact angle goniometer and used in Solvent Property Measurement and Contact Angle Measurement.
Contact Angle Goniometer
sessile drop goniometer
Sessile drop contact angle measurement on CCM surface.
Contact Angle Measurement
contact angle
contact angle test
water drop contact angle measurement
A parameter specifying contact spring coefficient used to characterize Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation.
Contact Spring Coefficient
contact spring coeff cient
contact spring constant
A parameter specifying cO contamination time before stripping cycles (min).
Contamination Time
CO exposure time
contaminated for
Conventional DIW printing mode where geometry is sliced into layers and filled with continuous filaments.
Continuous Mode Printing
continuous mode
Combined contrast-variation small-angle and ultrasmall-angle neutron scattering (SANS+USANS) used to quantify hierarchical ink structure.
Contrast Variation SANSUSANS Measurement
SANS
USANS
contrast-variation neutron scattering
Drying step in convection dryer after printing.
Convection Drying
annealed in convection oven
convection dryer
dried in convection dryer
A parameter specifying cooling rate after pyrolysis, varied (slow vs fast) and linked to catalyst morphology and stability.
Cooling Rate
cool-down rate
fast-cooled
slow-cooled
Electrolessly deposited copper metallization layer/pattern formed on PET after Pd activation.
Copper Film
Cu film
copper pattern
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate; copper source in electroless plating bath (Solution A).
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate
Synthesis of LDH precursors by coprecipitation from metal nitrate solutions into Na2CO3 at controlled pH.
Coprecipitation Synthesis
A parameter specifying core diameter.
Core Diameter
conductive core diameter
core width
Corn starch used as binder/ingredient in conductive ink formulation.
Corn Starch
A property denoting coulombic efficiency of full ORFB cell during galvanostatic cycling (discharge capacity / charge capacity).
Coulombic Efficiency
Coulombic efficiency (average)
A parameter specifying upper validity bound of the ionomer coverage correlation equation (Eq. 4).
Coverage Equation RIC Max
A parameter specifying lower validity bound of the ionomer coverage correlation equation (Eq. 4).
Coverage Equation RIC Min
A property denoting inverse coverage relaxation time (τ−1 = R0/L), interpreted as first-order rate constant for oxidative desorption of intermediates.
Coverage Relaxation Rate Constant
inverse of coverage relaxation time
tau^-1
τ−1
A property denoting crack aspect ratio and determined in Crack Characterization Measurement.
Crack Aspect Ratio
aspect ratio of cracks
A measurement process that uses crack characterization measurement to determine Crack Density and Crack Aspect Ratio using SEM Instrument.
Crack Characterization Measurement
crack characterization
A property denoting proposed_new_term. paper_context: Percentage of CL cracks that fully penetrate thickness (pathway connectivity).
Crack Connectivity
fully penetrating cracks
proposed_new_term. paper_context: Analysis quantifying fraction of cracks fully penetrating the catalyst layer (connectivity metric).
Crack Connectivity Analysis
cluster connectivity analysis
A property denoting crack density and determined in Crack Characterization Measurement.
Crack Density
areal density of cracks
crack areal density
surface crack density
A property denoting characteristic crack length scale observed in SEM images.
Crack Length
A property denoting proposed_new_term. paper_context: Fraction (%) of crack volume accessible from membrane/CL interface to a 20 µm sphere (simulated MIP).
Crack Volume Accessibility At 20 um
A property denoting characteristic crack width scale observed in SEM images.
Crack Width
A property denoting proposed_new_term. paper_context: Median crack width from crack width distribution (CWD) analysis.
Crack Width D 50 CWD
d50(CWD)
mean crack width (Table 1)
median crack width
A property denoting proposed_new_term. paper_context: Median crack size from simulated mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP).
Crack Width D 50 MIP
d50(MIP)
median accessible crack width
A property denoting proposed_new_term. paper_context: Maximum observed crack width in CL (from XTM slice analysis).
Crack Width Max
cracks width up to
maximum crack width
A property denoting speed of LCE-based crawler during thermal cycling.
Crawler Speed
crawl speed
mm/min
A parameter specifying critical concentration of particles per volume (wt.%) defining maximum solids fraction before rheology transition.
Critical Concentration Of Particles Per Volume
CCPV
A property denoting largest dried film thickness at which primary cracks (PCs) do not occur during drying.
Critical Crack Thickness
CCT
Determination of maximum film thickness without primary cracks during drying; assessed by confocal microscopy across thickness series.
Critical Crack Thickness Measurement
CCT measurement
critical crack thickness
A parameter specifying critical dielectric constant used to characterize Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation.
Critical Dielectric Constant
Ecrit
critical electric constant
A parameter specifying crosshead speed used in compressive strength test.
Crosshead Speed
compressive speed
stretching speed
A property denoting crush strength and determined in Crush Strength Measurement.
Crush Strength
radial crush strength
Radial crush strength measurement of cylindrical ceramic specimens.
Crush Strength Measurement
crush strength testing
Prepares neat cross-sections at -140°C for optical imaging.
Cryo Ultramicrotome
cryo-ultramicrotome (Leica EMFCS)
A parameter specifying operating temperature of cryo-ultramicrotome during sectioning (°C).
Cryo Ultramicrotome Temperature
cryo temperature
Cryostat/temperature control unit for fuel cell test station.
Cryostat
Lauda Eco Silver RE1050 cryostat
Counter electrode film based on Cu2WS4 nanocubes deposited on FTO glass.
Cu 2 WS 4 Counter Electrode
Dispersion of Cu2WS4 nanocubes (in toluene) used for spin coating onto FTO as counter electrode film.
Cu 2 WS 4 Nanocube Ink
CWS nanocube ink
nanocube inks
Ternary copper-tungsten-disulfide (Cu2WS4) nanocubes synthesized via colloidal process; used as catalytic counter-electrode material.
Cu 2 WS 4 Nanocubes
CWS nanocubes
Cu2WS4
A parameter specifying time required for photocuring/curing of resin/ink layers.
Curing Time
cure time
cured within
photocure time
A property denoting current density normalized to Geometric Area and determined in MEAPolarization, Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, and Cyclic Voltammetry.
cell current density
current flux density
Current Density
A property denoting rate of current density loss during constant-voltage durability test.
Current Density Decay Rate
current decay rate
decay rate
degradation rate
A property denoting percent loss from Tafel-step analysis attributed to connectivity/specific adsorption effects.
Current Density Loss Percent
current loss %
A property denoting current density normalized by Pt catalytic surface area (simulation output, A m_Pt^-2).
Current Density Per Pt Surface Area
A·m_Pt^-2
current density per catalytic surface
A property denoting lED current efficiency metric reported for QD-based color conversion device.
Current Efficiency
cd/A
maximum current efficiency 0.85 cd/A
A measurement process that uses Current-Interrupt HFR measurement to determine Ohmic Resistance and High Frequency Resistance using Fuel Cell Test Station and Milli Ohmmeter and generating Experiment Dataset.
HFR measurement
current interrupt
high frequency resistance (HFR) measurement
Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement
A property denoting percent of initial ORR current retained after constant-potential chronoamperometry durability test.
Current Retention Percent After Chronoamperometry
current retention
Mechanical cycling test where Cu patterns on PET are bent repeatedly and normalized resistance is tracked.
Cyclic Bending Test Measurement
bending durability test
cyclic bending test
A measurement process that uses cyclic voltammetry to determine Double Layer Capacitance, Electrochemically Active Surface Area, and Onset Potential using Electrochemical Workstation, Potentiostat, and Fuel Cell Test Station and generating Experiment Dataset, ECSA Dataset, and Cyclic Voltammogram Dataset.
cyclic voltammogram
cyclic voltammograms
Cyclic Voltammetry
A dataset containing cyclic voltammogram data generated by Cyclic Voltammetry.
Cyclic Voltammogram Dataset
voltammogram data
A material entity used for cyclohexanol.
Cyclohexanol
A parameter specifying mass fraction of cyclohexanol in the catalyst ink formulation (wt.%). Proposed because ontology has specific alcohol mass-fraction terms (e.g., IsopropanolMassFractionInInk) but not cyclohexanol.
Cyclohexanol Mass Fraction In Ink
Co-solvent used to suppress coffee-ring deformation and aggregation in QD inks.
Cyclopentanone
A parameter specifying DEM time step used to characterize Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation.
DEM Time Step
time step
Acrylate-based elastomer resin printed by DLP (composition specified in paper).
DLP Elastomer Resin
DLP elastomer
Commercial acrylate-thiol photopolymer resin (ToughPoint™) used for DLP printing.
DLP Plastic Resin
DLP plastic
Top-down digital light processing (DLP) vat photopolymerization used to print photopolymer matrix layers (not found in ontology).
DLP Printing
vat photopolymerization-based DLP printing
Projector-based exposure system used for DLP vat photopolymerization.
DLP Projector
digital projector (Vivitek D912HD) with modified optics
Resin vat used in top-down DLP printing.
DLP Resin Tank
resin tank
Instrument for measuring particle/agglomerate hydrodynamic size distribution in inks/solutions.
DLS Instrument
DLS
dynamic light scattering instrument
light scattering instrument
A dataset containing DLS particle size data generated by Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement.
DLS Particle Size Dataset
A parameter specifying scattering angle used for DLS measurements (90°).
DLS Scattering Angle
scattering angle
Tertiary-amine methacrylate monomer providing pH-responsive segments in the copolymer.
DMAEMA Monomer
DMAEMA
A parameter specifying mass fraction of DMSO in ink solvent (paper reports 5 wt% DMSO addition).
DMSO Mass Fraction In Ink
Dataset of DRM catalytic performance (conversions, etc.).
DRM Performance Dataset
DRM performance
Dataset containing calculated DRT spectra (e.g., G(f) vs frequency) and derived peak features from impedance spectra.
DRT Dataset
DRT function G(f)
DRT spectra
An instrument corresponding to a DSC instrument and used in Differential Scanning Calorimetry Measurement.
DSC Instrument
DSC 3+ STARe System
Mettler Toledo DSC
NETZSCH STA449 F3 (DSC)
Computer/data acquisition system used to store measured aging data.
Data Acquisition Computer
supervising computer
proposed_definition=Dealloyed Pt-Ni alloy nanoparticles supported on high surface area carbon (d-PtNi/C) used as cathode electrocatalyst.; Paper mentions approximate composition Pt3Ni2 after acid dealloying; not present as a dedicated term in ontology.
Dealloyed Pt Ni On Carbon Catalyst
d-PtNi
Thermal removal/decomposition of polymer binder and organics prior to sintering.
Debinding Process
A parameter specifying debye length (κ^-1) of the dispersion medium used to interpret DLS hydrodynamic size changes.
Debye Length
Transfer of dried catalyst layer (decal) from PTFE substrate onto membrane during MEA fabrication.
Decal Transfer
decal transfer method
transfer through hot press
transfer via hot-pressing
Measurement workflow calculating Pt loading and catalyst transfer yield from decal film mass change during release.
Decal Transfer Evaluation Measurement
Pt loading measured by weighing
Analytical estimation of filament midspan deflection and required storage modulus based on literature equations.
Deflection Criterion Calculation
Eq. (1)-(3) calculation
A property denoting deflection expressed as percent of filament diameter.
Deflection Percent Of Filament Diameter
% filament diameter
% of the filament diameter
deflection percent
Evaluation of data-driven degradation prediction models against measured aging datasets.
Degradation Prediction Evaluation Measurement
degradation prediction
prediction performance evaluation
A parameter specifying degree of sulfonation of sPEEK determined by 1H NMR.
Degree Of Sulfonation
A parameter specifying model hyperparameter: number of delay layers in the network configuration.
Delay Layer Count
delay layer
delay layer is 2
A property denoting delta S and determined in Xrite Optical Property Measurement.
Delta S
ΔS (A*)
ΔS (B*)
Computational calculation (DFT) used to obtain adsorption/binding energies.
Density Functional Theory Calculation
DFT
density functional theory
Generic density measurement for ink/mixture (method not specified in this source).
Density Measurement
Density
A parameter specifying deposition potential used to characterize Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry.
Deposition Potential
A parameter specifying volumetric deposition rate / volumetric flow rate during printing (mm^3/s).
Deposition Rate
A parameter specifying deposition time used to characterize Spray Coating, Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry, and Ink Extrusion Process.
plating time
Deposition Time
A parameter specifying porosity specified by the lattice design (open channels only).
Designed Porosity
A parameter specifying optical detection/measurement area used for device characterization.
Detection Area
A property denoting detection limit.
Detection Limit
lowest detectable concentration
A parameter specifying development time during photolithography.
Development Time
developed ... for a minute
A material entity used for diacetone alcohol.
Diacetone Alcohol
A parameter specifying interval at which dialysis bath water is replaced during purification.
Dialysis Bath Change Interval
bath change interval
Purification step to remove unreacted monomers by dialysis against DI water.
Dialysis Purification Process
dialysis purification
A parameter specifying time duration of dialysis purification step.
Dialysis Time
An instrument corresponding to a diaphragm pump and used in Organic Flow Battery Polarization Measurement.
Diaphragm Pump
Plasticizer used in ink formulation.
Dibutyl Phthalate
A property denoting solvent dielectric constant (relative permittivity), affects ionomer solvation and dispersion.
Dielectric Constant
electric constant
solvent dielectric constant
Differential scanning calorimeter instrument used to collect DSC curves during heating (TA Q2000).
Differential Scanning Calorimeter
DSC
A measurement process used to determine thermal event peak temperature and phase transition temperature by differential scanning calorimetry, typically using a differential scanning calorimeter, DSC instrument, or synchronous thermal analyzer, and generating a thermal analysis dataset.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry Measurement
differential scanning calorimetry
A property denoting xRD peak position (2θ) values used to identify phases (e.g., 22.1°, 35.76°, 60.16°, 71.95°).
Diffraction Peak Position 2 Theta
(002) peak position
diffraction peak at 2θ
diffraction peak position
Balance used for mass measurement for density/porosity calculations.
Digital Balance
Caliper used to measure dimensions for bulk density calculation.
Digital Caliper
Optical/digital microscope used for imaging fracture surfaces and measuring fiber length after dilution.
Digital Microscope
VHX-5000 digital microscope (Keyence)
Digital multimeter used to measure cell voltage and current.
Digital Multimeter
Keithley 2000 multimeter
Keithley digital multimeter
Positive (catholyte) quinone electroactive material used in ORFB (BQDSH2/BQDS couple).
Dihydroxybenzene Disulfonic Acid
A parameter specifying sample dilution factor for selectivity experiments.
Dilution Factor
serum diluted 100×
A property denoting percent change in linear dimension after processing (e.g., Teflon substrate elongation).
Dimensional Expansion Percent
Specific solvent used in catalyst ink.
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Ink solvent used for solution method and for PBI stock solution.
Dimethylacetamide
N-dimethylacetamide
Solvent used to dissolve PES/PVP during membrane fabrication.
Dimethylformamide
N–dimethylformamide
An instrument corresponding to a dip coater instrument and used in Dip Coating Process.
Dip Coater Instrument
KSV dip coater
KSV dip-coater LM
Dip-coating of carbon cloth in Ni-Co thiolate ink prior to thermolysis
Dip Coating Process
dip coating
dip-coated
A parameter specifying dip coating withdrawal rate used to characterize Dip Coating Process.
Dip Coating Withdrawal Rate
immersion/extraction rate
withdrawal rate
Ink solvent with dielectric constant 12.60 (paper)
Dipropyl Ketone
Dipropylene glycol (DPG) solvent referenced for PFSA dispersion; affects ionomer aggregate size.
Dipropylene Glycol
Additive manufacturing process where a viscoelastic ink is extruded through a nozzle along a programmed toolpath.
Direct Ink Writing
DIW
direct ink writing (DIW)
direct-write additive manufacturing
A parameter specifying direct ink writing 2 used to characterize Direct Ink Writing.
Direct Ink Writing 2
Motor-driven DIW/robocasting printer with syringe driver for controlled extrusion and retraction.
Direct Ink Writing Printer
DIW printer
extrusion-based 3D printer
three-axis 3D printer
MEA fabrication technique where ionomer dispersion is deposited directly on a gas diffusion electrode to form PEM/CL interface (as described by Klingele et al.).
Direct Membrane Deposition
DMD
Fuel cell type used as biosensor transducer (anode TPB used for sensing).
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
DMFC
A property denoting description=Full discharge time during galvanostatic discharge to 0 V.
Discharge Time
t_discharge
Computational reconstruction of CL geometry by DEM packing of multisphere carbon agglomerates during ink drying.
Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation
DEM
DEM simulation
discrete element method
A parameter specifying mass fraction of dispersant added relative to dry solid mass in ceramic ink preparation.
Dispersant Mass Fraction
Dispersion/stirring machine used during ink preparation.
Dispersion Machine
A parameter specifying density of the 1-propanol/water (1:1 mass ratio) dispersion medium used in volume fraction estimates.
Dispersion Medium Density
dispersion media density
ρ_m
Computational analysis that deconvolves an impedance spectrum into a distribution of relaxation times (DRT) to identify process peaks.
Distribution Of Relaxation Times Analysis
DRT
distribution of relaxation times
Long-chain silane used to functionalize fabric surface and impart superhydrophobicity; also used as single-component printing ink.
Docosyltriethoxysilane
Coating method using a blade to control wet film thickness during CL deposition.
Doctor Blade Coating
bar-coating
doctor blade
knife coating
A property denoting conversion of carbon–carbon double bonds during UV curing, derived from FTIR peak area decrease at 1638 cm−1.
Double Bond Conversion Rate
C=C conversion rate
double-bond conversion
A property denoting double layer capacitance normalized to Geometric Area and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, and Cyclic Voltammetry.
Cdl
Cpd1
Double Layer Capacitance
A property denoting double layer capacitance ratio and determined in Cyclic Voltammetry.
Double Layer Capacitance Ratio
A property denoting capacitive (double-layer) current density at 0.4 V used to compute double-layer capacitance.
Double Layer Capacitive Current Density
i_dl
Process of depositing catalyst ink onto carbon paper GDL.
Drop Casting Process
drop cast
drop casting
drop-cast method
A parameter specifying drop spacing used to characterize Inkjet Printing Process.
Drop Spacing
A property denoting droplet penetration time.
Droplet Penetration Time
sessile drop penetrates into membrane
A parameter specifying volume of dispensed droplet in nano-needle loading method.
Droplet Volume
drop volume
ink volume
water droplet volume
Fixed-bed dry reforming of methane (DRM) catalytic performance test (conversions, etc.).
Dry Reforming Of Methane Performance Measurement
A parameter specifying oven drying duration for modified catalyst solids.
Drying Duration
A parameter specifying drying temperature used to characterize Spray Coating, Catalyst Impregnation, and Catalyst Ink Preparation.
annealing temperature
oven temperature
Drying Temperature
A parameter specifying drying time used to characterize Spray Coating, Catalyst Impregnation, and Catalyst Ink Preparation.
curing time
drying duration
Drying Time
A property denoting durability with cycling hours and determined in MEA Durability Measurement.
Durability With Cycling Hours
Durability with cycling
durability w/ cycling
A property denoting durability without cycling hours and determined in MEA Durability Measurement.
Durability Without Cycling Hours
Durability without cycling
durability w/o cycling
A parameter specifying duty cycle used to characterize Ink Ultrasonication.
Duty Cycle
A parameter specifying time held at each potential during voltage cycling (s).
Dwell Time
equilibration time
hold time
immersion time
A parameter specifying initial Rhodamine B concentration in aqueous solution for degradation tests.
Dye Concentration
MB concentration
dye concentration (MB etc.)
Soaking TiO2 photoanode in N719 dye solution (5.10e-3 M) for 18 h.
Dye Sensitization Process
Device architecture: TiO2 photoanode + iodide/triiodide redox electrolyte + counter electrode (Pt or Cu2WS4).
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
DSSC
An instrument corresponding to a dynamic hydrogen electrode and used as a reference electrode in electrochemical measurements.
Dynamic Hydrogen Electrode (H2 Anode in MEA)
DHE
H2 anode as reference electrode
hydrogen electrode
Dynamic Hydrogen Electrode
An instrument corresponding to a dynamic light scattering instrument and used in Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement and Zeta Potential Measurement.
Dynamic Light Scattering Instrument
DLS instrument
Measurement of hydrodynamic radius/agglomerate size distribution in ink/solution.
Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement
dynamic light scattering
dynamic scattered-light intensity analysis
Gravimetric water sorption/desorption measurement used for water uptake in CL/membranes (mentioned in Section 6.2.3), but not present as a specific term in ontology.
Dynamic Vapor Sorption Measurement
DVS
dynamic vapor sorption
A normalization basis corresponding to ECSA basis and used as the reference basis for reporting quantitative results or properties.
ECSA Basis
Pt surface area basis
cm2_Pt
Controlled vocabulary concept representing a normalization basis tied to electrochemically active surface area.
ECSA basis
A measurement process that determines electrochemically active surface area from double-layer capacitance measurements using an electrochemical workstation and generating an experiment dataset.
ECSA by Double-Layer Capacitance
A dataset containing ECSA data generated by Catalyst Ink Preparation, Cyclic Voltammetry, and Carbon Monoxide Stripping Voltammetry.
ECSA Dataset
CO stripping ECSA dataset
ECSA data
ECSA evolution dataset
A property denoting percent loss of ECSA after cycling/conditioning relative to initial.
ECSA Loss Percent
ECSA loss (%)
Dithiol component of LCE ink (reacts with RM257).
EDDET
EDDET dithiol
A parameter specifying eIS frequency range 0.5 to 100 kHz.
EIS Frequency Range
frequency range
A parameter specifying EIS max frequency used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, and Proton Conductivity Measurement.
EIS Max Frequency
EIS f_max
max frequency
maximum frequency
A parameter specifying EIS min frequency used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, and Proton Conductivity Measurement.
EIS Min Frequency
EIS f_min
min frequency
minimum frequency
A dataset containing EIS nyquist data generated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
EIS Nyquist Dataset
EIS Nyquist plots
EIS data
A parameter specifying eIS perturbation amplitude 2 mV peak-to-peak.
EIS Perturbation Amplitude
AC amplitude
perturbation amplitude
sinusoidal amplitude
Instrument/technique to measure zeta potential for colloidal stability.
ELS Instrument
ELS
Instrument/system for EQE measurement.
EQE Spectrometer
EQE system
QE spectrometer
ESR spectrometer used for detecting radical species with DMPO spin trap.
ESR Spectrometer
X-band Bruker spectrometer (ESP-500)
An material entity used for ETFE sheet substrate.
ETFE Sheet Substrate
ETFE sheet
decal substrate
An material entity used for E tek commercial MEA.
E Tek Commercial MEA
Component mixed with GMA to form DIW photocurable ink.
Ebecryl 8804
Aliphatic urethane diacrylate component of DLP elastomer resin.
Ebecryl 8807
aliphatic urethane diacrylate (Ebecryl 8807)
A property denoting effective ionic conductivity and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Proton Conductivity Measurement, and Literature Review Synthesis.
effective proton conductivity
proton conductivity
proton conductivity (effective)
Effective Ionic Conductivity
A property denoting effective oxygen diffusion coefficient and determined in Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement, X Ray Computed Tomography Imaging, and Distribution Of Relaxation Times Analysis.
Dox
oxygen diffusivity
Effective Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient
A property denoting percent of initial efficiency retained after aging/operation.
Efficiency Retention Percent
Bar-coating/film-applicator device used for film-casting deposition.
Elcometer 4340 Bar Coating Device
Elcometer 4340
Mayer bar coater
Meyer rod (bar coater)
Electronic load used to control current during fuel cell tests.
Electric Load
Höcherl and Hackl PLI1206ZVSV5 electric load
PLI1206ZVSV5 electric load
electronic load
A parameter specifying critical Pt/C volume fraction for electrical percolation threshold from conductivity percolation fit (Eq. 10).
Electrical Percolation Threshold Volume Fraction
critical volume fraction (e
φ_e
Tabulated electrical conductivity, sheet resistance, and Hall mobility for SG films (vacuum filtration vs compressed pellet).
Electrical Properties Table
A property denoting electrical resistivity and determined in Four Probe Resistance Measurement and Electrical Resistivity Measurement.
Electrical Resistivity
resistivity (Ω·m)
Electrical resistivity (or resistance-derived resistivity) measurement of electroless Cu patterns on PET.
Electrical Resistivity Measurement
A property denoting electrocatalyst support stability percent and determined in Review Statement Extraction.
Electrocatalyst Support Stability Percent
Electrocataystsupport stablity
electrocatalyst support stability
A measurement process that uses electrochemical impedance spectroscopy galvanostatic to determine Charge Transfer Resistance, Double Layer Capacitance, and Ohmic Resistance using Electrochemical Workstation, Potentiostat, and Fuel Cell Test Station and generating Experiment Dataset, Impedance Dataset, and EIS Nyquist Dataset.
EIS
galvanostatic impedance spectroscopy
impedance spectra
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic
A measurement process that uses electrochemical impedance spectroscopy potentiostatic to determine Charge Transfer Resistance, Double Layer Capacitance, and Ohmic Resistance using Electrochemical Workstation, Potentiostat, and Segmented Cell System and generating Experiment Dataset, Impedance Dataset, and EIS Nyquist Dataset.
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
impedance spectroscopy
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic
3D electrochemical reaction + mass/charge transfer simulation on reconstructed geometry using upscaled transport properties.
Electrochemical Reaction Simulation
mass transfer simulation
An instrument corresponding to an electrochemical workstation and used in MEAPolarization, Square Wave Voltammetry, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
CHI760E electrochemical workstation
electrochemical analyzer
electrochemical impedance spectroscope / potentiostat
Electrochemical Workstation
A property denoting electrochemically active surface area normalized to Catalyst Mass and Pt Mass and determined in Cyclic Voltammetry, ECSABy Double Layer Capacitance, and Carbon Monoxide Stripping Voltammetry.
ECSA
Pt surface area
accessible electrochemically surface area
Electrochemically Active Surface Area
A parameter specifying electrode compression pressure.
Electrode Compression Pressure
compression pressure
A property denoting linear dimension of square/rectangular electrode or MEA (cm).
Electrode Side Length
Thermal treatment of sprayed electrodes (190°C for 1 h in inert ventilated oven).
Electrode Sintering
dried and sintered
thermal sintering between layers
A material entity corresponding to an electrode substrate and used as an input in Spray Coating.
macroporous substrate
Electrode Substrate
Autocatalytic electroless deposition of copper on Pd-activated PET substrates from alkaline formaldehyde bath.
Electroless Copper Plating Process
electroless Cu plating
A parameter specifying electrolyte concentration used to characterize MEAPolarization, Square Wave Voltammetry, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
H2SO4 concentration
acid concentration
dopant concentration
Electrolyte Concentration
A parameter specifying electrolyte PH used to characterize Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, Linear Sweep Voltammetry, and Zeta Potential Measurement.
Electrolyte PH
pH 7.5
pH=1
A parameter specifying electrolyte type used to characterize Square Wave Voltammetry, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, and Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry.
Electrolyte Type
Deposition process used to coat Si wafer with aluminum thin film.
Electron Beam Evaporation Deposition
e-beam evaporation
electron beam evaporation
Electron microscopy imaging used to observe Pt nanoparticle size, agglomerates, and ionomer films.
Electron Microscopy Imaging
FESEM imaging
FIB-SEM cross section imaging
electron microscopy
ESR spectroscopy used to detect reactive oxygen species (•OH, •O2−) via spin-trap (DMPO).
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy Measurement
Electron tomography (tilt-series + reconstruction) used to compute 3D volume and accessible surface area of catalyst networks.
Electron Tomography Imaging
electron tomography
A property denoting electron transfer number and determined in Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry and Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
electrons transferred
n electrons transferred
number of electrons
Electron Transfer Number
A property denoting electronic conductivity anisotropy ratio.
Electronic Conductivity Anisotropy Ratio
IP/TP ratio
A property denoting electronic conductivity loss percent and determined in Ex Situ Hydration Test.
Electronic Conductivity Loss Percent
conductivity loss
loss in in-plane conductivity
A parameter specifying applied voltage on electrospinning needle.
Electrospinning Applied Voltage
A parameter specifying electrospinning collector voltage used to characterize Electrospinning Deposition.
Electrospinning Collector Voltage
collector voltage
A manufacturing process for electrospinning deposition using Catalyst Ink and Proton Exchange Membrane and producing Cathode Catalyst Layer, Electrospun Catalyst Layer, and Ionomer Nanofiber Scaffolding Catalyst Layer.
Electrospinning Deposition
electrospun
A parameter specifying ink ejection/feed rate during electrospinning (unit as reported; needs review).
Electrospinning Ink Flow Rate
flow rate
ink flow rate
A parameter specifying needle gauge used for electrospinning.
Electrospinning Needle Gauge
A parameter specifying inner diameter of electrospinning needle.
Electrospinning Needle Inner Diameter
inner diameter
needle diameter
spinneret diameter
A parameter specifying distance between electrospinning needle and collector drum.
Electrospinning Needle To Collector Distance
needle-collector distance
needle-to-substrate distance
spinneret-to-collector distance
A manufacturing process for electrospray deposition using Catalyst Ink and Proton Exchange Membrane with Syringe Pump, High Voltage Power Supply, and XY Moving Stage and producing Cathode Catalyst Layer, Electrosprayed Catalyst Layer, and Ionomer Nanofiber Scaffolding Catalyst Layer.
Electrospray Deposition
electro-spraying
electrosprayed
electrostatic spray
Catalyst layer fabricated via electrospray deposition from catalyst ink.
Electrosprayed Catalyst Layer
commercial electro-sprayed catalyst layer
electrosprayed PGM-free catalyst layer
electrosprayed electrode
Catalyst layer fabricated via electrospinning deposition (nanofiber structure).
Electrospun Catalyst Layer
Comparison recurrent network model used for benchmarking.
Elman Neural Network Model
Elman network
A property denoting elongation at break of membrane (undoped/doped).
Elongation At Break
strain at break
EDX in STEM mode used to quantify Pt and Ru atomic percentages and Pt/Ru ratio in particles/networks.
Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy
EDX
energy dispersive spectrometry
energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS)
A property denoting energy efficiency of full ORFB cell during galvanostatic cycling (discharge energy / charge energy).
Energy Efficiency
energy efficiency (average)
A parameter specifying energy width setting for zero-loss imaging using an Ω-type energy filter.
Energy Filter Width
An instrument corresponding to an environmental chamber and used in Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement.
climate chamber
Environmental Chamber
Extrusion-based 3D printer used to extrude microfilaments.
Envisiontec 3 D Bio Plotter
Epoxidized castor oil intermediate produced by epoxidation of castor oil and used for dispersant synthesis.
Epoxidized Castor Oil
ECO
Epoxidized soybean oil intermediate produced by epoxidation of soybean oil and used for dispersant synthesis.
Epoxidized Soybean Oil
Titration method used to determine epoxy equivalent / oxirane content in epoxidized oils (Section 2.2.6).
Epoxy Equivalent Titration Measurement
titration of epoxy equivalent
Used to pore-fill CCM piece for FIB-SEM; generic epoxy resin (paper does not specify product).
Epoxy Resin
epoxy resin pore filling
A property denoting equivalent ionomer film thickness.
Equivalent Ionomer Film Thickness
equivalent Nafion film thickness
interfacial resistance equivalent thickness
A parameter specifying pass count normalized to a reference ink carbon concentration to keep total cathode thickness constant (as defined by authors).
Equivalent Spray Coating Pass Count
Liquid ethane used as cryogen for plunge freezing to avoid Leidenfrost effect and ice-crystal artifacts.
Ethane Cryogen
liquid ethane
Alcohol component of the binary ink solvent (water/ethanol).
Ethanol
ethanol dispersion
ethanol media
ethanol solvent
A parameter specifying ethanol mass fraction in total ink composition (paper reports wt%).
Ethanol Mass Fraction In Ink
A parameter specifying ethanol mass in ink used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Ethanol Mass In Ink
A parameter specifying Volume ratio of ethanol to water in the pre-wetting dip solution (v/v).
Ethanol To Water Volume Ratio
A parameter specifying volume of ethanol used for ligand exchange dispersion.
Ethanol Volume
ethanol (mL)
A parameter specifying ethanol volume fraction in solvent mixture used to characterize Solvent Property Measurement.
Ethanol Volume Fraction In Solvent Mixture
Dispersion medium: ethyl acetate solvent (not present in current ontology).
Ethyl Acetate
A parameter specifying ethyl acetate mass in ink used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Ethyl Acetate Mass In Ink
Ethyl acetate
A material entity corresponding to an ethylene gas and used as an input in Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis and Water Assisted Low Pressure CVD.
Ethylene Gas
Main low-volatility solvent (vehicle) for catalyst ink in PICL1/PICL2.
Ethylene Glycol
ethylene glycol solvent
Surfactant/additive used in ink formulation.
Ethylene Glycol Butyl Ether
EGBE
Ethylene glycol diethyl ether (EGDEE) solvent used for catalyst ink.
Ethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGDME) solvent used for catalyst ink.
Ethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether
A parameter specifying volume fraction of ethylene glycol in solvent mixture (vol.%).
Ethylene Glycol Volume Fraction
ethylene glycol
ethylene glycol vol%
A parameter specifying ethylene volumetric flow rate used to characterize Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Ethylene Volumetric Flow Rate
ethylene flow
A parameter specifying temperature used during solvent evaporation by rotary evaporation.
Evaporation Temperature
rotavapor temperature
A measurement process that uses ex situ hydration test to determine Water Uptake Ratio, Electronic Conductivity Loss Percent, and Swelling Fraction.
Ex Situ Hydration Test
ex-situ hydration
hydration test
A parameter specifying exchange coefficient used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Exchange Coefficient
charge transfer coefficient
A parameter specifying exchange current density used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Exchange Current Density
i_ef
i_ref
KrF excimer laser used in pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of catalyst/support films.
Excimer Laser Instrument
KrF excimer laser
Liquid-phase exfoliated few-layer silica nanosheets.
Exfoliated Silica Nanosheet
E–SN
A dataset containing experiment data generated by Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement.
USAXS data
experimental dataset
scattering data
Experiment Dataset
A parameter specifying detector exposure time per diffraction pattern / tomography projection.
Exposure Time
A property denoting external quantum efficiency and determined in Review Statement Extraction and External Quantum Efficiency Measurement.
External Quantum Efficiency
A dataset containing external quantum efficiency data generated by External Quantum Efficiency Measurement.
External Quantum Efficiency Dataset
Spectral EQE measurement versus wavelength.
External Quantum Efficiency Measurement
EQE measurement
external quantum efficiency spectra
A parameter specifying external resistor used during long-term stability monitoring of MFC voltage.
External Resistance
external resistance (100 Ω)
load resistor
A parameter specifying pneumatic pressure used to extrude ink during direct ink writing.
Extrusion Pressure
NMR instrument used to quantify Nafion adsorption isotherms (19F-NMR).
F 19 NMR Instrument
¹⁹F NMR
Quantifies Nafion main-chain and side-chain mobility in solvent dispersions using 19F NMR peak analysis.
F 19 NMR Mobility Measurement
fluorine-19 NMR mobility measurement
A property denoting atomic percent of fluorine (from F 1s signal) measured by XPS.
F 1 s Atomic Percent
A property denoting fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in biodiesel phase after reaction.
FAME Content
FAME
biodiesel content
ester content
A measurement process that uses FIBSEM tomography measurement to determine Pore Size Distribution, Average Pore Size, and Large Pore Fraction Above 150 nm using SEM Instrument.
FIBSEM Tomography Measurement
FIB-SEM
FIB-SEM tomography
Dataset of FTIR spectra versus UV exposure time and versus pyrolysis temperature.
FTIR Dataset
FTIR spectra
An instrument corresponding to a FTIR instrument and used in FTIR Spectroscopy Measurement.
FTIR Instrument
Bruker FTIR analyzer
FTIR spectrometer used for ATR–FTIR measurements of cross-link stability.
FTIR Spectrometer
FTIR (Nicolet iS5
Perkin Elmer 100 FT-IR spectrometer
Thermo Scientific Nicolet 6700 FTIR
FT-IR used to characterize carboxylate coordination features of MSA-QDs.
FTIR Spectroscopy Measurement
FT-IR
IR spectroscopy
A parameter specifying fTIR measurement wavenumber range used in this study.
FTIR Wavenumber Range
A material entity corresponding to a FTO glass substrate and used as an input in Material Specification.
FTO Glass Substrate
FTO glass
N-doped carbon catalyst made from furfural + urea using acid-treated halloysite template; yields rod-like morphology.
FU Ndoped Carbon Catalyst
A measurement process that uses fabrication design specification to determine Anode Catalyst Loading, Cell Active Area, and Segment Active Area.
Fabrication Design Specification
design specification
A parameter specifying physical constant F = 96,485 C/mol as stated in the paper (Section 6.1.3).
Faraday Constant
Faraday's constant
Target alloy composition after co-reduction/interdiffusion (20 at.% Ni, 5 at.% Mo, balance Fe).
Fe 20 Ni 5 Mo Alloy
Target alloy composition after co-reduction/interdiffusion (20 at.% Ni, balance Fe).
Fe 20 Ni Alloy
Iron(III) oxide powder feedstock used in blended oxide inks.
Fe 2 O 3 Powder
Fe2O3
Fe₂O₃
PGM-free Fe-N-C catalyst prepared using aminoantipyrine (AAPyr) precursor via sacrificial support method.
PGM-free M-N-C catalyst synthesized from Fe nitrate + aminoantipyrine precursor via SSM.
Fe AA Pyr Catalyst
Fe-AAPyr
Bimetallic PGM-free Fe–Co–N–C catalyst (AAPyr-derived).
Fe Co AA Pyr Catalyst
Fe-Co
Fe-Co-AAPyr
Fe–Co bimetallic catalyst layer on Al foil used to grow VACNT via PECVD.
Fe Co Bimetallic Catalyst
FeCo catalyst
bimetallic catalyst FeCo
Fe-doped biomass-derived graphene used as ORR catalyst support; Fe introduced by pyrolysis of Fe-loaded graphene.
Fe Doped Graphene Flakes
Fe-doped biomass-derived graphene
Bimetallic PGM-free Fe–Mn–N–C catalyst (AAPyr-derived); best-performing in this study.
Fe Mn AA Pyr Catalyst
Fe-Mn
Fe-Mn-AAPyr
Fe-Mn-N-C
A property denoting estimated density of Fe–N4 sites from N 1s XPS fitting (assumption: 399.5 eV component originates from Fe–N4).
Fe N 4 Site Density
active site density
site density (SD)
Carbon-based iron–nitrogen catalyst used as ORR cathode electrocatalyst (PGM-free).
Fe NC Catalyst
Fe–N–C
PGM-free catalyst
non-PGM catalyst
Bimetallic PGM-free Fe–Ni–N–C catalyst (AAPyr-derived).
Fe Ni AA Pyr Catalyst
Fe-Ni
Fe-Ni-AAPyr
Elemental iron powder feedstock used in metal powder inks.
Fe Powder
A parameter specifying fe to co molar ratio used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation and Dip Coating Process.
Fe To Co Molar Ratio
Co=2:3
Fe:Co ratio
A parameter specifying volume ratio of feed methane in inlet mixture (dimensionless).
Feed Methane Volume Ratio
volume ratio of feed methane
A parameter specifying upward motion speed of the syringe/nozzle during pillar formation (controls stretching/shape).
Feed Rate
ink feeding rate
Oxidative stability test by immersing in Fenton reagent and measuring residual weight.
Fenton Oxidative Stability Measurement
Target protein analyte and template for imprinting.
Ferritin
ferritin (model protein)
A parameter specifying ferritin concentration in incubation solutions during sensing experiments (pM range).
Ferritin Analyte Concentration
A property denoting ferritin cavity diameter.
Ferritin Cavity Diameter
cavity diameter
A property denoting maximum number of iron ions stored in ferritin cavity (count).
Ferritin Iron Ion Capacity
iron ions per ferritin
up to 4500 iron ions
A parameter specifying mass concentration of ferritin in dialyzed precursor solutions (mg/L protein).
Ferritin Mass Concentration
concentration of ferritin
ferritin concentration
Micellar complex where ferritin molecules are incorporated into alkylpolyglycoside micelles (1@2).
Ferritin Surfactant Micelle Complex
A parameter specifying ferritin concentration used as template during MIP formation (mass concentration).
Ferritin Template Concentration
A parameter specifying mass ratio of electrospun fiber ionomer to carbon in iNFS-CL (paper notation Ifiber/C in parentheses).
Fiber Ionomer To Carbon Ratio
I_fiber/C
fiber/carbon ratio
A parameter specifying fiber ionomer volume fraction used to characterize Catalyst Layer Composition Specification.
Fiber Ionomer Volume Fraction
fiber ionomer vol%
An instrument corresponding to a fiber-optic oxygen probe and used in in-plane effective diffusivity measurement.
Fiber Optic Oxygen Probe
high-speed fiber optic oxygen probe (OXR430-UHS)
A property denoting standard deviation (degrees) of fiber orientation angle distribution measured from XCT images.
Fiber Orientation Angle Std Dev
fiber angle standard deviation
fiber angle std dev
An instrument corresponding to a fiji image J software.
Fiji Image J Software
Fiji ImageJ
A property denoting estimated midspan deflection of printed filament/strut span (µm).
Filament Deflection
midspan deflection
DIW deposition mode where extrusion is started/stopped per-pillar (analogous to inkjet drop-on-demand), enabling vertical free-standing pillars.
Filament On Demand Mode
filament-on-demand
A property denoting fill factor of photovoltaic device (dimensionless or %).
Fill Factor
A parameter specifying filler content (geopolymer powder) expressed as wt.% dry basis.
Filler Weight Percent
A property denoting film thickness and determined in Atomic Force Microscopy Measurement, SEM Imaging, and Film Thickness Measurement.
Film Thickness
bi-layer thickness
flake thickness
pattern thickness
Thickness measurement of printed ink film on polypropylene substrate using micrometer (Section 2.4.1.1).
Film Thickness Measurement
film thickness measurement (HRTEM)
printed film thickness
A measurement process for finite element analysis simulation.
Finite Element Analysis Simulation
Abaqus simulation
FEA
finite element simulation
A property denoting resistance parameter R obtained from semi-empirical fit of polarization curve (includes bulk, contact, and mass-transport contributions in fit region).
Fitted Resistance From Polarization Curve
Fixed-bed reactor setup for DRM catalytic testing.
Fixed Bed Reactor
CVD reactor
fixed-bed column
quartz tube reactor
A parameter specifying fixed charge concentration in dry Nafion ionomer used for water storage calculations (mol/cm3).
Fixed Charge Concentration In Dry Ionomer
c_f
fixed charge concentration in dry Nafion
A property denoting flexural strength of pyrolyzed bars measured in three-point bending (MPa).
Flexural Strength
fracture strength
A material entity corresponding to a flow channel and used as an input in PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Flow Channel
air channel
current flow channel
gas channel
A parameter specifying flow channel height used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Flow Channel Height
channel height
A parameter specifying flow channel width used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Flow Channel Width
channel width
A parameter specifying flow field design.
straight channel flow field
Flow Field Design
A parameter specifying rib width in serpentine flow field.
Flow Field Rib Width
rib width
An instrument corresponding to a fluorescence microscope and used in Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging.
Fluorescence Microscope
Imaging method used to assess QD uniformity and coffee-ring formation in dried droplets/patterns.
Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging
fluorescence microscopy
fluorescent images
A property denoting eDS-reported normalized fluorine concentration in catalyst layer (wt.%); F attributed to PFSA/Nafion.
Fluorine Weight Percent In Catalyst Layer
Reducing agent (formaldehyde solution) in electroless copper plating bath (Solution B).
Formaldehyde
Additive used to control steric hindrance during ligand exchange.
Formic Acid
Four-probe current–voltage measurement of dry CL to estimate lateral electronic resistance.
Four Probe Resistance Measurement
four-point probe
four-probe I–V measurement
four-probe setup
A parameter specifying image acquisition frame rate for high-speed video.
Frame Rate
A parameter specifying mass fraction of free (unbound) MSA ligand added relative to QD mass to improve dispersibility.
Free MSA Weight Percent Based On QD
free MSA wt% (based on QD)
One-step grafting-from polymerization used to anchor ionomer/MIP on catalyst support.
Free Radical Polymerization Process
free radical polymerization
Freeze drier used for freeze-drying green parts.
Freeze Drier
A manufacturing process for freeze drying using Printed Green Part with Freeze Drier and producing Printed Composite Structure.
Freeze Drying
freeze-dried
sublimation drying
A property denoting number of repeated freeze–thaw cycles applied during subzero durability test.
Freeze Thaw Cycle Count
freeze-thaw cycles
Protocol involving repeated freezing at subzero temperature with residual water and subsequent thaw/evaluation.
Freeze Thaw Cycling Durability Test
freeze–thaw cycles
A parameter specifying frequency used to characterize Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement, Square Wave Voltammetry, and Spray Coating.
characteristic frequency
peak frequency
Frequency
A parameter specifying frequency range used to characterize Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
f range
frequency scope
Frequency Range
Time-series dataset collected during aging tests (voltage, current, temperature, etc.).
Fuel Cell Aging Dataset
aging data
experimental aging data
measurement data
A parameter specifying fuel cell operation time used to characterize MEA Durability Measurement.
Fuel Cell Operation Time
continuous fuel cell operation
operating time
operation time
A dataset containing fuel cell polarization data generated by MEAPolarization and Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement.
Fuel Cell Polarization Dataset
i–PD data
i–V curves dataset
i–V data
Proposed measurement type for PEMFC single-cell polarization/IV curve measurement used to compute power density and peak power density.
Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement
fuel cell performance test
polarization measurement
single cell polarization curve
Single-cell hardware used for MEA tests.
Fuel Cell Test Cell
Baltic FuelCells quickConnect® test cell 'high amp'
Baltic ISE qCf Liquid Cooling high amp zero gradient test cell
Baltic ISE qCf test cell
An instrument corresponding to a fuel cell test station and used in Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement.
Scribner 850e Fuel Cell Test System
single-cell test station
single-cell test system
Fuel Cell Test Station
Amorphous fumed silica used as a templating carrier during CoTMPP catalyst preparation (later etched out).
Fumed Silica
amorphous fumed silica
fumed silica template/support
silica template
Carbon precursor used (with urea N source) to form rod-like N-doped carbon catalyst FU.
Furfural
A property denoting furfural conversion and determined in Furfural Hydrogenation Reaction Measurement.
Furfural Conversion
Batch autoclave catalytic test (aqueous phase) reporting furfural conversion and product selectivity under H2.
Furfural Hydrogenation Reaction Measurement
furfural hydrogenation test
Primary hydrogenation product of furfural.
Furfuryl Alcohol
A property denoting selectivity to furfuryl alcohol among products (percent).
Furfuryl Alcohol Selectivity
selectivity to furfuryl alcohol
GC-MS instrument used to analyze degradation intermediates.
GCMS Instrument
An instrument corresponding to a GDE fixture.
GDE Fixture
Gas diffusion electrode half-cell test fixture enabling high-current ORR testing with gas feed to electrode and liquid electrolyte contact (per ref. [22]).
GDE Half Cell Setup
GDE half-cell
GDE setup
A parameter specifying GDL type used to characterize MEAPolarization.
GDL Type
N-doped carbon catalyst made from glucose + urea using halloysite template; yields flaky morphology after template removal.
GU Ndoped Carbon Catalyst
Break-in method at constant current density (galvanostatic hold).
Galvanostatic Activation
constant current activation
A measurement process that uses galvanostatic charge discharge measurement to determine Coulombic Efficiency, Energy Efficiency, and Ohmic Resistance using Battery Analyzer, Electrochemical Workstation, and Ag/AgCl and generating Charge Discharge Dataset.
Galvanostatic Charge Discharge Measurement
charge/discharge cycling
constant current charge/discharge
galvanic charge/discharge
Instrument for N2 physisorption (77 K) measurements.
Instrument used for nitrogen physisorption (BET surface area, pore volume/size).
Gas Adsorption Analyzer
Micromeritics nitrogen adsorption analyser
Gas chromatograph (GC) used to analyze outlet gases during DRM testing.
Gas Chromatograph
Gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector used to quantify ester content (EN14103).
Gas Chromatograph FID
GC-FID
Gas chromatography instrument used to determine fatty acid compositions (Section 3.1).
Gas Chromatography Instrument
GC-MS used to identify intermediate products and m/z peaks during RhB degradation.
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Measurement
GC-MS
mass spectrometry
Gas chromatography measurement used to quantify fatty acid distribution of oils (soybean, castor) via silica-gel column chromatography / GC analysis.
Gas Chromatography Measurement
gas chromatography (FID)
A parameter specifying gas composition used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement.
H2/N2
H2/O2
Gas Composition
A measurement process for gas crossover method.
Gas Crossover Method
MEA fabrication route where catalyst layer is prepared on GDL (forming GDE) then hot-pressed with PEM.
Gas Diffusion Electrode Method
GDE method
A parameter specifying gas diffusion layer porosity used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation and Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Gas Diffusion Layer Porosity
EGDL
GDL porosity
porosity of GDL
A parameter specifying gas diffusion layer thickness used to characterize MEAAssembly Process, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, and PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Gas Diffusion Layer Thickness
GDL thickness
GDL thickness Ib
l_b
A parameter specifying gas flow rate used to characterize MEAPolarization, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, and Cyclic Voltammetry.
Gas Flow Rate
L/min
mL/min
A parameter specifying gas hourly space velocity (L/gcat/h) during DRM tests.
Gas Hourly Space Velocity
GHSV
space velocity
An instrument corresponding to a gas humidification unit and used in Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and MEAPolarization.
gas humidification
humidification unit
humidified gases
Gas Humidification Unit
A measurement process that uses gas permeability measurement to determine Hydrogen Permeability and Oxygen Permeability.
Gas Permeability Measurement
An instrument corresponding to a gas sorption analyzer and used in Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement, Water Vapor Adsorption Measurement, and Octane Adsorption BET Measurement.
Gas Sorption Analyzer
ASAP 2020 gas sorption analyzer
TI-SA+ vapor sorption analyzer
water vapor sorption analyzer (TA Instruments)
A parameter specifying paper reports reactant flows in mL/min; ontology contains MassFlowRate but not volumetric flow rate.
Gas Volumetric Flow Rate
cc/min
gas flow rate
gas flow rate (mL/min)
A parameter specifying gasket thickness used to characterize MEAAssembly Process.
PTFE gaskets
Gasket Thickness
Instrument for GPC measurements; not found in ontology.
Gel Permeation Chromatography Instrument
GPC
GPC used to determine PBI molecular weight distribution; not found in ontology.
Gel Permeation Chromatography Measurement
gel permeation chromatography
A parameter specifying time when storage modulus equals loss modulus during UV curing, indicating onset of shape retention (12–14 s).
Gel Point Time
G′=G″
intersection point time
A normalization basis corresponding to geometric area and used as the reference basis for reporting quantitative results or properties.
Geometric Area
active area (geometric)
printed area
Metadata corresponding to geometric area and used to describe the provenance, identity, or context of another resource.
A material entity corresponding to a geopolymer ink and used as an input in Direct Ink Writing.
Geopolymer Ink
geopolymer slurry
paste (ink)
3D printed (DIW) geopolymer lattice body used as heterogeneous alkaline catalyst for biodiesel transesterification.
Geopolymer Lattice Catalyst
geopolymer lattice
structured catalyst
Ground geopolymer powder of same composition used as filler to tune rheology/printability.
Geopolymer Powder Filler
filler particulate
geopolymer powder
Working electrode substrate (glassy carbon disk) used in RDE measurements.
Glassy Carbon Disk Electrode
glassy carbon (GC) disk electrode
glassy carbon disk
glassy carbon electrode
A property denoting gloss and determined in Gloss Measurement.
Gloss
A measurement process that uses gloss measurement to determine Gloss using Gloss Meter.
Gloss Measurement
gloss meter
Gloss meter instrument used to measure gloss (60°) of printed films (Section 2.4.1.6).
Gloss Meter
BIUGED BGD 514 gloss meter (60°)
A material entity used for glucose.
Glucose
D(+)-glucose
A parameter specifying glucose concentration used to characterize MEAPolarization.
Glucose Concentration
High-boiling solvent used as main ink solvent in decal-transfer catalyst ink.
Glycerol
d8-glycerol
glycerin
glycerol additive
Monomer component used in DLP elastomer and DIW photocurable ink.
Glycidyl Methacrylate
A material entity corresponding to a gold nanoparticle ink and used as an input in Inkjet Printing Process.
Gold Nanoparticle Ink
AuNP ink
gold ink
An instrument corresponding to a gold plated probes and used in Through Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement.
Gold Plated Probes
A property denoting characteristic grain/crystallite size estimated from XRD using Scherrer formula (reported ~5 nm for β-SiC at 1600°C).
Grain Size
crystallite size
A property denoting fraction of analyzed flakes that are few-layer graphene.
Graphene Few Layer Fraction
few-layer fraction
few-layer fraction (2–10 layers)
A property denoting lateral size of graphene flakes (reported range 0.5–15 µm for sawdust-derived graphene).
Graphene Flake Lateral Size
flake size
lateral size (µm)
A property denoting thickness of individual graphene flakes from AFM (typically ~1 nm for monolayer).
Graphene Flake Thickness
monolayer thickness
A property denoting mass yield of biomass-derived graphene flakes from biomass precursor.
Graphene Flake Yield
yield (wt%)
A property denoting aFM step height per graphene layer (approx. 0.37 nm).
Graphene Layer Step Height
step height
A property denoting fraction of analyzed flakes that are monolayer graphene.
Graphene Monolayer Fraction
monolayer fraction
Carbon catalyst used in catalyst-coated membrane electrodes; compared against Vulcan XC-72R carbon black.
Graphene Nanoplatelets
Cheap Tubes Inc. graphene nanoplatelets
few-layer graphene
graphene flakes
Graphene oxide flakes used as rheology modifier and graphitizable precursor in the printing ink; not found in ontology.
Graphene Oxide
A parameter specifying mass ratio of graphene oxide to lignin in the ink/printed structure precursor (values: 15/85, 30/70, 50/50, 70/30, 100/0).
Graphene Oxide To Lignin Mass Ratio
GO/lignin ratio
initial GO/lignin ratio
Graphite plates with flow fields forming single cell hardware.
Graphite Bipolar Plate
flow field plates
graphite plates
A material entity corresponding to a graphite ink suspension and used as an input in Rheology Measurement and Laser Diffraction Scattering Particle Size Measurement.
Graphite Ink Suspension
graphite/water/ethanol suspension
A material entity used for graphite oxide.
Graphite Oxide
Graphite powder used as conductive component of the conductive ink.
Graphite Powder
Natural flake graphite
synthetic graphite powder
An instrument corresponding to a graphite rod counter electrode and used in Cyclic Voltammetry.
Graphite Rod Counter Electrode
graphite rod counter
A material entity corresponding to a graphite sheet and used as an input in Ionomer Coating Simulation.
Graphite Sheet
graphite surface
graphitized carbon sheet
A material entity corresponding to a graphite sheet with carboxylate groups and used as an input in Ionomer Coating Simulation.
Graphite Sheet With Carboxylate Groups
COO− groups
graphite sheet with 64 ionized carboxylate groups
A property denoting percent contribution of graphitic/aliphatic carbon component in C 1s XPS deconvolution.
Graphitic Carbon Fraction Percent
Cgr
A property denoting graphitic crystallite size la and determined in Raman Spectroscopy Measurement.
Graphitic Crystallite Size La
crystallite size La
in-plane crystallite size
A property denoting graphitic crystallite stacking size lc and determined in X Ray Diffraction Measurement.
Graphitic Crystallite Stacking Size Lc
crystallite stacking size
A property denoting percent of N 1s assigned to graphitic nitrogen (XPS deconvolution).
Graphitic Nitrogen Fraction Percent
Ngr
graphitic N
A property denoting graphitic plane orientation order parameter and determined in X Ray Diffraction Measurement.
Graphitic Plane Orientation Order Parameter
order parameter
A property denoting graphitic planes per crystallite and determined in X Ray Diffraction Measurement.
Graphitic Planes Per Crystallite
Lc/d(002)
planes per crystallite
A property denoting gravimetric specific capacitance (F/g) measured for OP-AC in 0.1 M H2SO4 from CV curves; distinct from area-specific double-layer capacitance.
Gravimetric Specific Capacitance
capacitance (F g^-1)
specific capacitance
specific capacitance (F g−1)
Specific airbrush feed mechanism used for spray coating; compared against suction-feed type.
Gravity Feed Airbrush
gravity-fed airbrush
Roll-to-roll printing/coating method for catalyst inks; discussed in context of scalable manufacturing.
Gravure Coating
Grid LSTM recurrent neural network architecture used for degradation prediction.
Grid LSTM Model
Grid LSTM
A property denoting dimension/shape variable from Guinier–Porod model fitting indicating aggregate dimensionality (globular vs rodlike); reported ~0.01.
Guinier Porod Dimension Variable
dimension variable
dimension variable (Guinier–Porod)
A property denoting authors report anode 'ECSA' in units of mA·V·cm^-2 from H2 desorption peak integration; likely proportional to charge density (needs curation).
H 2 Desorption Peak Integral Current Density
H2 desorption peak area
H2 desorption peak integral
A parameter specifying molar ratio H2O/Al2O3 in geopolymer formulation.
H 2 O Al 2 O 3 Molar Ratio
H2O/Al203
H2O/Al2O3
Hydroxylated sulfonated PEEK (DS~64%) in Na-salt form; used as cathode ionomer.
HOSPEEK 64
Na+HO-SPEEK-64
A property denoting potential at which current reaches half of limiting value in ORR LSV (RDE).
Half Wave Potential
A property denoting change in HalfWavePotential after accelerated durability test (ADT) potential cycling; reported here as mV shift.
Half Wave Potential Shift After ADT
E1/2 shift after 3000 cycles
half-wave potential shift
negative shift in half-wave potentials
A property denoting half wave potential shift relative to nafion and determined in Accelerated Stress Test Voltage Cycling.
Half Wave Potential Shift Relative To Nafion
E1/2 shift vs Nafion
positive shift of half-wave potential
A measurement process that uses hall effect measurement to determine Hall Mobility, In Plane Electronic Conductivity, and Lateral Electronic Resistance using Hall Measurement System.
Hall Effect Measurement
Hall measurement
System used for Hall mobility, conductivity, and sheet resistance testing.
Hall Measurement System
Lake Shore 8400 Hall system
A property denoting carrier Hall mobility measured by Hall system on graphene film/pellet.
Hall Mobility
Natural aluminosilicate clay mineral (Al2Si2O5(OH)4·2H2O) used as a template to direct porous carbon morphology.
Halloysite Nanoclay
halloysite template
tubular halloysite
A property denoting hamaker constant used for van der Waals interaction energy in DLVO-type model.
Hamaker Constant
Hamaker coefficient
Hamaker coefficient A
A property denoting hansen solubility parameter (dispersion component) in MPa^0.5.
Hansen Solubility Parameter Dispersion
A property denoting hansen solubility parameter (hydrogen-bonding component) in MPa^0.5.
Hansen Solubility Parameter Hydrogen Bonding
A property denoting hansen solubility parameter (polar component) in MPa^0.5.
Hansen Solubility Parameter Polar
Used for thermal curing/sintering of conductive ink layers (~120°C).
Heat Gun
Custom heated vacuum hold-down stage (90°C) to keep PEM flat and accelerate solvent evaporation during ink deposition.
Heated Vacuum Table
vacuum table assembly
A parameter specifying heating rate used in thermogravimetric experiments.
Heating Rate
heating rate (°C/min)
ramp rate
temperature ramp rate
A parameter specifying vertical step size/resolution used in 3D surface scan.
Height Step Size
A material entity corresponding to a helium.
Helium
helium gas
Helium pycnometer used to measure apparent and true (skeleton) density of lattice samples.
Helium Pycnometer
gas pycnometer
helium gas pycnometer
A parameter specifying henrys coefficient used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Henrys Coefficient
Henry's coefi cient
Low-vapor-pressure alcohol additive used to adjust ink surface tension (5 wt%).
Heptanol
Solvent listed for surface tension comparison.
Hexane
n-hexane
Hexylamine solvent used in mixed-solvent CQD inks.
Hexylamine
A parameter specifying potential conversion offset used by authors to convert Hg/HgO reference to RHE scale (paper-specific value).
Hg Hg O To RHE Offset
A parameter specifying model hyperparameter: number of hidden neurons in the network layer(s).
Hidden Neuron Number
hidden neurons
A property denoting ohmic/HFR concept in RQ (discussed conceptually).
High Frequency Resistance
HFR
ohmic resistance
single cell resistance
High-pressure homogenizer dispersion method; not present as a named process in ontology.
High Pressure Homogenization
high pressure homogenizer
homogenizer
Device for high-pressure homogenization of ink; not present as named Instrument in ontology.
High Pressure Homogenizer
High-shear mixing device (e.g., rotating blade up to 20,000 rpm); not present as named Instrument in ontology.
High Shear Mixer
Turrax mixer T25
mechanical mixer
rotor-stator mixer
High-shear mechanical dispersion method; not present as a named process in ontology.
High Shear Mixing
high shear mixer
mechanical mixing
High-speed camera used to capture pillar formation.
High Speed Video Camera
Dataset of recorded high-speed video frames during printing.
High Speed Video Dataset
high-speed video frames
High-speed video imaging of pillar formation dynamics during vertical printing.
High Speed Video Imaging Measurement
high-speed video
real-time analysis via high-speed camera
A material entity used for high temperature PEMFC.
High Temperature PEMFC
HT-PEMFC
high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell
high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
An instrument corresponding to a high-voltage power supply and used in electrospray deposition and microelectrode water electrolyzer polarization measurement.
High Voltage Power Supply
high-voltage power supply (Glassman MJ30P0400-11)
A parameter specifying soak/hold time at peak temperature during sintering.
Hold Time
hold at temperature
hot-press time
pressing time
Carbon support synthesized by hydrothermal process; used as support for PtRu.
Hollow Carbon Sphere
HCS
A parameter specifying rotor–stator homogenizer rotational speed used during ink mixing (15000 rpm).
Homogenization Speed
homogenizer speed
A parameter specifying temperature during homogenization/mixing of catalyst ink (room temperature, 23°C).
Homogenization Temperature
A property denoting homogenization temperature.
homogenization achieved
Gas hot blower used for heating capillary during in situ XRD.
Hot Blower
An instrument corresponding to a hot plate and used in Spray Coating.
Hot Plate
An instrument corresponding to a hot press and used in MEAAssembly Process, Hot Pressing, and Decal Transfer.
flat hot-press
flat-press
hot-press machine
Hot Press
A parameter specifying hot press force used to characterize Hot Pressing.
Hot Press Force
A parameter specifying hot press pressure used to characterize MEAAssembly Process, Hot Press, and Hot Pressing.
Hot Press Pressure
hot press pressure/force per area
pressing pressure
transfer pressure
A parameter specifying hot press temperature used to characterize MEAAssembly Process, Hot Press, and Hot Pressing.
Hot Press Temperature
hot-pressing temperature
pressing temperature
transfer temperature
A parameter specifying hot press time used to characterize MEAAssembly Process, Hot Press, and Hot Pressing.
Hot Press Time
hot-pressing time
transfer time
Manufacturing step transferring printed catalyst layer onto membrane using hot press.
Hot Pressing
hot press
hot-pressed
pressed
A parameter specifying equilibration time after RH change: 2 h.
Humidifier Equilibration Time
conditioning time
A parameter specifying humidifier temperature for cathode gas humidification.
Humidifier Temperature
bubbler temperature
humidification temperature
humidification water bath temperature
Humidity sensor used to monitor RH in measurement setups (±3% accuracy stated).
Humidity Sensor
DHT22 humidity sensor
A measurement process that uses humidity sweep measurement to determine Cell Voltage using Fuel Cell Test Cell and Gas Humidification Unit.
Humidity Sweep Measurement
humidity response measurement
humidity sweeps
relative humidity sweeps
Integrated process combining DLP printing with DIW printing in a single platform/job.
Hybrid DLPDIW Printing
hybrid 3D printing system
hybrid multi-material 3D printing
A property denoting hydration number lambda and determined in Membrane Swelling Measurement.
Hydration Number Lambda
hydration number λ
Fuel molecule (hydrazine/hydrazine hydrate) used in alkaline hydrazine fuel cell tests.
Hydrazine
hydrazine hydrate
A parameter specifying hydrazine (N2H4) concentration in alkaline anolyte feed.
Hydrazine Concentration
A material entity corresponding to a hydrocarbon ionomer and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Hydrocarbon Ionomer
HC ionomer
sulfonated hydrocarbon polymer
Acid catalyst for hydrolysis/condensation during sol-gel modification of MK with TMSPM.
Acid used for etching/removing residual Fe species (immersed three times).
Acid used for vermiculite acid-leaching to synthesize SN.
Hydrochloric Acid
concentrated hydrochloric acid
A parameter specifying hydrochloric acid concentration used to characterize Acid Etching Process.
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration
HCl concentration
A property denoting the hydrodynamic diameter of dispersed particles or aggregates as determined by dynamic light scattering.
Hydrodynamic Diameter
D_h
average aggregate diameter
hydrodynamic diameter (DLS)
A property denoting hydrodynamic radius of ionomer/catalyst aggregates measured by dynamic light scattering.
Hydrodynamic Radius
R_h
hydrodynamic radius (DLS)
hydrodynamic radius distribution
Hydrofluoric acid used to etch/remove silica template after pyrolysis.
Hydrofluoric Acid
A material entity corresponding to a hydrogen and used as an input in MEAPolarization, Cyclic Voltammetry, and Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement.
Hydrogen
hydrogen gas
A property denoting computed hydrogen-bonding energy between polymer and phosphoric acid (DFT).
Hydrogen Bonding Energy
EH-bonding
H-bonding energy
A property denoting limiting current density measured by LSV under H2/N2 to quantify hydrogen crossover flux.
Hydrogen Crossover Current Density
H2 crossover current density
crossover current density
hydrogen crossover limiting current
A parameter specifying constant used in ECSA calculation from CV; review gives Γ = 210 μC cm−2_Pt (Section 6.1.2).
Hydrogen Monolayer Charge Density On Pt
charge required to reduce monolayer of protons on Pt
A parameter specifying constant charge density for H oxidation on smooth Pt used in ESA calculation (Eq. 1).
Hydrogen Oxidation Charge Constant
A property denoting gas permeability of polymer film to H2 (Barrer).
Hydrogen Permeability
H2 permeability
H₂ permeability
Oxidant/electron supplier added in photocatalytic degradation experiments to generate radicals.
Hydrogen Peroxide
A parameter specifying volume of H2O2 added to photodegradation reaction as oxidant/electron donor.
Hydrogen Peroxide Volume
Activation method with H2 pumping (H2 at anode, inert at cathode, external power) to induce H2 evolution at cathode.
Hydrogen Pumping Activation
hydrogen pumping
A parameter specifying hydrogen feed purity as given for the aging experiments.
Hydrogen Purity
In-situ H2 reduction step prior to DRM testing (e.g., 850 °C, 10% H2/Ar).
Hydrogen Reduction
catalyst reduction
hydrogen co-reduction
reduced in situ by hydrogen
A property denoting stoichiometric H2 consumed per mol furfural during reaction (from flow-meter normalization).
Hydrogen Uptake Per Furfural
absorbed hydrogen (mol H2/mol furfural)
mol H2/mol furfural
A parameter specifying hydrogen volumetric flow rate used to characterize Cyclic Voltammetry, Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement, and Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Hydrogen Volumetric Flow Rate
hydrogen flow
hydrogen flow rate
Acid additive reported to assist solution-phase ligand exchange.
Hydroiodic Acid
A property denoting hydrolysis rate through membrane during conversion of sulfonyl fluoride to sulfonic acid groups.
Hydrolysis Rate
A parameter specifying dimensionless factor indicating how much slower hydrolysis/acidification is at 25°C vs 75°C (as reported).
Hydrolysis Rate Slowdown Factor
A material entity corresponding to a hydrophilic catalyst ink and used as an input in Spray Coating.
Hydrophilic Catalyst Ink
Pt–C/Nafion catalyst ink solution
catalyst ink solutions
ink with Nafion
A material entity used for hydrophobic catalyst ink.
Hydrophobic Catalyst Ink
Hydrothermal synthesis used to prepare MoS2 nanosheets and as part of hybrid synthesis.
Hydrothermal Synthesis Process
An material entity used for I 2 ionomer.
I 2 Ionomer
Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer used to quantify Pt for loading determination.
ICPAES Instrument
ICP instrument
ICP-AES
ICP elemental analysis used to quantify Ni content.
ICP Elemental Analysis Measurement
ICP
ICP elemental analysis
ICP measurement
Instrument for inductively coupled plasma elemental analysis.
ICP Instrument
A parameter specifying ircompensation fraction used to characterize Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
IRCompensation Fraction
A property denoting fTIR wavenumber position of Nafion sulfonate (-SO3-) asymmetric stretching peak.
IRSO 3 Stretching Peak Wavenumber
An instrument corresponding to an ilastik software.
Ilastik Software
Ilastik
A parameter specifying diameter of focused illumination beam used in high-speed imaging setup.
Illumination Beam Diameter
beam diameter
light beam diameter
2D image analysis on fracture surfaces to quantify pore major/minor axes and pore area fraction.
Image Analysis Pore Measurement
ImageJ pore size analysis
fracture surface pore measurement
A parameter specifying image height in pixels for recorded frames.
Image Height Pixels
image height
A parameter specifying image width in pixels for recorded frames.
Image Width Pixels
image width
Biological assay to quantify cell adhesion/composition on substrates (e.g., astrocyte fraction and morphology).
Immunofluorescence Cytocompatibility Assay
cytocompatibility assay
A dataset containing impedance data generated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic, and Proton Conductivity Measurement.
Impedance Dataset
EIS spectra dataset
H2/N2 impedance spectra
A property denoting impedance modulus slope K and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
Impedance Modulus Slope K
A material entity corresponding to an impregnated support and produced in Catalyst Impregnation.
Impregnated Support
A parameter specifying impregnation cycles used to characterize Catalyst Impregnation.
Impregnation Cycles
A measurement process that determines the in-plane effective oxygen diffusion coefficient from radial oxygen-transport measurements using a fiber-optic oxygen probe and generating oxygen concentration time-series data.
In Plane Effective Diffusivity Measurement
radial in-plane effective diffusivity measurement
A property denoting in plane electronic conductivity and determined in Four Probe Resistance Measurement, Review Statement Extraction, and In Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement.
In Plane Electronic Conductivity
Catalyst support Electornic conductivity
electrical conductivity
σ_cl
A measurement process that uses in plane electronic conductivity measurement to determine In Plane Electronic Conductivity using Micro Ohm Meter and Digital Multimeter and generating Conductivity Dataset.
In Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement
electrical conductivity measurement
in-plane conductivity test
resistance measurement
A property denoting incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (spectral quantum efficiency) of DSSC.
Incident Photon To Current Efficiency
IPCE
Spectral responsivity measurement (IPCE vs wavelength) for DSSC.
Incident Photon To Current Efficiency Measurement
IPCE measurement
incident photon-to-current efficiency
A parameter specifying incubation duration during rebinding experiments.
Incubation Time
A property denoting inductance L and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
Inductance L
Infrared camera used to measure stack temperature.
Infrared Camera
A measurement process that uses infrared thermometry measurement to determine Temperature and Operating Temperature using Thermometer and Infrared Camera.
Infrared Thermometry Measurement
IR thermometer measurement
infrared camera temperature measurement
infrared thermometry
A property denoting initial catalytic activity loss percent and determined in Review Statement Extraction.
Initial Catalytic Activity Loss Percent
Loss in initialcataytio activity
loss in initial catalytic activity
A parameter specifying initial membrane water content prior to cold start (dimensionless).
Initial Membrane Water Content Lambda
initial membrane water content λ
λ_initial
A parameter specifying initiator (potassium persulfate) concentration used for free-radical polymerization.
Initiator Concentration
KPS concentration
A parameter specifying ink aging time used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation and Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement.
aging time
stability test time
storage time
Ink Aging Time
A parameter specifying total prepared ink batch volume (Co-HDT + Ni-BT in toluene).
Ink Batch Volume
Ink volume
A measurement process that uses ink composition specification to determine Sample Mass, Water Mass Fraction In Ink, and Isopropanol Mass Fraction In Ink.
Ink Composition Specification
catalyst ink composition
ink composition
sample specifications
Degassing/deaeration step during catalyst ink preparation (4 min in MAZERUSTAR KK-250S).
Ink Degassing
A parameter specifying ink dilution ratio used for DLS measurements (volume basis).
Ink Dilution Ratio
dilution ratio
A parameter specifying volume of ink deposited on gold electrode for electrochemical tests.
Ink Drop Volume
aliquot volume
Extrusion-based additive manufacturing step producing microfilaments from powder inks.
Ink Extrusion Process
A measurement process for ink formulation measurement.
Ink Formulation Measurement
formulation of printing ink
ink formulation
Specification of DIW ink formulations: volume fractions of SMP-10, ZrB2, and SiC fiber; plus average chopped fiber length.
Ink Formulation Specification
A measurement process that uses ink formulation specification measurement to determine Component Mass, Component Volume, and Component Weight Percent.
Ink Formulation Specification Measurement
ink formulation parameters
A parameter specifying mechanical stirring speed for ink mixing.
Ink Mixing Speed
mixing speed
stirring speed
A parameter specifying mechanical stirring time for ink mixing.
Ink Mixing Time
mixing time
stirring time
Occurs when Nafion solution or isopropyl alcohol contacts dry Pt/C during ink preparation; reported to cause exothermic 'burning reaction' leading to Pt nanoparticle agglomeration and reduced BET surface area/ECSA.
Ink Preparation Burning Reaction
burning reaction
purposely burning reaction
A measurement process that uses ink printability assessment to determine Printability Z Number.
Ink Printability Assessment
printability assessment
Tabulated composition of catalyst inks (Pt/C, Nafion, PTFE) used for catalyst layer fabrication.
Ink Recipe Definition
A parameter specifying ink solvent volume used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Ink Solvent Volume
IPA volume
isopropanol volume
Semi-empirical colloidal-interaction model used to calculate stability ratio and predicted stability times.
Ink Stability Model Calculation
A property denoting time until visible phase separation/settling (experimental) or until threshold aggregate size (model).
Ink Stability Time
phase separation time
settling time
stability time
A property denoting ink storage stability duration and determined in Review Statement Extraction.
Ink Storage Stability Duration
ink stability
ink stability duration
storage stability
A parameter specifying ink storage/aging duration used when discussing shelf-life and dispersion stability; not present as named Parameter in ontology.
Ink Storage Time
A manufacturing process for ink ultrasonication using Catalyst Ink, Pt Ru On Carbon Catalyst, and Isopropanol with Ultrasonicator and Ultrasonic Bath and producing Catalyst Ink.
ultrasonic bath
ultrasonic mixing
ultrasonicated
Ink Ultrasonication
A parameter specifying ink water volume used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Ink Water Volume
water volume
An instrument corresponding to an inkjet printer and used in Inkjet Printing and Inkjet Printing Process.
Inkjet Printer
Dimatix DMP-2811 printer
Dimatix printer
piezo driven ink jet printer
Digital printing method requiring controlled ink rheology and particle size to avoid nozzle clogging.
Inkjet Printing
digital printing
ink-jet
Drop-on-demand inkjet printing process used to print QD dot arrays.
Inkjet Printing Process
DOD inkjet printer
inkjet printing
A parameter specifying smallest feature size / placement precision claimed for inkjet printing in this context (µm).
Inkjet Printing Spatial Resolution
A property denoting inter agglomerate pore size and determined in Literature Microstructure Compilation, X Ray Computed Tomography Imaging, and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement.
Inter Agglomerate Pore Size
secondary pore size
A property denoting inter crystallite distance and determined in Reported Material Property.
Inter Crystallite Distance
inter-particle distance
A property denoting temperature at which interdiffusion between metallic phases is first observed (e.g., Fe-Ni interdiffusion forming fcc-(Fe,Ni)).
Interdiffusion Onset Temperature
Planar interdigitated microelectrode array used for thin-film conductivity and microelectrolyzer experiments.
Interdigitated Electrode Array
interdigitated electrodes
A property denoting interfacial resistance.
Interfacial Resistance
R_interfacial
dissolution resistance
gas–ionomer interface resistance
A property denoting crystallographic interlayer spacing measured from HR-TEM lattice fringes.
Interlayer Spacing
d-spacing
A property denoting intermediate relaxation resistance R 0 and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
Intermediate Relaxation Resistance R 0
A property denoting internal current density term in Eq. (1) polarization curve model.
Internal Current Density
i_n
A property denoting interplanar lattice spacing measured from HRTEM (e.g., ~0.2 nm for Pd (200) planes).
Interplanar Lattice Spacing
interplanar spacing
lattice spacing
A property denoting interplanar spacing (e.g., d(002)) measured from HRTEM or XRD.
Interplanar Spacing
A parameter specifying intrinsic viscosity parameter from Krieger–Dougherty fit to high-shear relative viscosity data.
Intrinsic Viscosity
Electrolyte containing iodide/triiodide redox couple and additives in 3-methoxypropionitrile.
Iodide Triiodide Redox Electrolyte
I3-/I- electrolyte
iodine redox couple
redox electrolyte
A property denoting iodine value and determined in Iodine Value Measurement.
Iodine Value
A measurement process that uses iodine value measurement to determine Iodine Value.
Iodine Value Measurement
iodine value
iodine value determination
A parameter specifying ion exchange capacity used to characterize Limiting Current Measurement.
Ion Exchange Capacity
HNN4
HNN9
IEC
A measurement process that uses ion exchange capacity measurement to determine Ion Exchange Capacity.
Ion Exchange Capacity Measurement
IEC measurement
An material entity used for ionic liquid additive.
Ionic Liquid Additive
ionic liquid
A property denoting catalyst-layer ionic resistance derived from high-frequency impedance analysis at low current density.
Ionic Resistance
ionic resistance of catalyst layer
A parameter specifying ionic strength of the ink dispersion medium (assumed salt-free; approximated by [H+]).
Ionic Strength
A property denoting maximum first-layer Nafion adsorption per substrate mass from Langmuir fit.
Ionomer Adsorption Capacity Per Mass
maximum adsorption capacity (mg/mg)
Γmax
A property denoting maximum first-layer Nafion adsorption normalized by BET surface area.
Ionomer Adsorption Capacity Per Surface Area
maximum adsorption per unit surface area (mg/m²)
Γ'max
Quantifies Nafion adsorption on CB and Pt/C surfaces vs equilibrium concentration; Langmuir fits yield KL and Γmax.
Ionomer Adsorption Isotherm Measurement
Nafion adsorption isotherm
adsorption isotherm measurement
adsorption ratio measurement
Determination of fraction of ionomer adsorbed onto Pt/C by filtering ink, drying supernatant, and weighing.
Ionomer Adsorption Rate Measurement
adsorption rate measurement
ionomer adsorption into Pt/carbon
A property denoting ionomer adsorption rate on pt carbon and determined in Ionomer Adsorption Rate Measurement.
Ionomer Adsorption Rate On Pt Carbon
adsorption rate of ionomer on Pt/carbon
A property denoting dimensionless ratio of ionomers adsorbed on Pt/C: Γ = (Cp0 - Cp)/Cp0 (Eq. 2).
Ionomer Adsorption Ratio
I (ionomer adsorption ratio)
adsorption ratio
ionomer adsorption
A property denoting ionomer aggregate diameter and determined in Molecular Dynamics Simulation.
Ionomer Aggregate Diameter
aggregate diameter
cylindrical ionomer diameter
ionomer aggregate size
A property denoting dimensionless ratio comparing ionomer aggregate sizes between two solvent conditions (e.g., water vs dipropylene glycol).
Ionomer Aggregate Size Ratio
aggregate size ratio
Computational step that applies a constant-thickness ionomer film to carbon to meet a target I/C ratio.
Ionomer Coating Simulation
ionomer adsorption simulation
ionomer coating
ionomer coating step
A property denoting ionomer connected electrochemically active surface area and determined in Carbon Monoxide Stripping Voltammetry.
Ionomer Connected Electrochemically Active Surface Area
ECSA_ionomer
Pt surface in contact with ionomer
ionomer connected ECSA
A parameter specifying intercept term in the ionomer surface coverage correlation (Eq. 4).
Ionomer Coverage Intercept
coverage intercept
A parameter specifying coefficient multiplying ln(R_I/C) in the empirical/simulation correlation for ionomer surface coverage (Eq. 4).
Ionomer Coverage Ln Coefficient
A property denoting fraction/percent of carbon surface covered by ionomer inferred from EIS double-layer capacitance with CO blocking.
Ionomer Coverage On Carbon
ionomer coverage on C
A property denoting fraction/percent of Pt surface covered by ionomer inferred from EIS double-layer capacitance with CO blocking.
Ionomer Coverage On Platinum
ionomer coverage on Pt
A parameter specifying mass fraction of ionomer in the supplied dispersion (wt.%).
Ionomer Dispersion Mass Fraction
diluted ionomer dispersion
ionomer dispersion
ionomer dispersion content
A measurement process that uses ionomer dispersion property compilation to determine Alcohol Mass Fraction In Solvent Mixture, Ion Exchange Capacity, and Ionomer Dispersion Mass Fraction and generating Ionomer Dispersion Property Dataset.
Ionomer Dispersion Property Compilation
ionomer dispersion solutions
A dataset containing ionomer dispersion property data generated by Ionomer Dispersion Property Compilation.
Ionomer Dispersion Property Dataset
Table 1 dataset
ionomer dispersion table
A parameter specifying ionomer equivalent weight used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation, Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation, and Ionomer Coating Simulation.
Aquivion
equivalent weight
Ionomer Equivalent Weight
Thin ionomer film coating Pt/C agglomerates in cathode catalyst layer; provides additional O2 transport resistance in low-Pt cells.
Ionomer Film
Nafion film
thin ionomer film
A property denoting ionomer film O2 transport resistivity (units s cm^-1) defined in Nomenclature and computed via single-pore model (Eq. for \mathcal{R}_N).
Ionomer Film Oxygen Transport Resistivity
R_N
ionomer film O2 transport resistivity
oxygen transport resistivity
A parameter specifying ionomer film resistance exponent D used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Ionomer Film Resistance Exponent D
A parameter specifying ionomer film resistance prefactor C used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Ionomer Film Resistance Prefactor C
interfacial resistance prefactor
ionomer film resistance C
A property denoting thickness of ionomer film covering catalyst particles or supports (nm scale).
Ionomer Film Thickness
Nafion film thickness
ionomer layer thickness
A property denoting mean interparticle distance between PFSA ionomer nanoparticles estimated from the SANS correlation peak (d=2π/q).
Ionomer Inter Particle Distance
Nafion ionomer inter-NP distance
inter-NP distance
interparticle distance (d)
A normalization basis corresponding to ionomer mass and used as the reference basis for reporting quantitative results or properties.
Ionomer Mass
Nafion mass (per area)
Nafion mass loading
electrolyte mass
A property denoting radius of gyration (Rg) of the ionomer mass-fractal structure forming the shell/percolating through carbon aggregates (carbon contrast-match).
Ionomer Mass Fractal Radius Of Gyration
Rg of Nafon ionomer mass fractal in
Rg of ionomer mass fractal
A parameter specifying ionomer mass fraction used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement.
Nafion fraction
Y_el
ionomer/catalyst mass ratio 3/7
Ionomer Mass Fraction
Cathode catalyst layer architecture comprising an electrospun PFSA nanofiber mat scaffold alternated with electrosprayed Pt/C + ionomer coating layers.
Ionomer Nanofiber Scaffolding Catalyst Layer
A property denoting ionomer nanoparticle height and determined in Contrast Variation SANSUSANS Measurement.
Ionomer Nanoparticle Height
cylindrical particle height
A property denoting radius of rodlike (cylindrical) PFSA ionomer nanoparticles estimated from SANS cylinder model fits.
Ionomer Nanoparticle Radius
cylinder radius
radius of Nafion ionomer NPs
radius of Nafion ionomer NPs (nm)
A property denoting ionomer-related contribution to pressure-independent transport resistance.
Ionomer Oxygen Transport Resistance Component
R_ionomer
film transport component
ionomer film oxygen transport component
A property denoting fraction of catalyst-layer surface covered by ionomer patches (estimated from SEM images).
Ionomer Patch Surface Coverage
fractional ionomer coverage
ionomer coverage
ionomer patch coverage
A parameter specifying ionomer porosity.
Ionomer Porosity
nanoporous ionomer
A material entity corresponding to an ionomer solution and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation, Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement, and Electron Microscopy Imaging.
HC solution
Pemion solution
Ionomer Solution
A property denoting ionomer thin film permeability.
Ionomer Thin Film Permeability
gas permeability of ionomer film
Π_ionomer
A parameter specifying thickness of PFSA ionomer thin film covering catalyst particles in the cathode catalyst layer (distinct from bulk membrane thickness).
Ionomer Thin Film Thickness
Nafion ionomer film thickness
Nafion thin film thickness
thin film thickness
A parameter specifying ionomer to carbon ratio used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement.
I/C ratio
I/C weight ratio
dry ionomer to carbon ratio
Ionomer To Carbon Ratio
A parameter specifying ionomer to catalyst mass ratio used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation and Ink Formulation Specification Measurement.
Ionomer To Catalyst Mass Ratio
I/Cat
ionomer-to-catalyst ratio
ratio of FAA-3 ionomer to catalyst
A parameter specifying ionomer type used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
PTFE ionomer
PVDF ionomer
Ionomer Type
A parameter specifying ionomer uniformity.
Ionomer Uniformity
uniform ionomer distribution
A parameter specifying ionomer volume fraction used to characterize Limiting Current Measurement, Catalyst Layer Composition Specification, and Areal Water Storage Space.
Ionomer Volume Fraction
ionomer bulk volume fraction
ε_I
ε_m
A parameter specifying ionomer weight percent in catalyst layer.
Ionomer Weight Percent In Catalyst Layer
Photoinitiator used in multiple resins/inks.
Irgacure 819
Photoinitiator listed among materials.
Irgacure Oxe 02
A material entity corresponding to an iridium oxide catalyst and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Iridium Oxide Catalyst
Iridium(IV) oxide catalyst powder
iridium oxide
iridium oxide (IrO2) catalyst particles
Iron acetate precursor used (with cobalt acetate) for FeCo catalyst deposition.
Iron Acetate
A material entity corresponding to an iron III nitrate nonahydrate and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Iron III Nitrate Nonahydrate
Fe salt added during shearing to catalyze carbothermal graphitization.
Iron II Ichloride Hexahydrate
ferric chloride hexahydrate
Active catalyst particles generated from ferritin after thermal treatment; mixture of iron and iron oxide under CVD conditions.
Iron Iron Oxide Catalyst Nanoparticle
iron based catalyst particles
iron/iron oxide catalyst particles
Iron oxide (Fe3O4) used as non-Pt ORR catalyst blended into conductive ink (CIFe).
Iron Oxide Fe 3 O 4
Fe3O4
iron oxide
A parameter specifying visible-light irradiation duration for photocatalytic degradation tests.
Irradiation Time
visible-light irradiation time
Monomer component of DLP elastomer resin.
Isodecyl Acrylate
I.A.
Solvent component in ink/ionomer solutions (1:1 wt% IPA:H2O). Not present as specific solvent term in ontology.
Isopropanol
isopropanol alcohol
isopropanol solvent
isopropyl alcohol
A parameter specifying mass fraction of added isopropanol in the ink formulation (wt.% of total ink).
Isopropanol Mass Fraction In Ink
A parameter specifying description=Volume ratio of isopropanol to water in RRDE catalyst ink solvent mixture (2:1).
Isopropanol To Water Volume Ratio
isopropanol and water ratio 2:1
A parameter specifying volume fraction of isopropanol in the IPA/H2O dispersing medium (DM); varied 10–70 vol% IPA.
Isopropanol Volume Fraction In Solvent Mixture
IPA
IPA volume fraction
Specific solvent used in catalyst ink; not explicitly present as a distinct Matter term in ontology (only as altLabel under generic Solvent).
Isopropyl Alcohol
isopropanol
Dataset of current density versus voltage under illumination.
JV Performance Dataset
Polyether amine (Jeffamine M-2005, MW ~2000 g/mol) used as ring-opening agent to prepare polymeric dispersants (Section 2.1).
Jeffamine M 2005
A parameter specifying molar ratio K2O/Al2O3 in geopolymer formulation.
K 2 O Al 2 O 3 Molar Ratio
K2O/Al203
K2O/Al2O3
A parameter specifying KOH concentration used to characterize MEAPolarization, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, and Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry.
KOH Concentration
M KOH
Pre-conditioning/activation step: immersing GDE in 1 M KOH to exchange ionomer counterions (I− → OH−) prior to ORR tests.
KOH Immersion Activation
Pretreatment step for electrodes and AEM to exchange halide to OH− via soaking in 1 M KOH for 1 h, followed by washing.
KOH Soaking Pretreatment
Polyimide film used as decal substrate.
Kapton Film
Kapton decal substrate
Kapton film (Du Pont)
Kapton®
Karl Fischer titrator instrument used to determine water content (Section 2.3.5).
Karl Fischer Titrator
Metrohm 870 Titrino plus
Conventional porous carbon support (Ketjen Black EC300J) used for Pt/K reference catalysts.
Ketjen Black EC 300 J Carbon Support
EC300J
Ketjen Black EC300J
A material entity used for ketonic resin.
Ketonic Resin
cyclohexanone-formaldehyde resin
A parameter specifying ketonic resin mass used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Ketonic Resin Mass
Ketonic resin
cyclohexanone-formaldehyde resin mass
A property denoting kinetic current normalized to Geometric Area and determined in Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry and Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
i_k
j_k
kinetic current density
Kinetic Current
Household blender used for solvent-free shear mixing of biomass with Fe salt.
Kitchen Blender
kitchen blender (AUX Co.)
A property denoting Knudsen diffusion coefficient of O2 in pores used in Bosanquet equation (cm2/s).
Knudsen Diffusivity
Dik
A parameter specifying Knudsen number (mean free path / pore diameter) used to assess Knudsen diffusion regime.
Knudsen Number
A property denoting knudsen diffusion-related contribution to pressure-independent transport resistance.
Knudsen Oxygen Transport Resistance Component
Knudsen resistance
R_Knudsen
void pore oxygen transport resistance
An instrument corresponding to a kookaburra USANS instrument and used in Contrast Variation SANSUSANS Measurement.
Kookaburra USANS Instrument
Kookaburra USANS instrument (ANSTO)
A data resource used to represent LSTM model.
LSTM Model
LSTM
Calibration standard powder for diffraction setup.
La B 6 Calibration Standard
A material entity corresponding to a la ni O 3 perovskite oxide and used as an input in Cyclic Voltammetry and ICP Elemental Analysis Measurement.
La Ni O 3 Perovskite Oxide
LaNiO3
LaNiO₃
perovskite oxide LaNiO3
A parameter specifying distance between lamp and reaction solution during irradiation.
Lamp To Sample Distance
A property denoting first-layer Langmuir adsorption equilibrium constant from adsorption isotherm fits; unit not explicitly stated in paper.
Langmuir Adsorption Constant
Langmuir constant
equilibrium adsorption constant
A property denoting large pore fraction above 150 nm and determined in FIBSEM Tomography Measurement.
Large Pore Fraction Above 150 nm
Laser diffraction analyzer used in wet mode for particle sizing.
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
LS 13 320 Particle Size Analyzer (Beckman Coulter)
S3500 Microtrac laser diffraction particle size analyzer
Particle size distribution analyzer (Horiba LA-960V2) for carbon support particle size distribution.
Laser Diffraction Scattering Particle Size Measurement
laser diffraction
laser diffraction/scattering particle size analysis
A parameter specifying laser fluence/energy density used in PLD (e.g., 20 J/cm^2).
Laser Fluence
Laser particle sizing to determine powder particle size distribution (D50/median).
Laser Particle Size Measurement
laser diffraction particle size analysis
laser particle sizer
Instrument for laser-based particle size distribution measurement.
Laser Particle Sizer
A parameter specifying laser pulse duration used in PLD (e.g., 18 ns).
Laser Pulse Length
pulse length
A parameter specifying laser repetition rate used in PLD (e.g., 10 Hz).
Laser Repetition Rate
repetition rate
A parameter specifying laser wavelength used in confocal 3D laser scanning microscopy.
Laser Wavelength
excimer laser wavelength
excitation wavelength
λ_laser
A parameter specifying increment in Z used for laser focus scanning in microscopy.
Laser Z Step
focusing height step
z-step
A property denoting in-plane/lateral electronic resistance of dry catalyst layer measured by four-probe I–V method (Ohm).
Lateral Electronic Resistance
electronic resistance
four-probe resistance
lateral resistance
A parameter specifying overall diameter of printed cylindrical lattice (mm).
Lattice Diameter
A property denoting lattice distortion percent.
Lattice Distortion Percent
lattice distortion
lattice parameter distortion
A parameter specifying overall height of printed cylindrical lattice (mm).
Lattice Height
A property denoting fCC lattice parameter determined from XRD peak positions.
Lattice Parameter
fcc lattice parameter
lattice constant a
lattice parameter a
A property denoting macroscopic dimensions of printed/sintered grid structures (e.g., 15×15 mm before; 11.54×11.62 mm after).
Lattice Structure Size
grid size
structure size
A manufacturing process for layer by layer deposition using Catalyst Ink and Proton Exchange Membrane and producing Catalyst Coated Membrane.
Layer-by-Layer Deposition
LBL deposition
layer-by-layer
Lead bromide used as halide source/ligand in solution-phase ligand exchange.
Lead Bromide
Lead iodide used as halide source/ligand in solution-phase ligand exchange.
Lead Iodide
A parameter specifying liCl-to-benzimidazole repeat unit (BI) molar ratio used in DLS solutions.
Li Cl To BI Molar Ratio
[LiCl]/[BI] molar ratio
A parameter specifying li cl to PBI weight ratio.
Li Cl To PBI Weight Ratio
[LiCl]/[PBI] weight ratio
A property denoting ligand mass fraction on QDs inferred from TGA weight loss.
Ligand Density Weight Percent
ligand density (wt%)
total ligand density
total ligand density of MSA capped QD
Process of exchanging native ligands on QDs with MSA; includes stirring and purification.
Ligand Exchange Process
MSA ligand exchange reaction
ligand exchange
surface ligand exchange
A parameter specifying duration of ligand exchange reaction/stirring.
Ligand Exchange Reaction Time
Measurement of DLP projector light intensity using a radiometer/photometer.
Light Intensity Measurement
projector intensity measurement
A parameter specifying lamp power used as visible-light source in photocatalytic experiments.
Light Source Power
lamp power
A material entity corresponding to a lignin graphene oxide ink and used as an input in Rheology Measurement and Direct Ink Writing.
Lignin Graphene Oxide Ink
GO-lignin ink
lignin-GO ink
lignin-graphene oxide solution
A property denoting strain amplitude where G′ deviates by >10% from plateau value (linear viscoelastic limit).
Limit Of Linearity Strain
limit of linearity
limit strain of linearity
Limiting current values and derived O2 transport resistances vs pressure and O2 concentration.
Limiting Current Dataset
Figure S7 limiting current
limiting current data
transport resistance data
A property denoting limiting current density normalized to Geometric Area and determined in Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, and Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
i_L
i_lim
limiting current
Limiting Current Density
A property denoting relative decrease (%) in limiting current density compared with ideal interface contact (e.g., due to MPL/CL interfacial voids).
Limiting Current Density Loss Percent
limiting current density decrease (%)
A property denoting percent loss in LimitingCurrentDensity after ADT potential cycling.
Limiting Current Density Loss Percent After ADT
limiting current density loss
loss in diffusion limiting current density
Limiting current protocol using diluted O2 and voltage sweeps to derive O2 transport resistances.
Limiting Current Measurement
limiting current measurements
oxygen limiting current
A property denoting linear shrinkage and determined in X Ray Computed Tomography Measurement.
Linear Shrinkage
A property denoting linear shrinkage (%) in specimen height from as-cured to pyrolyzed.
Linear Shrinkage Height
shrinkage in height direction
A property denoting linear shrinkage (%) in specimen length from as-cured to pyrolyzed.
Linear Shrinkage Length
shrinkage in length direction
Measurement of linear shrinkage (%) between as-cured and pyrolyzed flexural bars in height/width/length directions.
Linear Shrinkage Measurement
A property denoting linear shrinkage (%) in specimen width from as-cured to pyrolyzed.
Linear Shrinkage Width
shrinkage in width direction
Vertical linear motion stage moving the build platform between DLP and DIW positions.
Linear Stage
vertical z stage
A measurement process that uses linear sweep voltammetry to determine Current Density, Tafel Slope, and Overpotential using Electrochemical Workstation, Potentiostat, and RDERotator and generating Experiment Dataset and Polarization Curve Dataset.
LSV
linear sweep
voltage sweep
Linear Sweep Voltammetry
A property denoting linoleic acid mass fraction and determined in Gas Chromatography Measurement.
Linoleic Acid Mass Fraction
Linoleic fatty acid%
A property denoting linolenic acid mass fraction and determined in Gas Chromatography Measurement.
Linolenic Acid Mass Fraction
Linolenic fatty acid%
A material entity corresponding to a liquid crystal elastomer ink and used as an input in Ink Formulation Specification.
Liquid Crystal Elastomer Ink
LCE ink
Specimen preparation step: plunge/immersion freezing of TEM grids into liquid ethane to vitrify the ink/dispersion and avoid ice-crystal artifacts.
Liquid Ethane Plunge Freezing
immersion freezing into liquid ethane
plunge freezing
rapid freezing by liquid ethane
A parameter specifying liquid volumetric flow rate of anode methanol solution.
Liquid Flow Rate
anode feed flow rate
Cryogenic release step: liquid nitrogen scattered over MEA just before peeling decal substrate to improve transfer yield.
Liquid Nitrogen Freezing Treatment
LN_1–LN_4 treatment
liquid nitrogen freezing method
Exfoliation of SN into few-layer nanosheets using ultrasonication in ethanol.
Liquid Phase Exfoliation Process
liquid–phase exfoliation
Ligand exchange performed in solution phase to create CQD inks (phase transfer approach).
Liquid State Ligand Exchange
solution-phase ligand exchange
A measurement process that uses literature microstructure compilation to determine Carbon Black Particle Size, Catalyst Layer Thickness, and Inter Agglomerate Pore Size.
Literature Microstructure Compilation
review compilation
A measurement process that uses literature review synthesis to determine Micropore Surface Area, Micropore Volume, and Mesopore Volume.
Literature Review Synthesis
literature review
literature synthesis
review synthesis
Not found in ONTOLOGY.jsonld; used as dispersing/foaming agent in catalyst ink.
Lithium Chloride
A property denoting local gas transport resistance normalized to Geometric Area and determined in Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement and Limiting Current Measurement.
Local Gas Transport Resistance
R_Local
local mass transport resistance
local transport resistance
A property denoting local oxygen transport resistance normalized to Geometric Area and determined in Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement.
local O2 diffusion resistance
local O2 diffusion resistance at Pt sites
pressure-independent O2 resistance
Local Oxygen Transport Resistance
A dataset containing local oxygen transport resistance data generated by Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement and Limiting Current Measurement.
Local Oxygen Transport Resistance Dataset
compiled datasets
oxygen transport resistance components dataset
A parameter specifying standard deviation (log-normal) of aggregate diameter distribution; paper states 0.25.
Log Normal Standard Deviation
σ_lognormal
A property denoting loss modulus (G″) characterizing ink viscous dissipation under oscillatory shear.
Loss Modulus
G''
loss modulus G″
viscous modulus
A property denoting fraction of Pt particles in a specified low current-density interval (paper reports 41% in 200–800 A·m_Pt^-2 for structure 2).
Low Activity Pt Particle Fraction
fraction of Pt particles (low activity)
fraction of Pt particles with low activity
A parameter specifying lower limit of potential window for a protocol (V).
Lower Potential Limit
lower limit
lower limit potential
lower potential
An instrument corresponding to a MATLAB software.
MATLAB Software
MATLAB®
A material entity corresponding to a membrane electrode assembly and used as an input in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, fuel-cell polarization measurement, and related electrochemical testing.
MEA
MEA Assembly
A parameter specifying proposed_new_term. paper_context: Fixed gap used during MEA assembly/hot-pressing (e.g., 740 µm or 800 µm).
MEA Assembly Gap
constant gap
hot-press gap
A manufacturing process that assembles membrane electrode assembly components into an MEA using a protonated membrane, anode gas diffusion electrode, cathode gas diffusion electrode, torque wrench, and hot press.
MEA assembly
MEA Assembly Process
Fuel-cell durability/stability measurement in MEA under constant applied voltage (0.4 V) with current monitored vs time.
MEA Durability Measurement
A measurement process that records membrane electrode assembly polarization behavior to determine current density, power density, mass activity, and related electrochemical performance properties under controlled operating conditions.
MEA Polarization
Buffer used during catalyst suspension and rebinding/incubation steps.
MES Buffer
MES
Quantum dots after ligand exchange to 3-mercaptosuccinic acid (carboxyl-terminated surface).
MSA Capped Quantum Dot
MSA capped QD
A parameter specifying mass of MSA ligand added in ligand exchange batch.
MSA Mass
MSA (mg)
A parameter specifying mass fraction of MSA added relative to QD powder mass during ligand exchange.
MSA Weight Percent Of QD Powder
A property denoting macropore diameter and determined in Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement.
Macropore Diameter
macropore size
macropores
A property denoting macropore volume of carbon xerogel normalized by mass (cm³ g⁻¹).
Macropore Volume Per Mass
macropore volume
A parameter specifying applied magnetic field for magneto-electrochemistry.
Magnetic Field Strength
magnetic field
An instrument corresponding to a magnetic stirrer and used in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
magnetic bar
magnetic stirring
stirred
Magnetic Stirrer
Manganese dioxide cathode catalyst (non-precious), mixed with carbon (BP2000) for air cathode.
Manganese Dioxide Catalyst
A property denoting relative throughput factor (e.g., roll-to-roll vs lab spray); not present as named Property in ontology.
Manufacturing Throughput Increase Factor
throughput increase
throughput increase factor
A property denoting mass activity and determined in MEAPolarization, Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, and Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
Mass Activity
A/mg_PGM
ORR mass activity
i_m
A property denoting percent loss of mass activity (durability metric).
Mass Activity Loss Percent
Mass activity loss
An instrument corresponding to a mass flow controller and used in MEAPolarization, Spray Coating, and Fuel Cell Test Station.
MFC
flow controller
gas flow controllers
Mass Flow Controller
A parameter specifying mass flow rate used to characterize MEAPolarization, Cyclic Voltammetry, and PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Mass Flow Rate
mass flow rate H2
nL/min
A property denoting mass fractal dimension from low-q USAXS power-law scaling; higher indicates greater agglomeration.
Mass Fractal Dimension
catalyst ink (nm) fractal dimension
d_f
fractal dimension
A property denoting fractional mass loss during pyrolysis (reported ~30% mass loss in conclusions).
Mass Loss Fraction
mass loss
A property denoting mass to charge ratio and determined in Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Measurement.
Mass To Charge Ratio
m/z
A property denoting empirical mass-transport loss parameter m in Eq. (1): m*exp(n*i).
Mass Transport Loss Parameter M
m (V)
m parameter
A property denoting empirical mass-transport loss parameter n in Eq. (1): m*exp(n*i).
Mass Transport Loss Parameter N
n (cm2/mA)
n parameter
A property denoting mass transport resistance normalized to Geometric Area and determined in Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement, MEAPolarization, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
molecular diffusion resistance
molecular diffusion resistance (secondary pores)
pressure-dependent O2 resistance
Mass Transport Resistance
A property denoting mass transport resistance increase due to local percent.
Mass Transport Resistance Increase Due To Local Percent
share attributed to local resistance
A property denoting mass transport resistance increase percent.
Mass Transport Resistance Increase Percent
% increase
increase in total mass transport resistance
A property denoting percent reduction in fitted mass transport resistance relative to comparator (E-spun vs E-sprayed).
Mass Transport Resistance Reduction Percent
Metadata/specification values reported for purchased materials or substrates (e.g., FTO sheet resistance).
Material Specification
sheet resistance specification
Capture manufacturer-reported or author-reported material specifications (e.g., molecular weight).
Material Specification Measurement
material specification
materials specification
A property denoting maximum N2 adsorption volume (proxy for pore volume).
Max Adsorption Volume Nitrogen
maximum adsorption volume (N2)
A property denoting max adsorption volume water.
Max Adsorption Volume Water
maximum adsorption volume (H2O)
A property denoting maximum current density and determined in MEAPolarization, Microbial Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement, and Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement.
Maximum Current Density
max current density
short circuit current density
A parameter specifying maximum particle volume fraction parameter (φ_max) from Krieger–Dougherty model fit.
Maximum Particle Volume Fraction
maximum volume fraction
φ_max
A property denoting maximum rate of oxide-to-metal conversion derived from normalized XRD peak intensity change (units %/K).
Maximum Reduction Conversion Rate
%/K
maximum conversion rate
A property denoting prediction performance metric: mean absolute percentage error between measured and predicted voltage.
Mean Absolute Percentage Error
MAPE
A property denoting mean fiber orientation angle (degrees) measured from XCT images relative to print direction.
Mean Fiber Orientation Angle
average fiber angle
fiber alignment angle
A property denoting mean flow pore diameter and determined in Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement.
Mean Flow Pore Diameter
A property denoting mean particle size of carbon xerogel powder after grinding, from laser diffraction.
Mean Particle Size
aggregate size
average particle size
particle size
A parameter specifying rheometer plate gap used during measurements.
Measurement Gap
doctor blade gap
gap (rheometer)
gap between plates
Mechanical actuation system used to impose cyclic strain on sensor under simulated physiological conditions.
Mechanical Actuation Bioreactor
CellScale MCT6 bioreactor apparatus
A measurement process that uses membrane area expansion measurement to determine Membrane Area Expansion Percent.
Membrane Area Expansion Measurement
area expansion measurement
A property denoting membrane area expansion percent and determined in Membrane Swelling Measurement and Membrane Area Expansion Measurement.
Membrane Area Expansion Percent
membrane area expansion
A property denoting bulk resistance of membrane/electrolyte from AC impedance with blocking electrodes (ohm).
Membrane Bulk Resistance
bulk resistance
Casting/drying of polymer/filler solution to form membranes.
Membrane Casting Process
A manufacturing process for membrane immobilization on pyrex glass using Proton Exchange Membrane and Pyrex Glass.
Membrane Immobilization On Pyrex Glass
bonded on flat pyrex glass
immobilized on pyrex glass
A parameter specifying thickness of porous surface layer on a PEM (e.g., P-Nafion porous layer ~5 µm).
Membrane Porous Layer Thickness
porous layer thickness
porous layer thickness (membrane)
Measurement of membrane solvent uptake via volumetric swelling ratio after soaking in solvent.
Membrane Swelling Measurement
swelling measurement
swelling ratio measurement
swelling ratio of membrane
A parameter specifying membrane thickness used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, MEAAssembly Process, and PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Membrane Thickness
membrane height
nominal thickness
state-of-the-art membrane
Measurement/record of membrane thickness (e.g., micrometer); reported ~80 µm.
Membrane Thickness Measurement
membrane thickness
membrane thickness spec
thickness measurement
A parameter specifying membrane type used to characterize MEAAssembly Process.
Membrane Type
A property denoting percent change in membrane volume after PA doping.
Membrane Volume Expansion Percent
Thiol additive for ligand engineering to improve ink stability.
Mercaptopropionic Acid
Carboxyl-terminated thiol ligand used to replace native ligands on QD surfaces.
Mercaptosuccinic Acid
Mercury intrusion to quantify larger pore volume (>50 nm) in catalyst layers.
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement
mercury intrusion
mercury intrusion porosimetry
mercury porosimetry
An instrument corresponding to a mercury intrusion porosimetry measurement 3 and used in Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement and Mercury Porosimeter.
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement 3
Mercury Porosimeter
A parameter specifying applied pressure during mercury intrusion porosimetry measurement (min/max).
Mercury Intrusion Pressure
pressure max
pressure min
An instrument corresponding to a mercury mercury oxide reference electrode.
Mercury Mercury Oxide Reference Electrode
Hg/HgO reference electrode
Instrument for mercury intrusion porosimetry
Pascal 240 porosimeter (Thermo Electron – Porotec)
Quantachrome mercury porosimeter
mercury intrusion porosimeter
An instrument corresponding to a mercury sulfate reference electrode and used in Cyclic Voltammetry.
Mercury Sulfate Reference Electrode
Hg/Hg2SO4 reference electrode
A parameter specifying mesopore diameter.
Mesopore Diameter
A property denoting pore volume attributed to mesopores (>2 nm in cited convention); reported/compared in cm^3/g.
Mesopore Volume
Carbon support with mesoporous/nanoporous structure used for Pt/MPC catalysts; large (~1 µm) primary particles.
Mesoporous Carbon Support
MgO-templated mesoporous carbon
mesoporous carbon
Aluminosilicate precursor powder (metakaolin) mixed with activating solution to form geopolymer.
Metakaolin
A property denoting atomic percent of transition metal from XPS survey/high-resolution spectra (as reported).
Metal Atomic Percent
Metal %
A property denoting percent of N 1s assigned to nitrogen coordinated to metal (Nx-M).
Metal Coordinated Nitrogen Fraction Percent
Nx-M
nitrogen coordinated with metal
A parameter specifying mass of alkali metal content per 100 g oil (as basis for comparison to homogeneous catalysts).
Metal Mass Per Oil Mass
A property denoting fraction/percent of metal present as M-Nx coordinated species (as reported).
Metal Nx Fraction Percent
M-Nx
metal-nitrogen coordination fraction
A property denoting fraction/percent of metal present as metal oxides (as reported).
Metal Oxide Fraction Percent
MOx
metal oxides fraction
PowderInk formulated with elemental metallic powders (Fe, Ni, Mo).
Metal Powder Ink
elemental powder ink
metal-based ink
A property denoting fraction/percent of metal present as metallic species in XPS metal spectrum fitting (as reported).
Metallic Metal Fraction Percent
Metal
metallic particles fraction
Methane
A property denoting methane conversion and determined in Dry Reforming Of Methane Performance Measurement.
Methane Conversion
CH4 conversion
X_CH4
A material entity corresponding to a methanol and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation, Linear Sweep Voltammetry, and Solvent Property Lookup.
Methanol
methanol aqueous solution
methanol fuel
methyl alcohol
A parameter specifying methanol molar concentration in anode feed.
Methanol Concentration
MeOH
[CH3OH]
methanol conc.
A parameter specifying methanol molar excess relative to stoichiometric requirement.
Methanol Excess Percent
Electrochemical methanol oxidation measurement used as sensing/electrocatalysis readout.
Methanol Oxidation Reaction Measurement
MOR
A property denoting methanol permeability and determined in Methanol Permeability Measurement.
Methanol Permeability
Measurement of methanol permeability through membrane; method not specified in paper.
Methanol Permeability Measurement
methanol permeability
A parameter specifying methanol-to-oil volume ratio used in reaction (mL methanol per 100 mL oil).
Methanol Volume Per Oil Volume
Butanone/MEK co-solvent used for CQD ink solvent engineering.
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
MEK
Organic dye pollutant used as model stain for self-cleaning photodegradation tests.
Methylene Blue
methylene blue dye
Solvent used to dissolve PLGA and suspend powders in ink.
Methylene Chloride
A material entity used for methylimidazole.
Methylimidazole
Wire-wound rod coating process used to deposit MPL ink onto carbon fiber paper substrate.
Meyer Rod Coating
Meyer rods
bar coating
contact coating
A property denoting magnesium weight percent in LDH (from ICP-AES).
Mg Content Wt
Mg content
wt.% Mg
An instrument corresponding to a micro ohm meter and used in In Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement and Through Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement.
Micro Ohm Meter
Measurement activity to determine Pt loading via μXRF (instrument exists in ontology, measurement class not found).
Micro X Ray Fluorescence Measurement
X-ray fluorescence
X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
An instrument corresponding to a micro X ray fluorescence spectrometer and used in Micro X Ray Fluorescence Measurement and Catalyst Loading Determination.
Micro X Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer
FISCHERSCOPE X-RAY XDV-SDD
XRF spectrometer
micro X-ray fluorescence
Microbalance used to weigh Pt loadings.
Microbalance
Polarization/power-curve measurement of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) from open-circuit voltage to 0 mV, used to compute current density and peak power density.
Microbial Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement
Polarization curves (0–4.5 V) on interdigitated microelectrodes to evaluate ohmic and mass-transport limits of electrolyte thin films.
Microelectrode Water Electrolyzer Polarization Measurement
water-splitting performance on IDE microelectrodes
1D extruded filament (typically <200 μm diameter) printed from powder-loaded ink.
Microfilament
A property denoting diameter of printed/sintered microfilament.
Microfilament Diameter
An instrument corresponding to a micrometer and used in Catalyst Layer Thickness Measurement and Film Thickness Measurement.
Micrometer
Ink dispensing tip used to deposit catalyst-ionomer ink onto membrane in automated deposition system.
Micropipette
glass micropipette tip
micro-pipet
micropipette tip
A property denoting upper bound of reported µm-scale pore size tunability range (10–20 µm).
Micropore Size Max
µm-scale pores max
A property denoting lower bound of reported µm-scale pore size tunability range (10–20 µm).
Micropore Size Min
µm-scale pores min
A property denoting micropore surface area and determined in Literature Review Synthesis.
Micropore Surface Area
A property denoting pore volume attributed to micropores (<2 nm in cited convention); reported/compared in cm^3/g.
Micropore Volume
Carbon/PTFE microporous layer deposited on GDL prior to catalyst layer.
Microporous Layer
microporous coating
microporous layer (middle layer)
Ink precursor used to fabricate microporous layer (carbon black + PTFE suspension + water + surfactant).
Microporous Layer Ink
MPL ink
conductive ink
ink slurry
A parameter specifying microporous layer permeability used to characterize Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Microporous Layer Permeability
KMPL
MPL permeability
A parameter specifying porosity of microporous layer used in water storage calculations.
Microporous Layer Porosity
MPL porosity
porosity of MPL
ε_MPL
A parameter specifying microporous layer presence.
MPL
Microporous Layer Presence
A property denoting through-plane thickness of the microporous layer (MPL) on the macroporous substrate.
Microporous Layer Thickness
MPL thickness
thickness difference between GDM and MPS
Measurement of MPL thickness as thickness difference between coated GDM and uncoated MPS using thickness gauge.
Microporous Layer Thickness Measurement
thickness gauge measurement
A parameter specifying area analyzed by 3D microscopy (~0.25 cm² in the coating center).
Microscopy Measured Area
measured area
measured surface area
Specification of 3D laser scanning microscopy settings (wavelength, z-step, measured area).
Microscopy Protocol Specification
A data resource used to represent microstructure graphitic order table 1.
Microstructure Graphitic Order Table 1
Dataset of microscopy images before/after pyrolysis and at various sintering temperatures.
Microstructure Image Dataset
An instrument corresponding to a milli ohmmeter and used in Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement.
Milli Ohmmeter
Agilent milli-ohmmeter
A parameter specifying diameter of SiC milling media used during ball milling (mm).
Milling Media Diameter
zirconia ball diameter
A property denoting minimum shear storage modulus G' required to keep filament deflection below ~5% (computed from Eq. 1).
Minimum Storage Modulus Requirement
Smay et al. Eq. (1) requirement
Mixed sodium+potassium geopolymer lattice catalyst formulation (3D_Na.K_GP).
Mixed Alkali Geopolymer Lattice
Na+K geopolymer lattice
mixed alkali geopolymer
PGM-free M-N-C catalyst synthesized from Mn nitrate + aminoantipyrine precursor via SSM.
Mn AA Pyr Catalyst
Mn-AAPyr
Molybdenum(VI) oxide powder feedstock used in blended oxide inks.
Mo O 3 Powder
MoO3
MoO₃
Elemental molybdenum powder feedstock used in metal powder inks.
Mo Powder
Catalyst component: graphene-like thin-layer MoS2 nanosheets synthesized hydrothermally.
Mo S 2 Nanosheets
MS nanosheets
MoS2
molybdenum sulphide nanosheets
Bifunctional hybrid catalyst: ultrathin layered MoS2 with interfacially coupled NiFe2O4 nanostructure.
Mo S 2 Ni Fe 2 O 4 Nanohybrid
MoS2@NiFe2O4
MoS2@NiFe2O4 nanohybrids
A property denoting coefficient of determination for Eq. (1) fit.
Model Fit R 2
A parameter specifying molar concentration (e.g., 0.5 M H2SO4).
Molar Concentration
molarity
A property denoting Binary molecular diffusion coefficient of O2 in air used in tortuosity analysis (cm2/s).
Molecular Diffusivity In Air
Dij
binary diffusivity in air
molecular diffusivity
Atomistic molecular dynamics simulation of PFSA ionomer thin films / interfaces (used in review to explain ionomer orientation, confined water, and O2 transport).
Molecular Dynamics Simulation
MD simulation
atomistic molecular dynamics
molecular dynamics
A property denoting molecular weight and determined in Material Specification Measurement and Gel Permeation Chromatography Measurement.
Molecular Weight
PBI molecular weight
PEG molecular weight
Polymer (ionomeric MIP) grafted onto catalyst acting as recognition layer and proton conductor.
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer
MIP
A parameter specifying monomer concentrations used for radical polymerization (in buffer).
Monomer Concentration
DMAEMA concentration
styrene concentration
A property denoting fractional conversion of monomers during polymerization estimated from UV–vis.
Monomer Conversion
Intermetallic μ-phase ((Fe,Ni)7Mo6) formed during Mo dissolution/homogenization.
Mu Phase
μ-phase
An instrument corresponding to a muffle furnace and used in Sintering Process and Thermal Crosslinking.
Muffle Furnace
muffle furnace (Nabertherm GmbH)
multiple catalyst layer architecture with three sublayers (X proton-conduct, Y reaction, Z air-diffusion) used to shift reaction area through-plane
Multiple Catalyst Layer
MCL
A material entity corresponding to a multiwalled carbon nanotube and produced in Water Assisted Low Pressure CVD.
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube
Mythen II X-ray detector array used for synchrotron powder diffraction.
Mythen II Array Detector
Mythen II
A property denoting atomic percent of nitrogen (from N 1s signal) measured by XPS.
N 1 s Atomic Percent
N atomic percent
N-contents
nitrogen atomic percent
Ruthenium dye used to sensitize TiO2 photoanode.
N 719 Dye
A property denoting atomic percent (at.%) ratio of nitrogen to carbon measured by EDX in CNT forests.
NC Atomic Percent
N/C (at.%)
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube frameworks derived from pyrolyzed ZIF-67; used as catalyst support (with or without Pt).
NCNT Fs Support
NCNTFs
A measurement process that uses NMR measurement to determine Degree Of Sulfonation.
NMR Measurement
Solvent used for screen printing and bar coating slurries; not found in ontology
N Methyl 2 Pyrrolidone
N-methylpyrrolidone
Proposed Matter term for 1-propanol used as ink solvent.
N Propanol
OmniSolv n-propanol
n-PA
propyl alcohol
A parameter specifying 1-propanol mass fraction in total ink composition (paper reports wt%).
N Propanol Mass Fraction In Ink
WF_NPA
n-propanol (wt%)
n-propanol fraction
Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped porous carbon nanofibers used as metal-free catalyst.
NSPCN Fs Catalyst
S-P-CNFs
metal-free catalyst (N
A parameter specifying molar ratio Na2O/Al2O3 in geopolymer formulation.
Na 2 O Al 2 O 3 Molar Ratio
Na2O/Al2O3
Specific PFSA membrane grade used as substrate (treated as ProtonExchangeMembrane subtype).
Nafion 211 Membrane
NR211 membrane
Nafion 211
Nafion 211 membranes
A material entity corresponding to a nafion 212 membrane and used as an input in Spray Coating, MEAAssembly Process, and Hot Pressing.
Nafion 212 Membrane
Nafion NR-212
Nafion NR-212 membrane
Nafion-212
A property denoting nafion backbone solubility parameter.
Nafion Backbone Solubility Parameter
solubility parameter of Nafion backbone
δ_backbone
A property denoting Average diameter of electrospun Nafion fibers forming the scaffold mat (SEM-derived).
Nafion Fiber Diameter
A parameter specifying Areal loading of Nafion fibers electrospun onto membrane surface (mass per geometric area).
Nafion Fiber Loading
Nafion fiber loading level
fiber loading level
A material entity corresponding to a nafion fiber mat and produced in Electrospinning Deposition.
Nafion Fiber Mat
Nafion fiber network
Nafion fiber-coated membrane
A property denoting mobility metric for Nafion main chain inferred from 19F NMR peak analysis; numeric values not explicitly stated in text for this paper.
Nafion Main Chain Mobility
main-chain mobility
main-chain mobility (19F NMR)
A property denoting nafion side chain mobility and determined in F 19 NMR Mobility Measurement.
Nafion Side Chain Mobility
kHz^{-1}
side-chain mobility
side-chain mobility (19F NMR)
A property denoting nafion side chain solubility parameter.
Nafion Side Chain Solubility Parameter
solubility parameter of Nafion side chain
δ2 (side chain)
PFSA ionomer solution drop-cast as a protective film on catalyst-coated glassy carbon.
Nafion Solution
Nafion
Nafion resin
protective Nafion film
A parameter specifying mass fraction of commercial Nafion dispersion added to the ink (wt.% of total ink).
Nafion Solution Mass Fraction In Ink
Nafion resin solution wt.%
Nafion solution (wt.%)
A parameter specifying mass ratio of Nafion (ionomer) to Pt mass applied to Pt/VACNT prior to hot pressing.
Nafion To Pt Mass Ratio
A parameter specifying nanoparticle mass concentration used to characterize Analytical Centrifuge Sedimentation Measurement.
Nanoparticle Mass Concentration
A property denoting upper bound of reported nm-scale pore size tunability range.
Nanoscale Pore Size Max
nano-XCT pore size
nm-scale pores max
pore size max
A property denoting lower bound of reported nm-scale pore size tunability range.
Nanoscale Pore Size Min
FIB–SEM pore size range
nm-scale pores min
pore size min
Non-carbon catalyst support material: NbB2 microparticles used for Pt deposition.
Nb B 2 Support
A parameter specifying needle diameter used to characterize Solvent Property Measurement, Contact Angle Measurement, and Ink Extrusion Process.
Needle Diameter
blunt needle diameter
external diameter
nozzle diameter
An instrument corresponding to a neutron scattering instrument and used in Contrast Variation SANSUSANS Measurement.
Neutron Scattering Instrument
SANS instrument
neutron scattering
A property denoting xPS-derived surface oxidation-state ratio for Ni.
Ni 3 Ni 2 Ratio
Ni3+/Ni2+
PGM-free M-N-C catalyst synthesized from Ni nitrate + aminoantipyrine precursor via SSM.
Ni AA Pyr Catalyst
Ni-AAPyr
A property denoting nickel content in catalyst (wt.%), measured by ICP.
Ni Content Wt
Ni content
wt.% Ni
Catalyst component: NiFe2O4 (nickel ferrite) nanostructure attached to MoS2 in hybrid.
Ni Fe 2 O 4 Nanostructure
NiFe2O4
A property denoting molar fraction of Ni among divalent metals (nominal and experimental).
Ni Fraction In Ni Plus Mg
Ni/(Ni+Mg)
Ternary layered double hydroxide precursor containing Ni2+, Mg2+, Al3+ (coprecipitated); used to form mixed-oxide catalysts after calcination.
Ni Mg Al Layered Double Hydroxide
Ni(Mg)Al-LDH
hydrotalcite phase
layered double hydroxide
Mixed oxide catalyst obtained by calcination of Ni(Mg)Al-LDH at 600°C; reduced prior to furfural hydrogenation.
Ni Mg Al Mixed Oxide Catalyst
Ni(Mg)AlOx
NiMgAl mixed oxide
Nickel(II) oxide powder feedstock used in blended oxide inks.
Ni O Powder
NiO
Ni/P loaded biomimetic catalyst on porous alumina carrier (nominal Ni:P = 2).
Ni PB Catalyst
NiPB
biomimetic catalyst loaded with nickel (Ni) and phosphorus (P)
A property denoting molar ratio of total divalent metals to Al in LDH composition (nominal and experimental).
Ni Plus Mg To Al Molar Ratio
(Ni+Mg)/Al
Elemental nickel powder feedstock used in metal powder inks.
Ni Powder
A parameter specifying nominal atomic ratio of Ni:P in NiPB catalyst preparation.
Ni To P Atomic Ratio
Ni:P atomic ratio
A property denoting ni to SXRF peak area ratio and determined in Micro X Ray Fluorescence Measurement.
Ni To SXRF Peak Area Ratio
Ni/S XRF peak area ratio
Ni/S XRF ratio
Ni:S XRF peak area ratio (aqueous ink)
Nickel thiolate precursor (molecular ink)
Nickel Butanethiolate
Ni butane thiolate
Bimetallic spinel oxide nanoplate electrocatalyst (best-performing sample)
Nickel Cobaltite Spinel Ni Co 2 O 4
NiCo2O4
nickel cobaltite
Nickel foam used as cathode current collector/support.
Nickel Foam
Ni-foam
Nickel precursor salt used in wet co-impregnation.
Nickel Nitrate Hexahydrate
nickel nitrate
Carbon-supported Ni catalyst used as anode catalyst for hydrazine oxidation.
Nickel On Carbon Catalyst
Ni/C
nickel catalyst on carbon support
A material entity corresponding to a nickel oxide.
Nickel Oxide
A material entity corresponding to a nickel plate substrate.
Nickel Plate Substrate
Ni substrate
A parameter specifying mass of Ni-BT used in ink formulation.
Nickel Thiolate Mass
Ni-BT mass
A material entity used for nitrocellulose varnish.
Nitrocellulose Varnish
A parameter specifying nitrocellulose varnish mass used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Nitrocellulose Varnish Mass
Nitrocellulose varnish
varnish mass
A material entity corresponding to a nitrogen and used as an input in MEAPolarization, Cyclic Voltammetry, and Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement.
Nitrogen
liquid nitrogen
nitrogen atmosphere
pure nitrogen
Instrument for N2 adsorption/desorption (surface area and pore analysis).
Nitrogen Adsorption Analyzer
N2 adsorption analyzer
SURFER volumetric sorption analyzer (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
A material entity corresponding to a nitrogen doped graphene and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Nitrogen Doped Graphene
Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K to determine BET surface area and pore volume distribution (QSDFT).
Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement
BET measurement
BET surface area measurement
nitrogen physisorption
A parameter specifying volumetric flow rate of nitrogen-source bubbling stream (TPA-Ac mixture).
Nitrogen Source Volumetric Flow Rate
A parameter specifying nitrogen volumetric flow rate used to characterize Cyclic Voltammetry and Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Nitrogen Volumetric Flow Rate
nitrogen flow
nitrogen flow rate
Control polymer (no imprinting cavities) grafted onto catalyst.
Non Imprinted Polymer
NIP
A property denoting non pt catalyst volumetric activity and determined in Review Statement Extraction.
Non Pt Catalyst Volumetric Activity
Non-Pt cataystactivity per volumod titneded
non-Pt catalyst activity per volume
A data resource used to represent nonlinear autoregressive neural network model.
Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network Model
non-linear autoregressive neural network
Spray nozzle used for robotic spray coating of inks.
Nordson EFD 781 Nozzle
A property denoting energy recovered per treated wastewater volume (kWh per m^3).
Normalized Energy Recovery
NER
A parameter specifying normalized polymer force factor used to characterize Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation.
Normalized Polymer Force Factor
normalized polymer force
A property denoting resistance of Cu interconnect normalized to initial resistance before bending test.
Normalized Resistance
R/R0
A property denoting notched Izod impact toughness of ToughPoint resin (J/m).
Notched Izod Impact Toughness
notched Izod impact
Dispensing nozzle/tip used in DIW, characterized by an internal diameter.
Nozzle
dispensing nozzle
nozzle tip
tapered nozzle
A parameter specifying nozzle diameter used to characterize Spray Coating, Direct Ink Writing, and Inkjet Printing Process.
dispense tip internal diameter
internal diameter
nozzle inner diameter
Nozzle Diameter
A parameter specifying distance/height of spray nozzle relative to substrate during coating.
Nozzle To Substrate Distance
spray distance
standoff distance
A property denoting number-average molecular weight (Mn) of polymer.
Number Average Molecular Weight
A parameter specifying count of cells in the tested fuel cell stack (e.g., 47, 5, 96).
Number Of Cells
A parameter specifying number of voltage cycles in a protocol (count).
Number Of Cycles
durability cycles
potential cycles
A parameter specifying number of spray passes used to build up coating thickness.
Number Of Spray Passes
number of passes
number of spraying cycles
spray passes
A property denoting atomic percent of oxygen (from O 1s signal) measured by XPS.
O 1 s Atomic Percent
O atomic percent
oxygen atomic percent
A measurement process that uses O2–N2 switching measurement to determine Local Oxygen Transport Resistance using Fuel Cell Test Station and Gas Humidification Unit and generating Experiment Dataset.
O2–N2 switching
O2–N2 Switching Measurement
Dataset containing OER performance metrics (current density vs potential, overpotential, Tafel slope).
OER Performance Dataset
OER activity dataset
OER performance
Electrochemical ORR activity and stability data for SG-Fe compared with Pt/C in 0.1 M KOH.
ORR Performance Dataset
A measurement process that uses octane adsorption BET measurement to determine BET Surface Area Octane Adsorption using Gas Sorption Analyzer.
Octane Adsorption BET Measurement
octane adsorption
A property denoting ohmic resistance and determined in Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement, MEAPolarization, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
R_HFR
high frequency resistance
Ohmic Resistance
A property denoting ohmic resistance increase percent.
Ohmic Resistance Increase Percent
HFR increased cell resistance
A property denoting percent reduction of ohmic/HFR during activation compared to initial state.
Ohmic Resistance Reduction Percent
Long-chain ligand on as-synthesized CQDs; replaced during ligand exchange.
Oleic Acid
Native-ligand (oleic acid) capped QDs before ligand exchange.
Oleic Acid Capped Quantum Dot
oleic acid (OA) capped CQD
oleic acid-capped QDs
A property denoting oleic acid mass fraction and determined in Gas Chromatography Measurement.
Oleic Acid Mass Fraction
Oleic fatty acid%
3D laser scanning confocal microscope used for surface roughness scans.
Olympus LEXTOLS 5000
A property denoting onset potential and determined in Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, Cyclic Voltammetry, and Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
E_onset
Eon
potential onset
Onset Potential
A property denoting open circuit voltage and determined in MEAPolarization, Linear Sweep Voltammetry, and Microbial Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement.
Open Circuit Voltage
OCP
OCV
A property denoting open (connected) porosity of printed lattice body.
Open Porosity
open porosity values
A parameter specifying operating temperature used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement.
cell temperature
cell-operating temperature
Operating Temperature
A parameter specifying device operating voltage during optical measurement.
Operating Voltage
measurement voltage
operating at 4.0 voltages (V)
A property denoting optical density setting used during PL/QY measurements (dimensionless).
Optical Density
O.D.
Optical microscope used to observe macroscopic printed structures.
Optical Microscope
digital optical microscope
optical imaging device
Optical microscopy imaging used to observe macroscopic structure of printed grids.
Optical Microscopy Imaging Measurement
optical micrographs
optical microscopy
optical microscopy images
Thickness measurement using super depth surface profile measurement microscope (optical profilometry-like).
Optical Surface Profile Thickness Measurement
surface profile microscope
An instrument corresponding to an optical surface profiler and used in Optical Surface Profile Thickness Measurement.
Optical Surface Profiler
KEYENCE VK-8550 Super Depth Surface Profile Measurement Microscope
A property denoting optical transmittance of CCM (percent) used as proxy for catalyst-layer surface coverage.
Optical Transmittance
Measurement of CCM optical transmittance (400–700 nm) to quantify catalyst-layer surface coverage.
Optical Transmittance Measurement
optical transmittance analysis
Activated carbon synthesized from orange peels via H3PO4 chemical activation and pyrolysis; used as electrode material and catalyst support.
Orange Peel Activated Carbon
OP-AC
orange peel derived activated carbon
A measurement process that uses organic flow battery polarization measurement to determine Power Density, Peak Power Density, and Open Circuit Voltage using Battery Analyzer and Diaphragm Pump and generating Polarization Curve Dataset.
Organic Flow Battery Polarization Measurement
A parameter specifying Volume ratio of organic solvent to water in the ink dispersion medium (v/v).
Organic Solvent To Water Volume Ratio
A property denoting other fatty acids mass fraction and determined in Gas Chromatography Measurement.
Other Fatty Acids Mass Fraction
other fatty acid%
An instrument corresponding to an oven and used in Catalyst Impregnation, Convection Drying, and Vacuum Drying.
convection oven
forced convection oven
vacuum oven
Oven
A property denoting overpotential and determined in MEAPolarization, Linear Sweep Voltammetry, and Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
ΔV_peak2
ΔV_peak3
Overpotential
A property denoting residual weight (%) after Fenton reagent exposure (80°C, 1 h).
Oxidative Stability Residual Weight Percent
oxidative stability
residual weight
PowderInk formulated with oxide powders (Fe2O3, NiO, MoO3) that are reduced in H2 during heat treatment.
Oxide Powder Ink
blended oxide ink
oxide-based ink
A property denoting oxirane content and determined in Epoxy Equivalent Titration Measurement.
Oxirane Content
A material entity corresponding to an oxygen and used as an input in MEAPolarization, Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, and Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Oxygen
oxygen gas
oxygen-saturated electrolyte
pure oxygen
A property denoting oxygen atomic percent and determined in X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Measurement.
Oxygen Atomic Percent
A property denoting oxygen concentration and determined in PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Oxygen Concentration
C_O2
A data resource used to represent oxygen concentration time series data generated by In Plane Effective Diffusivity Measurement.
Oxygen Concentration Time Series Data
oxygen concentration vs time
A parameter specifying oxygen diffusion coefficient in ionomer used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation and Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient In Ionomer
Dionomer
diffusion coeff cient of O2 in ionomer
A measurement process that uses oxygen Gain/Loss measurement to determine Local Oxygen Transport Resistance, Limiting Current Density, and Local Gas Transport Resistance using Fuel Cell Test Station and Gas Humidification Unit and generating Experiment Dataset and Local Oxygen Transport Resistance Dataset.
oxygen gain/loss
Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement
A property denoting mean free path length of O2 under PEFC operating conditions (used to justify Knudsen diffusion).
Oxygen Mean Free Path Length
mean free path length
A parameter specifying oxygen partial pressure at cathode (e.g., 21 kPa for polarization; 0.95 kPa for diluted-O2 limiting current tests).
Oxygen Partial Pressure
O2 partial pressure
pO2
A property denoting gas permeability of polymer film to O2 (Barrer).
Oxygen Permeability
O2 permeability
O₂ permeability
P_O2
A property denoting oxygen permeability factor vs nafion.
Oxygen Permeability Factor Vs Nafion
O2 permeability factor
oxygen permeability four times higher
Surface treatment of substrates (e.g., thermanox) with oxygen plasma to improve ink adhesion/wetting prior to coating/printing.
Oxygen Plasma Treatment
oxygen plasma
A property denoting oxygen solubility factor vs nafion and determined in Molecular Dynamics Simulation.
Oxygen Solubility Factor Vs Nafion
O2 solubility factor
oxygen solubility 2–3 times higher
oxygen solubility in ionomer
A parameter specifying oxygen solubility in ionomer.
Oxygen Solubility In Ionomer
oxygen solubility
A parameter specifying oxygen volume fraction in cathode feed gas during limiting-current measurements (0.5–2 vol.% O2 in N2).
Oxygen Volume Fraction
O2 mole fraction
oxygen mass fraction in gas channel
oxygen mole fraction
A parameter specifying oxygen concentration in cathode gas mixture for limiting current tests (vol.%).
Oxygen Volume Percent
x_O2
Thermally cross-linked PAA/PVA polymer network used as hydrogel electrolyte scaffold.
PAAPVA Hydrogel
A parameter specifying photo-acid generator mass fraction in formulation.
PAG 169 Weight Percent In Ink
Specific PBI fraction used as catalyst binder (nominal Mw=1.10×10^4 g/mol).
PBI 11
Specific PBI fraction used as catalyst binder (nominal Mw=17.4×10^4 g/mol).
PBI 174
Specific PBI fraction used as catalyst binder (nominal Mw=4.64×10^4 g/mol).
PBI 46
Specific PBI fraction used as catalyst binder (nominal Mw=9.00×10^4 g/mol).
PBI 90
Biocompatible elastomeric copolymer (poly(ω-pentadecalactone-co-e-decalactone)) forming the ink matrix and cured polymer substrate.
PDL
PDL-DL 30
Composite electronic ink consisting of PDL + AgNW dispersion in THF/ethanol; used for spin-coated electrodes and DIW-printed sensors.
PDL Ag NW Composite Ink
PDL/AgNW composite
PDL/AgNW ink
electronic ink
A parameter specifying PDMS base to catalyst weight ratio used to characterize Ink Formulation Specification Measurement.
PDMS Base To Catalyst Weight Ratio
base-to-catalyst ratio
base:catalyst ratio
weight ratio 10:1
A parameter specifying pEG content expressed as wt.% of dry geopolymer lattice formulation.
PEG Weight Percent
A measurement process that uses PEMFCCFD simulation to determine Oxygen Concentration, Current Density Per Pt Surface Area, and Low Activity Pt Particle Fraction using Ansys Fluent Fuel Cell Module and Comsol Multiphysics and generating Polarization Curve Dataset.
PEMFCCFD Simulation
Ansys simulation
CFD simulation
Direct numerical simulations (DNS) in Comsol
A material entity corresponding to a PESPVP composite membrane and used as an input in Phosphoric Acid Doping and Membrane Swelling Measurement.
PESPVP Composite Membrane
PES–PVP membrane
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) nonwoven reinforcement used to form composite membrane.
PET Nonwoven
PET nonwoven matrix
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) flexible polymer substrate on which Pd ink is printed and Cu is electrolessly deposited.
PET Substrate
flexible PET sheet
Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomer used as binder/proton conductor.
PFSA Ionomer
PFSA
perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer
short side chain PFSA
A parameter specifying pGM-on-support weight percent (SOTA table).
PGM On Support Weight Percent
PGM-on-support
wt% PGM-on-support
Matter: polymer binder used in HT-PEMFC cathode catalyst layer.
PIM 1
PIMAO
PIMCONH 2
PIMCOOH
PIM Tz
Polymeric binder used in printing inks.
PLGA
PLGA (82:18)
A parameter specifying mass percent of POSS additive relative to Nafion ionomer mass in cathode catalyst layer (CCL).
POSS Content Relative To Ionomer
POSS mass content
A parameter specifying PTFE loading fraction of solids used to characterize Ink Composition Specification and Ink Recipe Definition.
PTFE Loading Fraction Of Solids
PTFE loading
PTFE loading (wt.% of solids)
PTFE Polymer
PTFE
PTFE substrate film
polytetrafluoroethylene
Commercial PTFE aqueous suspension (nominally 60 wt.% PTFE; Chemours DISP 30) used in ink formulation.
PTFE Suspension 60 wt Percent
Palladium precursor salt used to generate Pd nanoparticles in the catalyst ink.
Palladium Chloride
palladium(II) chloride
A parameter specifying palladium chloride concentration ppm used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Palladium Chloride Concentration Ppm
ppm Pd
ppm PdCl2
A parameter specifying approximate Pd mass fraction in the water-borne inks.
Palladium Mass Fraction In Ink
Palladium nanoparticles self-reduced and stabilized by St-co-DMAEMA oligomer; act as catalytic activation sites for electroless copper.
Palladium Nanoparticles
Pd nanoparticles
A property denoting palmitic acid mass fraction and determined in Gas Chromatography Measurement.
Palmitic Acid Mass Fraction
Palmitic fatty acid%
A parameter specifying density of IrO2 particles used to estimate particle volume fraction.
Particle Density
IrO2 particle density
true density
ρ_p
A property denoting particle length and determined in Electron Microscopy Imaging and Ultra Small Angle X Ray Scattering Measurement.
Particle Length
rod length
A property denoting 10th percentile of particle size distribution from DLS (D10).
Particle Size D 10
D10
A property denoting 50th percentile (median) of particle size distribution from DLS (D50).
Particle Size D 50
D50
D_V50
median particle size
A property denoting 90th percentile of particle size distribution from DLS (D90).
Particle Size D 90
D90
Measurement of ZrB2 powder particle size (as-received and after milling).
Particle Size Measurement
particle size analyzer measurement
A property denoting Span of DLS size distribution: (D90 - D10) / D50.
Particle Size Span
Span
A property denoting particle volume concentration of ink samples used in DLS dilution study.
Particle Volume Concentration
particle concentration
solid volume concentration
vol.%
A parameter specifying estimated particle volume fraction of IrO2 dispersions based on mass fraction and densities.
Particle Volume Fraction
catalyst (including support) volume fraction
ε_cat
φ_Pt/C
A property denoting width of rodlike particles/aggregates (reported for some TEM/cryo-TEM observations).
Particle Width
rod width
A property denoting number of primary particles per agglomerate (mentioned as an ink-stage descriptor; no numeric values in this source).
Particles Per Agglomerate
# particles /agglomerate
A property denoting pattern surface coverage and determined in Atomic Force Microscopy Measurement.
Pattern Surface Coverage
surface coverage
PbS colloidal quantum dot absorber material discussed throughout the review.
Pb S Quantum Dot
PbS colloidal quantum dot
lead sulfide quantum dot
A property denoting pd nanoparticle diameter and determined in Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging.
Pd Nanoparticle Diameter
diameter of Pd nanoparticles
A material entity corresponding to a pd on carbon catalyst and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Pd On Carbon Catalyst
A property denoting peak current and determined in Square Wave Voltammetry.
Peak Current
A property denoting peak potential and determined in Square Wave Voltammetry, Cyclic Voltammetry, and Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry.
CO stripping peak position
CO stripping peak potential
stripping potential
Peak Potential
A property denoting maximum (peak) power density extracted from polarization curve.
Peak Power Density
Pmax
maximum power density
power peak
A property denoting peak-to-peak potential separation in CV, used as a criterion for catalytic activity/reversibility in I3-/I- redox.
Peak To Peak Separation
Epp
A parameter specifying annealing temperature for compressed pellet prior to Hall testing.
Pellet Annealing Temperature
A parameter specifying annealing duration for compressed pellet prior to Hall testing.
Pellet Annealing Time
Compression of graphene film into pellet to improve conductivity.
Pellet Compression Process
compressed pellet
Commercial hydrocarbon ionomer used in electrodes for performance analysis; no exact term found in ontology.
Pemion HNN 8
HNN8
A material entity used for pemion PP 1 HNN 4 00 X.
Pemion PP 1 HNN 4 00 X
A material entity used for pemion PP 1 HNN 9 00 X.
Pemion PP 1 HNN 9 00 X
Aqueous perchloric acid electrolyte used for CV and CO-stripping in the three-electrode cell.
Perchloric Acid Electrolyte
HClO4 electrolyte
A property denoting reported percent performance benefit (e.g., power density increase) from a pretreatment/activation step.
Performance Benefit Percent
Pump used to feed liquid methanol solution to anode at fixed flow rate.
Peristaltic Pump
low flow rate peristaltic pump
precise pump
A property denoting peroxide yield and determined in Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry.
H2O2 yield
hydrogen peroxide yield
Peroxide Yield
Solvent used in preparation of conductive ink.
Petroleum Benzene
A property denoting phase transition temperature and determined in Differential Scanning Calorimetry Measurement.
Phase Transition Temperature
β→α phase transition
β→α transition temperature
Physiological saline buffer used during long-term cyclic straining tests and/or sample handling.
Phosphate Buffered Saline
PBS
Matter: phosphoric acid used for membrane doping and present in cathode CL; can poison Pt in HT-PEMFC.
Phosphoric Acid
orthophosphoric acid
A property denoting computed adsorption energy of phosphoric acid on Pt surface (DFT).
Phosphoric Acid Adsorption Energy On Pt
PA adsorption energy on Pt
PA adsorption energy on Pt surface
adsorption energy (PA on Pt)
A property denoting computed binding energy between phosphoric acid and polymer repeat unit (DFT).
Phosphoric Acid Binding Energy
E_PA-binding
PA binding energy
PES–PVP based membrane after phosphoric acid (PA) doping for HT-PEMFC use.
Phosphoric Acid Doped PESPVP Composite Membrane
PA doped membrane
PA/PES–PVP membrane
Doping of electrodes/membrane with phosphoric acid (2 M electrode doping; membrane doped in ~11 M H3PO4).
Phosphoric Acid Doping
PA-doped PBI membrane
acid doped
doped with phosphoric acid
A parameter specifying areal loading of phosphoric acid added to cathode CL (mg/cm2).
Phosphoric Acid Loading
H3PO4 loading in CL
PA loading
Protonated N-substituted PBI using phosphoric acid (paper's 'PBI-P'), used as catalyst binder.
Phosphoric Acid Protonated Polybenzimidazole
phosphoric acid protonated PBI
A property denoting proposed_new_term. paper_context: Volume fraction (%) of phosphoric acid filling catalyst-layer cracks for a given crack-width category.
Phosphoric Acid Saturation In Cracks
PA content in cracks
acid saturation in cracks
crack flooding saturation
A parameter specifying phosphoric acid aqueous solution concentration used for doping (10 wt% for GDE/CL; 85 wt% for membrane).
Phosphoric Acid Weight Percent
Photo-acid generator used to catalyze SU-8 crosslinking and QD–polymer interactions.
Photo Acid Generator PAG 169
Irgacure PAG 169
photo-acid generator
Photocatalytic activity measurement tracking pollutant (RhB) degradation under visible light over time.
Photocatalytic Degradation Measurement
photocatalytic degradation
Viscous DIW ink (GMA/Ebecryl 8804 + additives) photocured after printing.
Photocurable DIW Ink
photocurable ink (DIW)
Dataset containing RhB concentration/degradation vs irradiation time and kinetic analysis.
Photodegradation Dataset
photodegradation data
A property denoting percent degradation of Rhodamine B concentration after irradiation time (typically 90 min).
Photodegradation Efficiency
decomposition efficiency
degradation efficiency
discoloration efficiency
Photoinitiator component in the mixed photoinitiator system for UV curing.
Photoinitiator 184
Photoinitiator TPOL
TPO-L
UV lithography process applied to QD photoresists for micropatterns.
Photolithography Patterning
photolithographic patterning
A property denoting time constant(s) from time-resolved PL decay curves (ns).
Photoluminescence Decay Time
PL decay time
decay time 3.6 ns
decay time 8.7 ns
A property denoting photoluminescence quantum yield; monitored during ligand exchange and thermal stability testing.
Photoluminescence Quantum Yield
absolute quantum yield
quantum yield
Optical spectroscopy measurement of photoluminescence (spectrum) referenced in the review.
Photoluminescence Spectroscopy Measurement
photoluminescence spectra
Generic photocurable resin used for DLP printing (matrix materials).
Photopolymer Resin
photocurable resin
Photovoltaic current-voltage measurement under illumination used to derive PCE, Voc, Jsc, FF.
Photovoltaic JV Measurement
A data resource used to represent physical properties table 2.
Physical Properties Table 2
A property denoting physical Pt surface area of Pt/C catalyst used to normalize ECSA for Pt utilization (cm2 mg_Pt^-1).
Physical Surface Area Pt Catalyst
Pt catalytic surface area
Pt physical surface area
physical surface area
A material entity used for pigment cyan 153.
Pigment Cyan 153
Cyan 15:3 pigment
A parameter specifying pigment cyan 153 mass used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Pigment Cyan 153 Mass
Pigment Cyan 15:3
pigment mass
A property denoting height of an individual printed pillar (controlled by extruded volume and motion profile).
Pillar Height
A parameter specifying downward piston displacement used to extrude a required ink volume per pillar.
Piston Displacement A 1
extrusion piston displacement
ΔA1
A parameter specifying upward piston displacement used to halt ink flow immediately after pillar stretching.
Piston Displacement A 2
retraction piston displacement
ΔA2
Mixer used for mixing and degassing inks before bead milling.
Planetary Centrifugal Mixer
Planetary mixer used to disperse powders and homogenize suspensions.
Planetary Mixer
Thinky ARV-310LED planetary vacuum mixer
Thinky-AR100 centrifugal ball milling mixer
planetary mixer/deaerator
VACNT growth on Al foil via plasma-enhanced CVD (H2 plasma + C2H4 feed).
Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis
PECVD
Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition
PECVD reactor for VACNT growth (instrument/system).
Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition System
Process for surface modification/patterning of PEM using plasma etching (used to increase roughness / interfacial area).
Plasma Etching
plasma-etched Nafion
A property denoting plasmon peak wavelength and determined in UV Visible Spectroscopy Measurement.
Plasmon Peak Wavelength
A material entity used for plasticizer ATBC.
Plasticizer ATBC
ATBC
A parameter specifying plasticizer ATBC mass used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Plasticizer ATBC Mass
ATBC mass
Plasticizer (ATBC)
A parameter specifying diameter of rheometer parallel plates used in tests.
Plate Diameter
parallel plate diameter
A property denoting plateau (low-strain) loss modulus used together with G0′ to determine rheological percolation threshold.
Plateau Loss Modulus
G0″
A property denoting plateau (low-strain) storage modulus extrapolated from 0.01–0.03% strain data.
Plateau Storage Modulus
G0′
Platinum counter electrode used in 3-electrode configuration.
Platinum
Pt plate
Unsupported platinum catalyst (metal black) used for DMFC cathode catalyst layers.
Platinum Black Catalyst
cathode catalyst
platinum black (ETEK)
Glass slide sputter-coated with Pt film (10 nm) used as working electrode substrate for electrochemical measurements.
Platinum Coated Glass Slide
Pt-coated glass slide
A property denoting platinum weight percent in catalyst.
Platinum Weight Percent In Catalyst
A property denoting eDS-reported normalized platinum concentration in catalyst layer (wt.%).
Platinum Weight Percent In Catalyst Layer
An instrument corresponding to a platinum wire counter electrode and used in Cyclic Voltammetry.
Platinum Wire Counter Electrode
Pt wire counter electrode
Controls pneumatic-driven extrusion pressure for DIW inks.
Pneumatic Dispenser
high-precision dispenser (Ultimus V)
An instrument corresponding to a pneumatic jack and used in Through Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement.
Pneumatic Jack
Polarization curves (U-I / I-V) measured at different RH and degradation states.
Polarization Curve Dataset
I-V curve dataset
IV curve data
polarization curve data
Empirical fitting of polarization curves using Eq. (1) to extract i0, i_n, r, m, n.
Polarization Curve Fitting
Eq. (1) fitting
A parameter specifying dwell time per polarization curve point.
Polarization Point Duration
A property denoting resistance associated with polarization (semi-circle diameter / fitted circuit), includes charge transfer and diffusion contributions per authors.
Polarization Resistance
Hydrocarbon polymer scaffold component of the PAA/PVA hydrogel electrolyte.
Poly Acrylic Acid
PAA
A parameter specifying poly acrylic acid mass fraction in ink.
Poly Acrylic Acid Mass Fraction In Ink
PAA wt.% in ink
Surface coating to promote cell adhesion during cytocompatibility assays.
Poly L Lysine
poly-L-lysine (PLL)
Poly Vinyl Alcohol
PVA
Polybenzimidazole polymer binder/ionomer used in HT-PEMFC electrodes (not PFSA).
Polybenzimidazole
SiC-yielding preceramic polymer (Starfire Systems SMP-10) used as ink binder/matrix precursor.
Polycarbosilane Preceramic Polymer SMP 10
SMP-10
A material entity corresponding to a polydimethylsiloxane and used as an input in Rheology Measurement and Selective Coaxial Ink 3 D Printing.
Polydimethylsiloxane
A property denoting dimensionless index from DLS describing breadth of size distribution; not present as named Property in ontology.
Polydispersity Index
Mw/Mn
PD index
PDI
Polymer blended with PVP to form membrane matrix.
Polyethersulfone
polyethersulfone (PES)
A material entity corresponding to a polyethylene glycol and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation and Solvent Property Measurement.
Polyethylene Glycol
Polyethylene glycol (MW ~1000) used as rheological agent in geopolymer ink.
Polyethylene Glycol 1000
PEG 1000
A material entity corresponding to a polyethylene oxide.
Polyethylene Oxide
Base polymer textile substrate (PET fabric) used for surface modification and printing.
Polyethylene Terephthalate Fabric
PET fabric
polyester fabric
polyethylene terephthalate
Hydrophobic cage-structured nanofiller added to cathode catalyst layer; varied at 0–20 wt% relative to Nafion ionomer in CCL.
Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane
A measurement process that uses polymer characterization measurement to determine Number Average Molecular Weight and Polymer P Ka.
Polymer Characterization Measurement
polymer characterization
A parameter specifying polymer force exponential coefficient used to characterize Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation.
Polymer Force Exponential Coefficient
k2^(polymer)
A parameter specifying polymer force proportionality constant used to characterize Discrete Element Method Packing Simulation.
Polymer Force Proportionality Constant
k1^(polymer)
A parameter specifying polymer interaction distance.
Polymer Interaction Distance
L^(polymer)
A property denoting mass loss attributed to grafted polymer decomposition in TGA.
Polymer Mass Loss
mass loss (TGA)
weight loss
A property denoting acid dissociation constant (pKa) of polymer functional group (dimensionless).
Polymer P Ka
pKa
A parameter specifying concentration of PDL dissolved in THF during ink formulation (w/v).
Polymer Solution Concentration
A parameter specifying polymeric dispersant mass used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Polymeric Dispersant Mass
Polymeric dispersant
dispersant mass
Vegetable-oil-based polymeric dispersant prepared from epoxidized soybean oil with partial ring opening and Jeffamine M-2005 (Section 2.2.2).
Polymeric Dispersant PD 1
PD1
polymeric dispersant 1
Vegetable-oil-based polymeric dispersant prepared from epoxidized soybean oil and Jeffamine M-2005 (Section 2.2.3).
Polymeric Dispersant PD 2
PD2
polymeric dispersant 2
Vegetable-oil-based polymeric dispersant prepared from epoxidized soybean oil and polypropylene glycol (Section 2.2.4).
Polymeric Dispersant PD 3
PD3
polymeric dispersant 3
Vegetable-oil-based polymeric dispersant prepared from epoxidized castor oil and Jeffamine M-2005 (Section 2.2.5).
Polymeric Dispersant PD 4
PD4
polymeric dispersant 4
A parameter specifying duration of radical polymerization step.
Polymerization Duration
polymerization time
Preceramic silicone resin precursor (Wacker SILRES MK) used as base polymer for UV-curable ink; precursor for SiOC ceramics.
Polymethylsilsesquioxane Resin
MK resin
A material entity used for polypropylene glycol 2000.
Polypropylene Glycol 2000
polypropylene glycol
A material entity used for polyvinyl alcohol.
Polyvinyl Alcohol
Polymer binder material used in cathode catalyst layer; not found in ontology
Polyvinylidene Fluoride
Poly (1
Hydrophilic polymer blended with PES; provides proton-accepting sites.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
A property denoting area fraction (%) of pores on fracture surface (2D measurement).
Pore Area Fraction
crack area fraction
pore area %
A property denoting average major axis length of pores measured on fracture surfaces (µm).
Pore Major Axis
A property denoting average minor axis length of pores measured on fracture surfaces (µm).
Pore Minor Axis
A parameter specifying pore radius used to characterize Transmission Line Model Analysis and Electrochemical Reaction Simulation.
Pore Radius
R_p
pore size bin radius
r_pore
A property denoting the distribution of pore sizes within a material or structure as determined by pore-characterization measurements.
Pore Size Distribution
PSD
A dataset containing pore size distribution data generated by Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry Measurement.
Pore Size Distribution Dataset
cumulative pore volume distribution
pore size distribution
pore size distribution curves
A property denoting peak pore diameter(s) read from pore size distribution (PSD) derived from N2 desorption (NLDFT).
Pore Size Distribution Peak Diameter
peak diameter
pore diameter peak
pore size distribution peak
A property denoting pore surface area fraction below 20 nm and determined in Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement.
Pore Surface Area Fraction Below 20 nm
A parameter specifying pore volume fraction used to characterize Transmission Line Model Analysis.
Pore Volume Fraction
crack volume fraction
w_k
Determination of total and open porosity from bulk/apparent/true density (caliper/balance + helium pycnometry).
Porosity Measurement
porosity evaluation from FIB-SEM
porosity ε
pycnometer density and porosity calculation
Sintered porous alumina monolith/catalyst carrier with hierarchical pores and biomimetic vein structure.
Porous Alumina Ceramic Carrier
biomimetic porous ceramics
monolithic carrier
porous alumina ceramics
Dataset of porous ceramic properties across processing conditions.
Porous Ceramic Property Dataset
Porphyrin compound (abbreviated P in paper) used to sensitize TiO2 for visible-light photocatalysis.
Porphyrin P
dye sensitizer P
porphyrin photosensitizer
A parameter specifying positioning accuracy specification of the UV-assisted DIW apparatus (up to 5 µm).
Positioning Accuracy
Aqueous potassium chloride electrolyte used for CV/EIS measurements.
Potassium Chloride Electrolyte
KCl electrolyte
A parameter specifying potassium content in geopolymer lattice expressed as wt.% (dry basis).
Potassium Content Weight Percent
Potassium content (wt.%)
Potassium-based geopolymer lattice catalyst formulation (3D_K_GP).
Potassium Geopolymer Lattice
K-based geopolymer lattice
Alkali hydroxide used in activating solution.
Potassium Hydroxide
Additive introducing KI buffer/shielding layer for stability.
Potassium Iodide
Free-radical initiator used to copolymerize styrene and DMAEMA; provides sulfate end groups.
Potassium Persulfate Initiator
potassium persulfate
Potassium phosphate buffer electrolyte (pH 7.5) used in clean tests and MFC electrolyte.
Potassium Phosphate Buffer
Potassium silicate solution used in activating solution for K-based geopolymer.
Potassium Silicate
Complexing agent in electroless copper plating bath (Solution A).
Potassium Sodium Tartrate
Supporting electrolyte used for methanol oxidation measurements.
Potassium Sulfate
Break-in method with cell potential/voltage cycling between set limits.
Potential Cycling Activation
potential cycling
A property denoting electrode potential where surface charge is zero; review cites ptzc for Pt(111) affecting ionomer adsorption.
Potential Of Total Zero Charge
ptzc
A parameter specifying not found in ONTOLOGY.jsonld. Time for potential transition/ramp between AST potential steps (paper reports fixed slope time of 0.25 s).
Potential Ramp Time
slope time
A parameter specifying potential window used to characterize Square Wave Voltammetry, Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, and Cyclic Voltammetry.
potential range
potential swept between
potential window lower bound
Potential Window
Break-in method at constant cell voltage (potentiostatic hold).
Potentiostatic Activation
constant voltage activation
Extrudable ink containing powder particles, binder, plasticizer, surfactant and solvent.
Powder Ink
printing ink
A property denoting solar-cell power conversion efficiency (output electrical power / incident light power).
Power Conversion Efficiency
PCE
conversion efficiency
device efficiency
A property denoting power density normalized to Catalyst Mass and determined in MEAPolarization, Electrochemical Reaction Simulation, and Organic Flow Battery Polarization Measurement.
maximum output density
peak power density
Power Density
A property denoting power density increase percent and determined in MEAPolarization and Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement.
Power Density Increase Percent
% increase of maximum power density
power density increase
A property denoting power efficiency for LED device (lm/W).
Power Efficiency
lm/W
maximum power efficiency 1.03 lm/W
A property denoting power law consistency index and determined in Rheology Measurement.
Power Law Consistency Index
consistency index
A property denoting flow behavior index n from power-law fit of viscosity vs shear rate; n<1 indicates shear-thinning.
Power Law Flow Index
flow behavior index n
flow index
A property denoting power loss percent.
Power Loss Percent
power loss after AST
Pre-carbonization step at 450°C under N2 prior to annealing.
Pre Carbonization Process
pre-carbonized
A parameter specifying pre-carbonization temperature under N2.
Pre Carbonization Temperature
A parameter specifying duration of pre-carbonization under N2.
Pre Carbonization Time
pre-carbonization duration
A parameter specifying pre purge time used to characterize Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Pre Purge Time
A parameter specifying in-autoclave prereduction temperature with H2 before adding furfural (50°C).
Pre Reduction Temperature
A parameter specifying pre reduction time used to characterize Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis and Furfural Hydrogenation Reaction Measurement.
Pre Reduction Time
reduction time
A parameter specifying precursor concentration used to characterize Catalyst Impregnation, Catalyst Ink Preparation, and Dip Coating Process.
catalyst ink concentration
porphyrin solution concentration
Precursor Concentration
A material entity corresponding to a precursor solution and used as an input in Catalyst Impregnation.
Precursor Solution
A manufacturing process for pressure bonding electrode preparation.
Pressure Bonding Electrode Preparation
pressure-bonded electrode
pressure-bonding method
A property denoting pressure-dependent component (molecular diffusion in large pores/diffusion media).
Pressure Dependent Gas Diffusion Resistance
R_MD
R_PD
pressure dependent resistance
A property denoting pressure-independent component of transport resistance (Knudsen + ionomer film).
Pressure Independent Gas Diffusion Resistance
R_NF
R_PI
pressure independent resistance
Regulator controlling air pressure for spray atomization.
Pressure Regulator
electronic pressure regulating valve
A property denoting primary agglomerate pore size and determined in Literature Microstructure Compilation and Nitrogen Physisorption Measurement.
Primary Agglomerate Pore Size
pores within primary agglomerates
primary pore size
A parameter specifying typical duration of a DIW printing job for one lattice.
Print Job Duration
print job
A parameter specifying applied pressure during screen printing (bar).
Print Pressure
applied pressure (bar)
extrusion pressure
printing pressure
A parameter specifying reported printing resolution range for DLP and DIW subsystems.
Print Resolution
XY resolution
A parameter specifying printer head/filament deposition speed during DIW (mm/s).
Print Speed
mm/s
print head speed
printing speed
A property denoting printability Z number and determined in Ink Printability Assessment.
Printability Z Number
Z number
A property denoting printable working time max.
Printable Working Time Max
working time max
working time window
A property denoting printable working time min.
Printable Working Time Min
working time min
A parameter specifying printed catalyst layer area used in hot pressing reference (cm²).
Printed Area
printed catalyst area
A property denoting printed CNT structure height and determined in Stylus Profilometry Measurement.
Printed CNT Structure Height
CNT height
height of CNT dots/lines
3D-printed (pre-carbonization) composite structure obtained after DIW and freeze-drying or thermal drying.
Printed Composite Structure
GO-lignin 3D-printed structure
composite GO-lignin 3D structures
Printed pattern/feature consisting of ferritin (or ferritin@surfactant) precursor on alumina/Si prior to pyrolysis.
Printed Ferritin Pre Catalyst Pattern
ink jet printed ferritin solution
printed pre-catalyst
A material entity corresponding to a printed gold electrode and used as an input in Cyclic Voltammetry.
Printed Gold Electrode
Au electrode
gold electrode
printed Au electrode
As-printed (unsintered) ceramic part produced by DIW.
Printed Green Part
green part
As-printed (UV-cured) 3D cellular structure before pyrolysis.
Printed Grid Structure
cellular structure
struts
A parameter specifying printed layer count used to characterize Inkjet Printing Process.
Printed Layer Count
number of printed layers (1 to 4)
A parameter specifying width of printed precursor line features (µm).
Printed Line Width
line width
shell width
width of printed line
Printed artifact consisting of periodically (or aperiodically) deposited vertical pillars.
Printed Pillar Array
free-standing pillar arrays
pillar arrays
printed pillars
A property denoting measured width of printed conductive silver trace in composite (µm).
Printed Trace Width
trace width
width of the silver trace
A parameter specifying Slic3r software filament diameter setting used to control peristaltic pump speed.
Printer Filament Diameter Setting
"filament diameter" parameter
filament diameter setting
A parameter specifying printing layer thickness used to characterize Printing Parameter Specification.
Printing Layer Thickness
layer thickness
Reported DIW process setpoints such as print speed, deposition rate, and nozzle diameter.
Printing Parameter Specification
printing parameters
Movable build platform (glass with opaque film) mounted on a linear stage.
Printing Platform Stage
linear stage
x-y-z stage
A parameter specifying probability density (morphology) parameter k controlling aggregate shape in the reconstruction algorithm (k=3 for branch-type).
Probability Density Morphology Parameter K
morphology factor k
parameter k
Captures explicitly stated recipe/process parameters from the Methods section (not measured; specified).
Procedure Specification
curing procedure
experimental procedure
specified
A parameter specifying spatial sampling step along profilometry scan.
Profilometer Sampling Step
sampling step
A parameter specifying normal force applied by stylus during contact profilometry.
Profilometer Stylus Force
stylus force
A parameter specifying lateral scan speed of the stylus during profilometry.
Profilometer Stylus Speed
stylus speed
A parameter specifying radius of hemispherical stylus tip used in contact profilometry.
Profilometer Tip Radius
stylus radius
tip radius
Simulation of hemispherical stylus tip traversing 3D microscopy profile to estimate thickness bias.
Profilometer Tip Simulation
simulation of profilometer tip motion
Specification of profilometry operating parameters (tip radius, force, speed, sampling).
Profilometry Protocol Specification
profilometry protocol
A manufacturing process for profilometry sample preparation using Cathode Catalyst Layer.
Profilometry Sample Preparation
A property denoting irradiance/intensity of DLP projector measured by radiometer (mW/cm2).
Projector Light Intensity
light intensity
Dispersion solvent: 1,2-propylene glycol (propylene glycol isomer).
Propylene Glycol 12
Dispersion solvent: 1,3-propylene glycol (trimethylene glycol).
Propylene Glycol 13
A parameter specifying volume fraction of propylene glycol methyl ether in solvent mixture (vol.%).
Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether Volume Fraction
propylene glycol methyl ether
propylene glycol methyl ether vol%
Eco-friendly industrial solvent used to disperse MSA-QDs and formulate inks.
Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether
PGME
Industrial solvent used to disperse MSA-QDs and as developer; also used as co-solvent in inks.
Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate
PGMEA
PBI grafted with protic ionic liquid moieties (HTfO-protonated), used as catalyst binder (paper's 'PBI-F').
Protic Ionic Liquid Grafted Polybenzimidazole
ionic liquid grafted PBI
protic ionic liquid grafted PBI
Extraction of nominal experimental parameters from methods section
Protocol Specification
EIS protocol
test protocol
Pt-free sublayer (layer X) adjacent to PEM, mainly for proton transport simulation in MCL
Proton Conduct Layer
layer X
proton transport layer
A parameter specifying through-plane thickness fraction (percent) of layer X within total cathode MCL.
Proton Conduct Layer Thickness Fraction In MCL
Measurement of proton conductivity of PA-doped membrane (reported at 160°C).
Proton Conductivity Measurement
conductivity measurement
proton conductivity / resistivity measurement (EIS under H2/N2)
A material entity corresponding to a protonated membrane and used as an input in MEAAssembly Process.
Protonated Membrane
A property denoting protonic resistance of cathode catalyst layer (fitted with transmission line model from EIS).
Protonic Catalyst Layer Resistance
R_ion
protonic CL resistance
protonic layer resistance
A property denoting protonic catalyst layer resistivity and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic and Proton Conductivity Measurement.
Protonic Catalyst Layer Resistivity
proton resistivity
protonic resistivity
ρ_H+
Aluminum oxyhydroxide precursor used as raw material, binder, and pore-forming agent.
Pseudo Boehmite
A property denoting pseudo double layer capacitance and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
Pseudo Double Layer Capacitance
Cpdl
A property denoting pseudo-first-order kinetic rate constant extracted from ln(C0/C) vs time for RhB degradation.
Pseudo First Order Rate Constant
A material entity corresponding to a pt 111 surface and used as an input in Cyclic Voltammetry, X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Measurement, and Atomic Force Microscopy Measurement.
Pt 111 Surface
Pt (111) single-crystal surface
platinum (111) surface
A material entity used for pt 3 co on carbon catalyst.
Pt 3 Co On Carbon Catalyst
Pt3Co alloy catalyst
Advanced Pt-alloy ORR catalysts discussed in review (contrasted vs Pt/C).
Pt Alloy Catalyst
Pt alloy catalysts
Pt-Co alloy on carbon
Pt-Co catalyst
A property denoting atomic percent of Pt in Pt/Ru catalyst particles or networks (from EDX).
Pt Atomic Percent
Pt [atom%]
STEM-EDX
A parameter specifying fixed at 19/1 in MEA catalyst layer per paper.
Pt C To PBI Weight Ratio
Pt-C/PBI
[Pt-C]/[PBI] weight ratio
A property denoting pt chemical surface area and determined in Electron Microscopy Imaging.
Pt Chemical Surface Area
CSA
CSA(TEM)
chemical surface area
Catalyst material used (PtCo/C, 48.3 wt% Pt); no specific term found in ontology
Pt Co On Carbon Catalyst
Reference counter electrode: Pt film deposited on FTO.
Pt Counter Electrode
platinized counter electrode
A parameter specifying diameter of Pt(111) single-crystal substrate (10 mm).
Pt Crystal Diameter
A parameter specifying thickness of Pt(111) single-crystal substrate (5 mm).
Pt Crystal Thickness
A property denoting pt crystallite size estimated from XRD (111) peak via Scherrer equation.
Pt Crystallite Size
Pt crystallite size (XRD)
Scherrer
mean crystallite size
A property denoting concept/metric linking transport through ionomer film to effective utilization of Pt (review cites Lee et al. model).
Pt Effectiveness
Ef_Pt
effectiveness of Pt
effectiveness of Pt (Ef_Pt)
A parameter specifying pt hydrogen adsorption specific charge used to characterize Cyclic Voltammetry.
Pt Hydrogen Adsorption Specific Charge
Pt specific charge
hydrogen adsorption charge constant
specific charge
Pt on Ketjen Black EC300J catalyst powder / cathode catalyst layer.
Pt Ketjen Black Catalyst
Pt/K
Pt/Ketjen catalyst
graphitized Ketjen black supported Pt catalyst
A property denoting platinum mass per geometric area of CCM.
Pt Loading
Pt catalyst loading
mg_Pt cm−2
µg_Pt cm^-2
A parameter specifying platinum loading normalized by rated power output (g Pt per kW), used by DOE performance index and NSTF electrode.
Pt Loading Per Power
Pt loading (g/kW)
Pt per power
A normalization basis corresponding to pt mass and used as the reference basis for reporting quantitative results or properties.
Pt Mass
gPt
mg_Pt
platinum mass
A parameter specifying pt mass fraction in catalyst used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Pt Mass Fraction In Catalyst
Pt content in catalyst
platinum mass fraction in catalyst
A property denoting platinum mass required per unit power output (g_Pt per kW), used as a system-level Pt-usage metric in the review.
Pt Mass Per Power
Pt per kW
Pt utilization (g_Pt kW^-1)
gPt/kW
A property denoting pt mass specific current and determined in MEAPolarization.
Pt Mass Specific Current
A property denoting peak power density normalized to Pt mass loading (specific power).
Pt Mass Specific Peak Power Density
Pt-mass specific power density
mass power
mass specific power density
A property denoting Pt-mass-normalized power output at a specified current density (here 600 mA/cm²). Separate from peak mass-specific power.
Pt Mass Specific Power Density
Metadata corresponding to pt mass and used to describe the provenance, identity, or context of another resource.
Pt on mesoporous carbon (CNovel) catalyst powder / cathode catalyst layer.
Pt Mesoporous Carbon Catalyst
A material entity corresponding to a pt NCNT fs catalyst and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Pt NCNT Fs Catalyst
Pt-NCNTFs
Pt-NCNTFs cathode catalyst
Platinum on carbon catalyst powder used in cathode catalyst layer.
Pt On Carbon Catalyst
Pt/C catalyst
carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles
catalyst particles
A parameter specifying pt on carbon catalyst mass fraction in ink used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Pt On Carbon Catalyst Mass Fraction In Ink
Pt/C catalyst concentration
Pt/C wt.% in ink
Pt/Carbon (wt%)
A parameter specifying pt mass fraction in Pt/C electrocatalyst (wt%). Used to tune CL thickness at constant Pt loading and I/C.
Pt On Carbon Weight Percent
Pt mass fraction in Pt/C
Pt on carbon ratio
Pt wt% on carbon
High-surface-area catalyst consisting of Pt deposited on NbB2 microparticles (homemade catalyst).
Pt On Nb B 2 Catalyst
Pt/NbB2 catalyst
Platinum catalyst deposited on orange-peel activated carbon (OP-AC) support; evaluated for ORR (CV/LSV) and PEMFC cathode performance.
Pt On Orange Peel Activated Carbon Catalyst
platinum loaded on activated carbon (Pt/OP-AC)
A property denoting percent increase in mean Pt particle diameter during conditioning/break-in.
Pt Particle Diameter Increase Percent
A property denoting size of Pt nanoparticles in Pt/C catalyst (nm scale).
Pt Particle Size
Pt nanoparticle size
Pt particle diameter
mean particle size
A property denoting phenomenon/metric describing reduced ORR activity due to adsorption/poisoning of Pt by ionomer sulfonate groups (review discussion).
Pt Poisoning by Ionomer
Pt anion poisoning
Pt poisoning
poisoning of Pt by sulfonic acid groups
Unsupported PtRu alloy catalyst (metal black) used for DMFC anode catalyst layers.
Pt Ru Black Catalyst
PtRu black
PtRu catalyst
PtRu catalyst (anode)
Carbon-supported PtRu anode catalyst (paper)
Pt Ru On Carbon Catalyst
Pt/Ru catalyst alloy
Pt/Ru electrocatalyst
Pt/Ru-C
A parameter specifying metal weight percent in PtRu/C catalyst (analogous to PtOnCarbonWeightPercent).
Pt Ru On Carbon Weight Percent
A property denoting atomic ratio Pt/Ru determined from EDX composition (dimensionless).
Pt To Ru Atomic Ratio
Pt/Ru
Pt/Ru ratio
A property denoting fraction of Pt that is electrochemically accessible (ratio of ECSA to theoretical surface area).
Pt Utilization
ECSA utilization
U_Pt
catalyst utilization
Calculation of Pt utilization from ECSA and physical Pt surface area (Eq. 10).
Pt Utilization Calculation
Pt utilization
TSA calculation
utilisation calculation
A property denoting relative increase in mean current density per Pt surface (structure 1 reported 22% higher than structure 2).
Pt Utilization Relative Increase
Pt utilization difference (structure 1 vs 2)
relative utilization increase
A parameter specifying description=Galvanostatic discharge current used for SC-MFC pulse tests.
Pulse Current
current pulse
i_pulse
A parameter specifying description=Duration of galvanostatic discharge pulse.
Pulse Duration
pulse time
t_pulse
A property denoting description=Average power density delivered during a galvanostatic discharge pulse (energy/time over pulse).
Pulse Power Density
Ppulse
pulse power
Pulsed laser deposition of Fe–Co catalyst and Al2O3 support layers onto substrates.
Pulsed Laser Deposition Process
PLD
pulsed laser deposition
Activation by purging/soaking electrodes with inert or reactive gases (N2, air, H2).
Purging Activation
purging method
A parameter specifying number of purification/centrifugation repetitions.
Purification Repetitions
isolated by centrifugation (repeated 3 times)
multiple purifications
repeated 3 times
A measurement process that determines true density using a helium pycnometer.
Pycnometry Measurement
gas pycnometer density measurement
helium pycnometer
A material entity corresponding to a pyrex glass and used as an input in Membrane Immobilization On Pyrex Glass.
Pyrex Glass
A property denoting percent of N 1s assigned to pyridinic nitrogen (XPS deconvolution).
Pyridinic Nitrogen Fraction Percent
pyridinic N
High-temperature heat treatment of CoTMPP precursor/silica composite under nitrogen to form the active non-Pt catalyst.
Pyrolysis Process
pyrolysis under N2
pyrolysis under nitrogen
pyrolyzed
A parameter specifying setpoint temperature used during pyrolysis heat treatment.
Pyrolysis Temperature
calcination temperature
heat treatment temperature
A parameter specifying duration of the pyrolysis heat treatment.
Pyrolysis Time
calcination time
A property denoting percent of N 1s assigned to pyrrolic nitrogen (XPS deconvolution).
Pyrrolic Nitrogen Fraction Percent
Preparation of SU-8/MSA-QD inks with specified mass fractions and mixed solvents.
QD Ink Formulation
QD ink
photosensitive QD inks
A parameter specifying mass ratio(s) of solvent components used in ink formulations.
QD Ink Solvent Weight Ratio
co-solvent ratio
solvent ratio
A parameter specifying mass of QD powder used in ligand exchange batch.
QD Powder Mass
QD powder (mg)
A property denoting qSDFT-derived (quenched solid density functional theory) surface area from N2 physisorption.
QSDFT Surface Area Nitrogen
DFT surface area
QSDFT area
QSDFT surface area
A material entity used for quantum dot.
Quantum Dot
colloidal quantum dot
Ink formulation containing MSA-QDs, SU-8 binder, and mixed solvents; used for inkjet printing and droplet drying tests.
Quantum Dot Ink
SU-8/MSA-QD ink
resin-based QD inks
A property denoting quantum dot loading weight percent.
Quantum Dot Loading Weight Percent
Photosensitive composite used for photolithographic patterning (e.g., 2 wt% QDs + 10 wt% SU-8 + PAG + solvent mix).
Quantum Dot Photoresist
QD photoresist
QD photoresist (SU-8/MSA-QD composite)
QD photoresists
A parameter specifying quantum-dot mass fraction in ink/photoresist formulation.
Quantum Dot Weight Percent In Ink
0.5 mm quartz capillary used to contain specimens during XRD/tomography.
Quartz Capillary
An instrument corresponding to a quartz crystal microbalance and used in Catalyst Loading Determination and Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurement.
Quartz Crystal Microbalance
METTLER TOLEDO quartz crystal microbalance
QCM
Quartz-crystal microbalance measurement used to quantify sulfuric acid mass uptake in thin films.
Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurement
quartz crystal microbalance
Quaternary ammonium silica precursor synthesized from GTMAC and APTMS, used as ionic source/plasticizer in PVA matrix.
Quaternary Ammonium Silica Precursor
QASP
Quaternized silica filler added to PVA/QASP membrane (10 wt% vs PVA) to reduce methanol permeability and improve properties.
Quaternized Silica Filler
quaternized-SiO2 fillers
An instrument corresponding to a quokka SANS instrument and used in Contrast Variation SANSUSANS Measurement.
Quokka SANS Instrument
Quokka SANS instrument (ANSTO)
An instrument corresponding to a rotating disk electrode rotator and used in linear sweep voltammetry and related rotating-electrode measurements.
RDE Rotator
Diacrylate mesogen component of LCE ink.
RM 257
RM257 diacrylate mesogen
An instrument corresponding to a rotating ring-disk electrode assembly and used in rotating ring-disk voltammetry and related electrochemical measurements.
RRDE Assembly
Instrument used to measure projector light intensity.
Radiometer Photometer
ILT1400-A Radiometer Photometer
A property denoting radius of gyration (Rg) of ink aggregates/agglomerates extracted from Guinier fits to USAXS data.
Radius Of Gyration
A property denoting raman D-band peak position (wavenumber) for carbon disorder band.
Raman D Band Peak Wavenumber
D band peak position
D-band peak
Raman D band
A property denoting Raman wavenumber (cm^-1) of the carbon D-band peak in dried ink films.
Raman D Band Wavenumber
Raman D-band peak position
A property denoting raman G-band peak position (wavenumber) used to assess carbon structural changes.
Raman G Band Peak Wavenumber
G band peak position
G-band peak
Raman G band
A property denoting Raman wavenumber (cm^-1) of the carbon G-band peak in dried ink films.
Raman G Band Wavenumber
Raman G-band peak position
Raman shift for carbon G-band
A property denoting intensity ratio of Raman 2D band to G band used to indicate graphene stacking/restacking.
Raman I 2 D To IG Ratio
I2D/IG
A property denoting Raman D-band to G-band intensity ratio (ID/IG) for carbon structure.
Raman ID To IG Ratio
D/G band intensity ratio
ID/IG
R = ID/IG
A property denoting raman IG to ID ratio and determined in Raman Spectroscopy Measurement.
Raman IG To ID Ratio
I_G/I_D
I_G/I_D ratio
An instrument corresponding to a Raman spectrometer and used in Raman spectroscopy measurement.
Raman Spectrometer
Nicolet Almega XR Raman
Raman spectroscope (LabRAM HR
Renishaw inVia Qontor confocal Raman microscope
A measurement process that uses Raman spectroscopy to determine Raman band positions and intensity ratios using a Raman spectrometer.
Raman Spectroscopy Measurement
RAMAN
Raman spectra
Raman spectroscopy
A parameter specifying heating rate used during thermal treatment.
Ramp Rate
ramp-up rate
°C/min
Break-in method combining operation with rapid cool-down below dew point to condense liquid water.
Rapid Cool Down Activation
condensation activation
rapid cool-down
A parameter specifying Raster line pitch between adjacent serpentine passes during electrospray deposition. | Needed to capture raster pattern geometry; not found in ontology.
Raster Pitch
A parameter specifying categorical descriptor of where the active reaction layer (Y) is located through-plane: near PEM, mid-CL, or near GDL.
Reaction Area Position In Catalyst Layer
reaction area moves from PEM to GDL
reaction area position
Pt-containing sublayer (layer Y) where ORR occurs, sandwiched between X and Z
Reaction Layer
active layer
layer Y
A parameter specifying through-plane thickness fraction (percent) of layer Y within total cathode MCL.
Reaction Layer Thickness Fraction In MCL
A parameter specifying temperature of transesterification reaction.
Reaction Temperature
synthesis temperature
treatment temperature
A parameter specifying duration of transesterification reaction.
Reaction Time
treatment time
A parameter specifying inner/nominal diameter of the quartz tube reactor (mm).
Reactor Tube Diameter
quartz tube diameter
Recurrent neural network family (includes LSTM variants) used for time-series degradation prediction.
Recurrent Neural Network Model
RNN
recurrent neural network
A property denoting temperature at which a specific oxide is no longer detected / reduction completes.
Reduction Completion Temperature
complete reduction temperature
A property denoting temperature at which reduction of a specific oxide (or binder removal step) initiates under given atmosphere and heating rate.
Reduction Onset Temperature
onset temperature
reduction start temperature
A property denoting cathodic peak current associated with oxygen reduction in CV (O2-saturated electrolyte).
Reduction Peak Current
ORR reduction current
peak cathodic current
reduction current
A property denoting electrode potential at ORR reduction peak in CV (reported vs Ag/AgCl).
Reduction Peak Potential
ORR peak potential
ORR reduction peak potential
A property denoting average redox reduction potential estimated from CV peak positions; reported vs SHE for AQS and BQDS.
Reduction Potential
AQS reduction potential
formal potential
A parameter specifying reference concentration used to characterize PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Reference Concentration
A parameter specifying reference current density used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic and PEMFCCFD Simulation.
Reference Current Density
RCD
reference current prefactor
reference exchange density
Measurement of reference electrode potential offset (Ag/AgCl vs RHE) in the electrolyte batch before experiments.
Reference Electrode Calibration Measurement
Reference electrode potential against RHE was measured
Reference electrode used in half-cell; reported potentials converted/referenced to SHE.
Reference Electrode Mercurous Sulfate
mercurous sulfate electrode
Reference electrode used for electrochemical measurements; potentials converted to RHE scale.
Reference Electrode Mercury Mercury Oxide
A parameter specifying reference scale used to characterize Square Wave Voltammetry, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, and Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry.
Reference Scale
A property denoting refractive index of dispersion medium (used in DLS/optical parameters and Hamaker constant calculation).
Refractive Index
A property denoting percent mass increase after one polymer reinfiltration cycle (PIP trial).
Reinfiltration Mass Increase
mass increase after reinfiltration
A property denoting relative current density change.
Relative Current Density Change
current density decrease
current density decreases
current density yield
A property denoting density expressed relative to theoretical full density; often inferred from porosity.
Relative Density
near-full density
A parameter specifying relative humidity used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement.
Relative humidity A/C
humidification
Relative Humidity
A parameter specifying relative humidity during accelerated stress test (voltage cycling). Distinct from RH_OP in paper.
Relative Humidity AST
RH_AST
relative humidity during voltage cycling
A parameter specifying relative humidity during a given measurement operation (CO stripping, polarization, etc.). Distinct from RH_AST in paper.
Relative Humidity Operation
RH during operation
RH_OP
A property denoting relative change in peak power density between MIP-modified and control anodes.
Relative Increase In Peak Power Density
A property denoting dimensionless ratio of oxygen permeability of thin PFSA ionomer film (at interface) relative to bulk PFSA membrane.
Relative Oxygen Permeability
O2 permeability ratio vs bulk
thin-film permeability ratio
A property denoting relative performance variation percent and determined in Fuel Cell Polarization Measurement.
Relative Performance Variation Percent
performance variation
relative performance variation
A property denoting dimensionless relative proton conductivity defined as σ_eff / σ_bulk for the ionomer phase/network in the catalyst layer.
Relative Proton Conductivity
σ_H+^R
A parameter specifying prefactor coefficient (2.3×) in low-R_I/C regime relative proton conductivity correlation (Eq. 7).
Relative Proton Conductivity Coefficient Low RIC
A parameter specifying exponent on R_I/C in relative proton conductivity correlation for R_I/C ≥ threshold (uniform/heterogeneous high-R_I/C regime).
Relative Proton Conductivity Exponent RIC High
A parameter specifying exponent on R_I/C in low-R_I/C regime relative proton conductivity correlation (Eq. 7).
Relative Proton Conductivity Exponent RIC Low
A parameter specifying exponent on carbon volume fraction V_CB in relative proton conductivity correlation (both regimes).
Relative Proton Conductivity Exponent VCB
A parameter specifying threshold R_I/C separating regimes in heterogeneous ionomer coating relative conductivity correlation (percolation-like shift).
Relative Proton Conductivity Threshold RIC
A property denoting ratio (Mmax−Mmin)/Mavg ×100% for repeated dispensing mass.
Relative Variation Percent
Variation (%)
maximum percentage variation
A property denoting relative volatilization rate and determined in Solvent Property Measurement.
Relative Volatilization Rate
volatilization rate (relative)
A data resource used to represent relevance vector machine model.
Relevance Vector Machine Model
RVM
relevance vector machine
A parameter specifying removed strip width used to characterize Profilometry Sample Preparation.
Removed Strip Width
removed strips width
strip width
Material property value stated in the paper (may originate from cited synthesis/characterization work).
Reported Material Property
reported property
reported property value (from literature)
A property denoting residual chloride content remaining after etching, estimated from XPS.
Residual Chloride Content
Cl- content
residual Cl- content
A property denoting residual Fe content remaining after etching, estimated from XPS.
Residual Iron Content
Fe3+ content
residual Fe3+ content
A property denoting residual fraction/rate metric for ink stability (e.g., residual rate after storage/dispersion); not present as named Property in ontology.
Residual Rate
residual analysis
A parameter specifying description=Rest time between pulses during SC-MFC testing (self-recharge period).
Rest Time
self-recharge rest
A parameter specifying speed used to retract nozzle from pillar tip to separate cleanly and stop flow.
Retraction Rate
Use for numeric values stated in review text (targets/ranges) rather than newly measured data.
Review Statement Extraction
review statement
A parameter specifying rheological percolation threshold volume fraction.
Rheological Percolation Threshold Volume Fraction
critical volume fraction (r
φ_r
Dataset of dynamic rheology and curing-time photorheology measurements (frequency sweeps and modulus evolution).
Rheology Dataset
rheology data
rheology results
Measurement of viscosity/rheology versus shear rate for catalyst inks or ionomer dispersions.
Rheology Measurement
rheological tests
steady-shear rheological measurement
viscosity measurement
A property denoting rheology measurement 2 and determined in Rheology Measurement.
Rheology Measurement 2
Viscosity
Instrument for measuring ink or solution rheology/viscosity versus shear rate.
Rheometer
rotational rheometer
stress-controlled rheometer
stress-controlled rotational rheometer
Organic dye pollutant used as model compound for photocatalytic degradation tests.
Rhodamine B
A property denoting slope-derived parameter from |Z| vs ω^(-1/2) used to calculate Ri when Cd is known; unit label in paper appears inconsistent, verify.
Ri Over Cd Sqrt
(Ri/Cd)^(1/2) slope
(Ri/Cd)^−1/2
A property denoting ricinoleic acid mass fraction and determined in Gas Chromatography Measurement.
Ricinoleic Acid Mass Fraction
Ricinoleic fatty acid%
A parameter specifying ring collection efficiency used to characterize Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry.
collection efficiency
collection efficiency N
Ring Collection Efficiency
A parameter specifying ring potential used to characterize Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry.
ring electrode potential
Ring Potential
Hot-press apparatus with rotating cylindrical rollers and controlled rolling speed/roller temperature.
Roll Press Machine
roll-press
Roll-to-roll catalyst coated membrane production referenced; not present as named process in ontology.
Roll To Roll Production
roll-to-roll
Roller/rolling device used for long-duration homogenization of suspensions.
Rolling Machine
homemade rolling machine
rolling homogenization
A parameter specifying roll-press process parameter controlling effective pressing duration.
Rolling Speed
A property denoting prediction performance metric: root mean square error between measured and predicted voltage.
Root Mean Square Error
RMSE
RDE system used for ORR testing (RDE; ontology contains RRDE terms but paper uses RDE).
Rotating Disk Electrode System
Pine Research rotating system
RDE
rotating disk electrode system (Pine Research)
A measurement process that uses rotating ring disk voltammetry to determine Current Density, Kinetic Current, and Electron Transfer Number using Electrochemical Workstation, RRDEAssembly, and Glassy Carbon Disk Electrode and generating Experiment Dataset and Limiting Current Dataset.
rotating disk electrode
rotating ring disk electrode
rotating ring disk electrode measurements
Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry
A parameter specifying rotation rate used to characterize Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic, Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, and Cyclic Voltammetry.
rotating speed
rotation speed
rotation speed (rpm)
Rotation Rate
High-shear rotor–stator homogenizer used for ink mixing at 15,000 rpm.
Rotor Stator Homogenizer
ULTRA-TURAX homogenizer
A property denoting roughness factor and determined in Cyclic Voltammetry and Optical Microscopy Imaging Measurement.
Roughness Factor
Apt
inverse roughness factor
A property denoting atomic percent of Ru in Pt/Ru catalyst particles or networks (from EDX).
Ru Atomic Percent
Ru [atom%]
An instrument corresponding to a saturated calomel electrode and used as a reference electrode in electrochemical measurements.
SCE
saturated calomel electrode
A dataset containing SEM image data generated by SEM Imaging Measurement and Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy.
SEM Image Dataset
FIB-SEM images
SEM images
SEM surface images
Used to confirm film/pattern thickness and morphology.
SEM Imaging
SEM
SEM images used to compare catalyst-layer surface microstructure (void distribution described qualitatively).
SEM Imaging Measurement
FE-SEM imaging
SEM imaging
Electron microscope used to image catalyst-layer microstructure and porosity.
SEM Instrument
FE-SEM Amber X
SU9000 SEM system
A dataset containing SEM micrograph data generated by SEM Imaging Measurement.
SEM Micrograph Dataset
SEM micrographs
An instrument corresponding to a standard hydrogen electrode and used as a reference electrode in electrochemical measurements.
SHE
standard hydrogen electrode
A parameter specifying SMP 10 volume percent used to characterize Ink Formulation Specification.
SMP 10 Volume Percent
A property denoting FTIR wavenumber (cm^-1) of Nafion sulfonate (-SO3-) asymmetric stretching peak.
SO 3 Stretch Wavenumber
A material entity used for SPAEKC hydrocarbon ionomer.
SPAEKC Hydrocarbon Ionomer
SPAEK-C
A material entity used for SPAEKTM hydrocarbon ionomer.
SPAEKTM Hydrocarbon Ionomer
SPAEK-TM
Sulfonated PEEK with degree of sulfonation ~64% (paper-specific material).
SPEEK 64
Soluble short-side-chain perfluorinated cationic ionomer used as binder in catalyst ink and to cast anion-exchange membrane (AEM).
SPFSO 2 NHGCIOH Ionomer
S-PFSO2NH-GCI-OH
short-side-chain perfluorinated cationic ionomer
soluble perfluorinated ionomer
Anion exchange membrane cast from the synthesized SPFSO2NH-GCI-OH ionomer and used in the MEA.
SPFSO 2 NHGCIOH Membrane
anion exchange membrane (prepared from S-PFSO2NH-GCI-OH)
Photoreactive bisphenol A-based epoxy resin used as binder in QD composites/inks.
SU 8 Epoxy Resin
SU-8
A parameter specifying sU-8 binder mass fraction in formulation.
SU 8 Weight Percent In Ink
Catalyst synthesis route using silica template, AAPyr precursor and metal salts followed by pyrolysis and template removal.
Sacrificial Support Method
SSM
Normalization basis for values reported per gram of catalyst-layer sample (catalyst + ionomer).
Sample Mass
coating mass
deposited mass
sample weight
A parameter specifying saturated ionomer water content (dimensionless) at given sub-zero temperature (10.3 at −10°C; 7.8 at −20°C).
Saturated Ionomer Water Content Lambda
saturated ionomer water content
λ_sat
A property denoting estimated residual liquid water per area used for subzero storage (dominant contribution from GDL).
Saturated Residual Water Amount
saturated water amount
saturated water amount in GDL
water amount in membrane
Representative lignocellulosic biowaste precursor used for most quantitative characterization.
Sawdust
sawdust (Betula platyphylla)
Control material made using same protocol without Fe catalysis (biochar).
Sawdust Derived Biochar
SDB
A parameter specifying scaling exponent in G0′ ∝ φ^A (Eq. 5).
Scaling Exponent A
A parameter specifying scaling exponent in γ0 ∝ φ^B (Eq. 6).
Scaling Exponent B
A parameter specifying scaling exponent in Σ ∝ (φ - φ_e,c)^t (Eq. 10).
Scaling Exponent T
A parameter specifying scan rate used to characterize Rotating Ring Disk Voltammetry, Cyclic Voltammetry, and ECSABy Double Layer Capacitance.
scan rate (mV s−1)
scanning rate
Scan Rate
Electron microscopy imaging/analysis used in this review to report membrane/CL morphology and thickness.
Scanning Electron Microscopy Imaging
A parameter specifying scattering angle used to characterize Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement.
Scattering Angle
Characterization of screen mesh free volume (BCM/cm2) versus ruling.
Screen Mesh Characterization Measurement
Manufacturing step: screen printing catalyst ink onto decal substrate.
Screen Printing
screen print
screen printing coating
sieve printing
Screen printing equipment used to print PICL inks onto GDL.
Screen Printing Machine
Aurel 9000 screen-printer
E1 machine (EKRA)
A parameter specifying number of lines per centimeter in screen mesh used for printing.
Screen Ruling
screen mesh ruling
screen ruling (lines/cm)
A parameter specifying free volume of screen mesh per area, in BCM/cm2.
Screen Volume
free volume
screen volume (BCM/cm2)
A measurement process that uses sedimentation test measurement to determine Agglomerate Diameter.
Sedimentation Test Measurement
sedimentation test
A parameter specifying geometric active area per segment in segmented cell (Methods 2.1).
Segment Active Area
disc electrode area
segment area
A parameter specifying number of segments in segmented cell (Methods 2.1).
Segment Count
number of segments
ten segments
10-segment cell hardware for spatially resolved impedance acquisition (Methods 2.1).
Segmented Cell System
segmented cell setup
segmented fuel cell
A manufacturing process for selective coaxial ink 3 D printing using Polydimethylsiloxane and Conductive Carbon Grease with Direct Ink Writing Printer, Pneumatic Dispenser, and Pressure Regulator and producing Smart Elastomeric Cellular Foam.
Selective Coaxial Ink 3 D Printing
coaxial extrusion printing
selective coaxial DIW
A material entity corresponding to a selenium powder and used as an input in Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Selenium Powder
Se powder
selenium precursor
A property denoting semi-empirical polarization model parameter a (voltage intercept term).
Semi Empirical Parameter A
parameter a
Organic extrusion aid added to slurry.
Sesbania Powder
Solvent-free shear mixing in kitchen blender to exfoliate biomass and impregnate Fe species.
Shear Mixing Process
shear mixing
A parameter specifying number of shear-mixing cycles (each 2 min) in blender.
Shear Mixing Repetitions
repeated twenty times
A parameter specifying rest time between blender shear-mixing cycles (blender left open).
Shear Mixing Rest Time
rest time
rest/open time
A parameter specifying shear rate experienced by ink during processing (e.g., 10^4–10^6 s^-1 in spraying).
Shear Rate
shear rate (s^-1)
A parameter specifying maximum shear rate in steady-rate sweep test.
Shear Rate Sweep Max
max shear rate
maximum shear rate
steady-rate sweep
A parameter specifying minimum shear rate in steady-rate sweep test.
Shear Rate Sweep Min
min shear rate
minimum shear rate
A parameter specifying oscillatory shear strain amplitude used in DSO/3ITT rheology protocols.
Shear Strain
mm/mm
strain amplitude
A parameter specifying maximum deformation/strain in dynamic strain sweep test.
Shear Strain Sweep Max
dynamic strain sweep
A parameter specifying minimum deformation/strain in dynamic strain sweep test.
Shear Strain Sweep Min
A property denoting shear stress applied/measured in rheological tests (flow curve).
Shear Stress
mmHg
A property denoting sheet resistance and determined in Four Probe Resistance Measurement, Reported Material Property, and Material Specification.
Sheet Resistance
electrical resistance (sheet)
sq^-1
Ω/sq
A property denoting short-circuit current density of a solar cell under illumination.
Short Circuit Current Density
Jsc
A parameter specifying si C fiber volume percent used to characterize Ink Formulation Specification.
Si C Fiber Volume Percent
SiC fiber [vol %]
A parameter specifying molar ratio SiO2/Al2O3 in geopolymer formulation.
Si O 2 Al 2 O 3 Molar Ratio
SiO2/Al203
SiO2/Al2O3
Polymer-derived ceramic product after pyrolysis of printed and UV-cured structures.
Si OC Ceramic
A property denoting weight percent of Si–OH groups on silica nanosheets from XPS deconvolution.
Si OH Group Weight Percent
Si-OH wt%
Si–OH groups
Si–OH groups (wt%)
Surface functionalization of SN via silane condensation and oxidation to sulfonic groups.
Silane Condensation Functionalization
silane condensation
A material entity corresponding to a silica coated pt on carbon catalyst and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Silica Coated Pt On Carbon Catalyst
silica-coated Pt/C
A manufacturing process for silica coating process using Aminopropyltriethoxysilane, Ammonia, and Pt On Carbon Catalyst and producing Silica Coated Pt On Carbon Catalyst.
Silica Coating Process
silica coating
2D silica nanosheets derived from vermiculite via acid treatment.
Silica Nanosheet
silica nanosheets
Post-pyrolysis removal of silica template using hydrofluoric acid (HF).
Silica Template Etching
HF etching
etching of silica template
silica etching
Silicon Calibration Standard
Chopped SiC fiber reinforcement added to DIW inks (≈5.77 or 10 vol%).
Silicon Carbide Chopped Fiber
SiC fiber
chopped SiC fiber (Tyranno SA3)
A material entity used for silicon dioxide.
Silicon Dioxide
silica
silica layer
A property denoting silicon dioxide weight percent in catalyst.
Silicon Dioxide Weight Percent In Catalyst
SiO2
Silicon wafer substrate (highly n-doped Si (100)) used for catalyst patterning and CNT growth.
Silicon Wafer Substrate
Si substrate
silicon substrate
silicon wafer
Silicone caulk/gel added to conductive ink to obtain paste/gel consistency.
Silicone Caulk
silicone caulk/gel
A material entity corresponding to a silver foil and used as an input in Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Silver Foil
Ag foil
Commercial silver nanoparticle ink product used as conductive ink.
Silver Nanoparticle Ink ME 603
Conductive nanowire filler dispersed in ethanol, blended into PDL matrix to form percolated conductive network.
Silver Nanowire
silver nanowires
A parameter specifying dEM particle count; paper states total number of particles close to 4000.
Simulation Particle Count
A parameter specifying dEM run length; paper states simulations executed with 30,000 timesteps.
Simulation Time Step Count
Thermal treatment to remove organics (debinding) and densify printed ceramic parts at elevated temperature.
Sintering Process
PTFE sintering
debinding and sintering
thermal sintering
A parameter specifying peak sintering temperature for different materials.
Sintering Temperature
final temperature
post-sintering temperature
thermally sintered
A parameter specifying number of past time steps used as the input window for sequence modeling.
Sliding Window Size
window size
Roll-to-roll compatible coating method for depositing catalyst inks; discussed as scalable CL fabrication.
Slot Die Coating
A material entity corresponding to a smart elastomeric cellular foam and used as an input in Compressive Strength Measurement, X Ray Computed Tomography Measurement, and Finite Element Analysis Simulation.
Smart Elastomeric Cellular Foam
elastomeric foam
smart cellular foam
Organic substrate (electron donor) for MFC anode.
Sodium acetate added as organic fuel in MFC tests.
Sodium Acetate
Precipitating agent providing carbonate interlayer anions in LDH synthesis.
Sodium Carbonate
A material entity used for sodium chloride electrolyte.
Sodium Chloride Electrolyte
A parameter specifying sodium content in geopolymer lattice expressed as wt.% (dry basis).
Sodium Content Weight Percent
Sodium content (wt.%)
A material entity corresponding to a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate
SDBS
A material entity corresponding to a sodium dodecyl sulfate and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
SDS
Sodium-based geopolymer lattice catalyst formulation (3D_Na_GP).
Sodium Geopolymer Lattice
Na-based geopolymer lattice
Sodium Hydroxide
A material entity corresponding to a sodium lauryl sulfonate and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfonate
SLS
Sodium silicate solution used in activating solution for Na-based geopolymer.
Sodium Silicate
Acid-catalyzed sol-gel reaction between MK resin (Si–OH) and hydrolyzed TMSPM to form Si–O–Si bonds and introduce methacrylate groups.
Sol Gel Modification Process
sol-gel method
sol-gel reaction
A property denoting fraction of AM1.5G solar energy in infrared region as stated in review.
Solar Energy Fraction Infrared
infrared wavelength region
A property denoting fraction of AM1.5G solar energy in UV region as stated in review.
Solar Energy Fraction UV
UV wavelength region
A property denoting fraction of AM1.5G solar energy in visible region as stated in review.
Solar Energy Fraction Visible
visible wavelength region
Instrument/system for J-V performance testing.
Solar Simulator IV Tester
IV tester
photovoltaic test station
solar simulator
Specific impedance analyzer used for EIS (potentiostatic).
Solartron 1260 Impedance Analyzer
Solartron 1260 Impedance/gain-phase Analyzer
A parameter specifying solid content fraction used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation, Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement, and Rheology Measurement.
S.C.
solid content
solids content
Solid Content Fraction
A measurement process that uses solid content measurement to determine Solid Content Fraction.
Solid Content Measurement
A parameter specifying volume fraction of solids in ink (reported for aluminum ink).
Solid Loading Volume Fraction
solid loading
Ligand exchange performed on solid CQD films (often layer-by-layer processing).
Solid State Ligand Exchange
A property denoting total (Hildebrand/Hansen total) solubility parameter in MPa^0.5; used for ionomer-solvent affinity.
Solubility Parameter Total
Hansen solubility parameter (δ)
delta_s
solubility parameter
A measurement process that uses solution composition measurement to determine Ionomer Mass Fraction, Water Mass Fraction In Solvent Mixture, and Alcohol Mass Fraction In Solvent Mixture.
Solution Composition Measurement
solution composition
A property denoting electrical conductivity of the MFC electrolyte/buffer solution.
Solution Conductivity
electrolyte conductivity
Ink method where PBI remains dissolved in DMAc; compared against colloidal method.
Solution Method Ink Preparation
solution method
A parameter specifying volume of RhB aqueous solution used in photodegradation test.
Solution Volume
A material entity corresponding to a solvent and used as an input in Catalyst Ink Preparation, Solvent Physical Property Compilation, and Solvent Property Measurement.
dispersing solvent
organic solvent
Solvent
Tuning solvent polarity/volatility/composition to improve ink stability and film quality.
Solvent Engineering
Removal of THF solvent from reaction mixture using rotary evaporation at elevated temperature.
Solvent Evaporation by Rotavapor
rotavapor evaporation
solvent evaporation
A parameter specifying mass-fraction evaporation rate during annealing (controlled constant).
Solvent Evaporation Rate
evaporation rate
evaporation rate of solvent
A manufacturing process for solvent evaporation thickening.
Solvent Evaporation Thickening
thickened
Overall synthesis route: shear mixing biomass + FeCl3 followed by pre-carbonization and high-T annealing under N2, then acid etching and washing.
Solvent Free Shearing Graphitization Process
A parameter specifying mass ratio between solvents in ink formulation (e.g., IPA:butyl acetate = 1:1).
Solvent Mass Ratio
Solvent mixture used in catalyst ink preparation.
Solvent Mixture
mixed solvent
organic solvent mixture
water/isopropyl alcohol mixture
A measurement process that uses solvent physical property compilation to determine Boiling Point, Dielectric Constant, and Hansen Solubility Parameter Dispersion using Rheometer and generating Solvent Physical Property Dataset.
Solvent Physical Property Compilation
Table 1 solvent properties
solvent properties
solvent property calculation/compilation
A dataset containing solvent physical property data generated by Rheology Measurement, Solvent Physical Property Compilation, and Solvent Property Lookup.
Solvent Physical Property Dataset
Table 2 dataset
solvent property table
Represents solvent property values stated in text (not measured here)
Solvent Property Lookup
calculated solvent properties
solubility parameter lookup
solvent property
A measurement process that uses solvent property measurement to determine Dielectric Constant, Boiling Point, and Viscosity using Ubbelohde Viscometer, Tensiometer, and Contact Angle Goniometer and generating Solvent Physical Property Dataset.
Solvent Property Measurement
properties of solvents
solvent physicochemical properties
surface tension measurement
A parameter specifying mass ratio of ink solvent (here mainly glycerol) to carbon in catalyst ink.
Solvent To Carbon Ratio
GCR
SCR
glycerol-to-carbon ratio
A parameter specifying solvent to water volume ratio used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Solvent To Water Volume Ratio
A parameter specifying solvent type used to characterize Oxygen Gain/Loss Measurement, O2–N2 Switching Measurement, and Current-Interrupt HFR Measurement.
alcohol type
Solvent Type
A manufacturing process for sonication.
Sonication
sonicated in iced bath
A parameter specifying sonication amplitude expressed as percent of maximum sonicator power (paper reports 20–50% amplitude).
Sonication Amplitude Percent
sonication amplitude
sonication amplitude (% of max power)
sonication amplitude of maximum power
A parameter specifying sonication power used to characterize Ink Ultrasonication, Ultrasonic Liquid Exfoliation, and Ultrasonic Deposition Process.
ultrasonic bath power
ultrasonic power
Sonication Power
A parameter specifying sonication time used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation, Ink Ultrasonication, and Analytical Centrifuge Sedimentation Measurement.
probe sonication duration
sonicating for two minutes
ultrasonication time
Sonication Time
Triglyceride feedstock for transesterification reaction.
Soybean Oil
A parameter specifying spacer thickness between identical electrodes in symmetric dummy cell for EIS/Tafel.
Spacer Thickness
A parameter specifying distance between supports for an unsupported filament span in the lattice design.
Spanning Distance
A property denoting specific activity.
Specific Activity
A property denoting specific (ECSA-normalized) catalytic activity estimated at 0.9 V_iR-free (A per cm2_Pt).
Specific Area Activity At 0 p 9 V
specific activity
specific area activity
Spectroscopic ellipsometer used to measure thin-film thickness and swelling vs RH.
Spectroscopic Ellipsometer
Horiba UVISEL Plus ellipsometer
Spectroscopic ellipsometry used to measure film thickness and swelling fraction vs RH.
Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Measurement
spectroscopic ellipsometry
Thin-film deposition process to cast polymer/ionomer films on substrates or IDEs.
Spin Casting
spin coating
A parameter specifying spin-coating speed used to deposit QD photoresist films.
Spin Coating Speed
spin speed
A parameter specifying spin coating time.
Spin Coating Time
spin time
A parameter specifying atomizing air pressure during spray coating (set by regulator).
Spray Air Pressure
air flow pressure
air pressure
expulsion pressure
A parameter specifying spray angle used to characterize Spray Coating.
Spray Angle
An instrument corresponding to a spray coater and used in Spray Coating and Ultrasonic Spray Coating.
pulse-swirl-spray coater
spray system
ultrasonic spray system
Spray Coater
Robotic spray deposition of ink in multiple passes onto heated substrate to evaporate solvent between passes.
spray deposition
spraying
ultrasonic spray coating
Spray Coating
Specification of spray-coating operating parameters (flow rate, pressure, temperature, nozzle height, speed).
Spray Coating Parameter Specification
spray-coating parameters
A parameter specifying number of ultrasonic spray coating passes/run times used to deposit a given layer.
Spray Coating Pass Count
A parameter specifying spray distance used to characterize Spray Coating.
nozzle-to-electrode distance
Spray Distance
A parameter specifying duration of spraying/atomization during spray coating to tune catalyst/Pt loading.
Spray Duration
A parameter specifying nozzle travel speed during each spray pass.
Spray Speed
nozzle speed
Used to sputter-coat samples with gold before SEM.
Sputter Coater
sputter coater (Quorum Q-150T ES)
Thin Pt film deposition (10 nm) on glass slides to create Pt/glass electrodes used as substrates for electrochemical tests.
Sputter Coating
Pt sputter coating
gold sputter coating
sputtering deposition
A parameter specifying current used during sputter coating (mA).
Sputter Coating Current
mA current
A parameter specifying duration of gold sputter coating prior to SEM (s).
Sputter Coating Time
A parameter specifying square wave amplitude used to characterize Square Wave Voltammetry.
Square Wave Amplitude
A measurement process that uses square wave voltammetry to determine Peak Current and Peak Potential using Electrochemical Workstation and generating Experiment Dataset.
Square Wave Voltammetry
pH-responsive styrene-co-DMAEMA oligomer (sulfate end-capped) used to reduce and stabilize Pd nanoparticles and improve adhesion on PET.
St Co DMAEMA Oligomer
St-co-PDMAEMA copolymer
A property denoting colloidal stability ratio (inverse of collision efficiency) from DLVO-type model.
Stability Ratio
A material entity used for standard polymeric dispersant 340 C.
Standard Polymeric Dispersant 340 C
Mechanical testing machine used for crush strength measurement.
Static Testing Machine
multifunctional static testing machine
Fe-N-C catalyst after steam activation; contains Fe3O4 nanoparticles and hierarchical meso/macropores.
Steam Activated Fe NC Catalyst
steam-activated Fe-N-C
High-temperature activation under steam/water vapor to create hierarchical pore structure and Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
Steam Activation Process
steam activation
Steaming MEA/CCM prior to operation to hydrate membrane/ionomer.
Steam Pretreatment
autoclave steam
steaming
A property denoting stearic acid mass fraction and determined in Gas Chromatography Measurement.
Stearic Acid Mass Fraction
Stearic fatty acid%
High-pressure batch reactor used for aqueous-phase hydrogenation.
Steel Autoclave Reactor
batch reactor
A parameter specifying stirring speed used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation, High Shear Mixing, and Catalyst Wetting Drying Treatment.
mixing speed (rpm)
stirring rate
Stirring Speed
A parameter specifying duration of stirring during synthesis/sol-gel modification.
mixing time (min)
rolling time
stirred overnight
Stirring Time
A property denoting storage modulus (G′) characterizing ink elasticity under oscillatory shear.
Storage Modulus
elastic modulus
shear storage modulus
A property denoting time at which storage modulus begins to increase significantly in time sweep (indicating geopolymerization progress).
Storage Modulus Increase Onset Time
significant increase of the storage modulus started occurring after
time sweep onset
A parameter specifying temperature used during subzero storage/freezing step of durability protocol.
Storage Temperature
subzero storage temperature
A parameter specifying duration of each subzero storage/freezing step.
Storage Time
frozen time
A property denoting sensitivity metric for strain sensor, defined from relative impedance change vs strain amplitude.
Strain Gauge Factor
SFG
gauge factor
Measurement protocol where sensor impedance is monitored while applying cyclic mechanical strain (simulated physiological conditions).
Strain Gauge Sensing Measurement
impedance-based strain measurement
strain sensing
strain sensor test
Printed sensor device (interdigitated electrode structure) fabricated from PDL/AgNW ink for strain measurement via impedance changes.
Strain Gauge Sensor
interdigitated strain sensor
strain gauge
strain-responsive sensor
A parameter specifying spacing between removed strips on sample during profilometry preparation.
Strip Spacing
line spacing
spacing d
A parameter specifying thickness/diameter of printed struts/filaments.
Strut Thickness
strut size
Stylus profilometry used to reconstruct 3D thickness/roughness maps over full 5×5 cm coating (after corrections).
Stylus Profilometry Measurement
stylus profiler
stylus profilometry
Styrene monomer used in free-radical copolymerization.
Styrene Monomer
styrene (St)
A parameter specifying sublimation time.
Sublimation Time
A manufacturing process for substrate heat treatment using Titanium Substrate with Oven and producing Titanium Oxide Layer.
Substrate Heat Treatment
heat treatment
heat treatment in air
post-heat treatment
A parameter specifying substrate temperature during spray coating to accelerate solvent evaporation between passes.
hot-plate temperature
spray deposition temperature
spray temperature
Substrate Temperature
Specific airbrush feed mechanism used for spray coating; compared against gravity-feed type.
Suction Feed Airbrush
siphon-feed airbrush
suction-fed airbrush
Photo absorber used in DLP elastomer resin.
Sudan I
A material entity used for sulfolene.
Sulfolene
A property denoting dimensionless coverage inferred by normalizing CO displacement charge at 0.4 Vcell to ECA.
Sulfonate Coverage
Θ (SO3- coverage on Pt)
Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) used as membrane material and electrode binder.
Sulfonated Poly Ether Ether Ketone
sPEEK
A material entity used for sulfonated polysulfone.
Sulfonated Polysulfone
Silane-functionalized silica nanosheets bearing sulfonic groups.
Sulfonated Silica Nanosheet
S–SN
A property denoting atomic percent of sulfur from XPS quantitative composition (no close match in ontology).
Sulfur Atomic Percent
S atomic percent
A property denoting eDS-reported normalized sulfur concentration in catalyst layer (wt.%); S attributed to PFSA/Nafion.
Sulfur Weight Percent In Catalyst Layer
Sulfuric acid electrolyte used for CV (1 M H2SO4).
Sulfuric Acid
sulfuric acid dopant
sulfuric acid electrolyte
A property denoting sulfuric acid mass fraction.
Sulfuric Acid Mass Fraction
% mass sulfuric acid
mass fraction H2SO4
mass fraction sulfuric acid
A material entity corresponding to a support material and used as an input in Catalyst Impregnation.
Support Material
A property denoting ΔpHf = pHf(wetted) − pHf(pristine); negative implies more acidic surface after treatment.
Surface Basicity Change Delta P Hf
surface basicity change
ΔpHf
A measurement process that determines changes in surface basicity from pH measurements after contact between a material and solution.
Surface Basicity Measurement
surface acido-basicity measurement
A property denoting surface concentration and determined in Cyclic Voltammetry.
Surface Concentration
mol/cm2
A property denoting High-frequency resistance component assigned to surface oxide film (from equivalent circuit fits), normalized by geometric area.
Surface Film Resistance
R_f
film resistance
surface oxide film resistance
A property denoting metric defined as ratio of BET areas from water vapor and nitrogen adsorption.
Surface Hydrophilicity Ratio
hydrophilicity ratio
surface hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity
Tabulated/specification-like numeric parameters describing Pt(111) substrate preparation and geometry (annealing T/time, dimensions).
Surface Preparation Specification
A property denoting arithmetic average surface roughness (Ra) of MPL measured by stylus profilometry.
Surface Roughness Ra
Average Ra
A property denoting surface roughness quantified as RMS height (Rq) of the coating profile.
Surface Roughness Rq
A property denoting areal arithmetic mean height (Sa) roughness metric measured on microfilament surfaces.
Surface Roughness Sa
A property denoting surface tension of solvent; affects wetting, coating, and film formation.
Surface Tension
carbon cloth surface tension
ink surface tension
surface tension (d cm−1)
A property denoting surface area divided by volume for catalyst network morphology (from tomography).
Surface To Volume Ratio
Surface/Volume [nm²/nm³]
Processed 3D surface topography (height map) reconstructed from profilometry or microscopy data.
Surface Topography Dataset
A parameter specifying concentration of alkylpolyglycoside surfactant in water used for ferritin stabilization (paper states 2% solution; basis not specified).
Surfactant Solution Concentration
Dataset of swelling fraction vs RH and dopant concentration from ellipsometry.
Swelling Dataset
swelling vs RH data
A property denoting fractional swelling (dimensionless) of thin films as a function of RH and dopant concentration.
Swelling Fraction
fractional swelling
nearly 0.8 swelling fraction
swelling ratio
Synchronous thermal analyzer used for TG–DSC measurements.
Synchronous Thermal Analyzer
Mechanical drive that moves the syringe piston to start/stop ink flow (enables FOD mode).
Syringe Driver
motor-driven system
syringe driver YSP-201
Syringe pump controlling ink flow rate during spray coating.
Syringe Pump
syringe pump (NE1000)
A parameter specifying syringe volume used in the DIW dispensing system.
Syringe Volume
A parameter specifying tEM defocus setting used to increase contrast in zero-loss cryo-TEM imaging.
TEM Defocus
Electron microscope used to image catalyst nanoparticles and ionomer films.
TEM Instrument
HR TEM
JEM-2100 (HR) TEM
TEM
Instrument used to measure ink tack (U.T. scale).
Tack O Scope Instrument
Tack-O-Scope BV MAV/EL100
A property denoting tack value and determined in Rheology Measurement.
Tack Value
tack value (U.T.)
Tafel polarization on symmetric dummy cell to extract exchange current density and limiting current density.
Tafel Polarization Measurement
Tafel polarization
A property denoting tafel slope and determined in MEAPolarization, Linear Sweep Voltammetry, and Tafel Slope Step Analysis.
Tafel slope (mV/dec)
Tafel slope b
Tafel Slope
Analysis of Tafel plot step to quantify CD loss linked to specific adsorption/connectivity.
Tafel Slope Step Analysis
Tafel slope analysis
Tafel step analysis
A parameter specifying target-to-substrate distance in PLD vacuum chamber.
Target Substrate Distance
distance from catalyst pellet
Autoclave reactor used for hydrothermal synthesis at 180°C.
Teflon Lined Autoclave
A parameter specifying temperature used to characterize MEAPolarization, Square Wave Voltammetry, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
operating temperature
room temperature
Temperature
A parameter specifying duration of acid quench step to remove ferritin template.
Template Removal Duration
A property denoting ultimate tensile strength of membrane (undoped/doped).
Tensile Strength
tensile stress at break
Universal testing machine used for tensile measurements.
Tensile Test Instrument
INSTRON 3344
Instron 5966
Instron tensile test instrument
Mechanical tensile testing to obtain tensile strength, elongation, and Young’s modulus.
Tensile Test Measurement
INSTRON 3344 tensile test
Instron tensile test
tensile test
Ring-method tensiometer used to measure surface tension (liquids and substrate).
Tensiometer
CBVP-A3 surface tensiometer
KRÜSS K8551 tensiometer
A parameter specifying duration of long-term cyclic straining test (21 days) and/or cell culture (7 days).
Test Duration
stability duration
Acetate additive used with AA to control ligand exchange reactivity.
Tetrabutylammonium Acetate
Base/additive (TBAOH) used to modify Nafion dispersion and catalyst-ink aggregation behavior.
Tetrabutylammonium Hydroxide
A material entity corresponding to a tetraethoxysilane and used as an input in Silica Coating Process.
Tetraethoxysilane
Organic solvent used to dissolve CoTMPP precursor during catalyst preparation.
Tetrahydrofuran
Hydrogenation product (detected as minor product).
Tetrahydrofurfural
A property denoting selectivity to tetrahydrofurfural (percent).
Tetrahydrofurfural Selectivity
selectivity to THFAL
Deeper hydrogenation product of furfuryl alcohol.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol
A property denoting selectivity to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (percent).
Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol Selectivity
selectivity to THFOL
A property denoting theoretical metal surface area calculated from crystallite size and density assumptions (m²/g).
Theoretical Metal Surface Area
SA(Pt)
maximum theoretical metal surface area
Dataset of DSC and TG curves during thermal treatment.
Thermal Analysis Dataset
A parameter specifying thermal conductivity.
Thermal Conductivity
k_i
through-plane thermal conductivity
Thermal treatment used to crosslink PAA/PVA via ester bonds.
Thermal Crosslinking
thermal drying
thermal treatment in air
Thermal curing schedule applied after printing to cross-link PCS prior to pyrolysis (vacuum oven ramps/holds).
Thermal Curing Process
thermal curing
A manufacturing process for thermal decomposition electrode preparation using Cobalt Hexadecanethiolate, Nickel Butanethiolate, and Carbon Cloth Substrate.
Thermal Decomposition Electrode Preparation
thermal decomposition
thermal decomposition method
A property denoting dSC peak temperatures indicating melting, decomposition, or curing events (e.g., 60°C, 222°C, 245°C, 309°C, 316°C).
Thermal Event Peak Temperature
DSC peak temperature
endothermic peak temperature
exothermic peak temperature
Heat treatment in air to convert deposited aluminum film to alumina buffer layer.
Thermal Oxidation Of Aluminum Film
calcining in air to oxidize aluminum
Polymer substrate used for coating/printing and cell culture; pretreated with oxygen plasma before coating.
Thermanox Substrate
thermanox print substrate
Thermogravimetric analysis used to quantify polymer grafting via mass loss.
Thermogravimetric Analysis Measurement
thermogravimetric analysis
An instrument corresponding to a thermogravimetric analyzer and used in Thermogravimetric Analysis Measurement.
Thermogravimetric Analyzer
Temperature sensor used to monitor printing environment.
Thermometer
IR thermometer
A property denoting percent difference between thickness estimates from different methods/simulations.
Thickness Difference Percent
Dmicro3D
thickness difference (%)
A property denoting thixotropy hysteresis area and determined in Three Interval Thixotropy Test.
Thixotropy Hysteresis Area
thixotropy (area between up/down curves)
A property denoting fraction of original storage modulus recovered after a high-strain breakdown step (thixotropic recovery metric).
Thixotropy Recovery Fraction
% recovery
recovery fraction
thixotropic recovery
Confocal 3D laser scanning microscopy on ~0.25 cm² central region to measure surface topography.
Three D Laser Scanning Microscopy Measurement
laser scanning microscopy
description=Porous three-dimensional graphene nanosheets (3D-GNS) used as cathode catalyst/additive; synthesized via sacrificial support method (SSM).
Three Dimensional Graphene Nanosheets
Rheology protocol with low-strain, high-strain, then recovery steps used to quantify thixotropy/structure recovery.
Three Interval Thixotropy Test
thixotropy test
viscosity recovery test
Three-point flexure test on pyrolyzed bars to obtain flexural strength.
Three Point Flexural Strength Measurement
three-point flexure
A parameter specifying threshold aggregate diameter used to characterize Ink Stability Model Calculation.
Threshold Aggregate Diameter
threshold aggregate size
A property denoting through plane electronic conductivity and determined in Through Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement.
Through Plane Electronic Conductivity
A measurement process that uses through plane electronic conductivity measurement to determine Through Plane Electronic Conductivity, Scaling Exponent T, and Electrical Percolation Threshold Volume Fraction using Micro Ohm Meter, Gold Plated Probes, and Pneumatic Jack and generating Conductivity Dataset.
Through Plane Electronic Conductivity Measurement
through-plane conductivity test
through-plane tests
A measurement process that uses Through-Plane gas transport measurement to determine Local Oxygen Transport Resistance, Effective Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient, and Mass Transport Resistance using Through-Plane Transport Cell and Environmental Chamber and generating Experiment Dataset.
through-plane gas transport
Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement
Description (paper-context): Ex-situ through-plane measurement of catalyst-layer thermal conductivity using a custom heat-flux/temperature-gradient rig (Fourier-law-based).
Through Plane Thermal Conductivity Measurement
ex-situ thermal conductivity
thermal conductivity apparatus
An instrument corresponding to a Through-Plane transport cell and used in Through-Plane Gas Transport Measurement and Through Plane Thermal Conductivity Measurement.
Through-Plane Transport Cell
Surface treatment of TiO2 films in TiCl4 solution (40 mM) at 70°C for 30 min (twice).
Ti Cl 4 Surface Treatment
TiCl4 treatment
Time-resolved photoluminescence measurement used to compare decay lifetimes of composites.
Time Resolved Photoluminescence Measurement
time-resolved PL
time-resolved PL decay
A material entity corresponding to a titanium oxide layer and used as an input in Dye Sensitization Process, Ti Cl 4 Surface Treatment, and Ultrasonic Deposition Process.
Titanium Oxide Layer
TiO2 layer
native oxide layer
Titanium screen used as anode support/current collector.
Titanium Screen
Ti-screen
A material entity corresponding to a titanium substrate and used as an input in Spray Coating, X Ray Diffraction Measurement, and Substrate Heat Treatment.
Titanium Substrate
Ti substrate
titanium plate
A material entity used for tokuyama A 201 membrane.
Tokuyama A 201 Membrane
Tokuyama
Tokuyama A201®
Solvent used during purification/precipitation steps in ligand exchange.
Toluene
An instrument corresponding to a torque wrench and used in MEAAssembly Process.
assembling torque
Torque Wrench
A measurement process that uses tortuosity calculation to determine Catalyst Layer Tortuosity.
Tortuosity Calculation
geometric tortuosity calculation
A parameter specifying tortuosity porosity exponent used to characterize Tortuosity Calculation.
Tortuosity Porosity Exponent
power-law exponent
power-law fit exponent
A property denoting total oxygen/gas diffusion resistance derived from limiting current density vs pressure.
Total Gas Diffusion Resistance
GDL oxygen transport resistance
R_total
gas diffusion resistance
A parameter specifying total ink formulation mass used to characterize Ink Formulation Measurement.
Total Ink Formulation Mass
total mass
A property denoting overall internal resistance from semi-empirical polarization fit (includes bulk+interfacial).
Total Internal Resistance
Rint
internal resistance
A parameter specifying total ionomer-to-carbon mass ratio in iNFS-CL including both electrosprayed ionomer and electrospun fiber ionomer (paper notation Itotal/C).
Total Ionomer To Carbon Ratio
I_total/C
total ionomer/carbon ratio
A property denoting total pore volume from N2 adsorption (Gurvich rule at p/ps=0.99). Unit in paper appears as cm^3 g^-1 (verify).
Total Pore Volume
Pore volume (cc/g_catalyst)
V_tot
pore volume
A property denoting total porosity (open+closed) of printed lattice body.
Total Porosity
% porosity
A property denoting total pt loading.
Total Pt Loading
total Pt loading (anode+cathode)
Commercial photocurable resin used as DLP plastic.
Tough Point Resin
Assessment of catalytic performance for biodiesel production via soybean oil transesterification; quantified by GC-FID (EN14103).
Transesterification Performance Measurement
A measurement process that uses transmission electron microscopy imaging to determine Interplanar Spacing, Mean Particle Size, and Carbon Nanotube Outer Diameter using TEM Instrument and generating Microstructure Image Dataset.
Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging
TEM imaging
transmission electron microscopy
Analysis method to extract proton resistance and Cdl from impedance spectra.
Transmission Line Model Analysis
transmission line model
A property denoting transparency and determined in Xrite Optical Property Measurement.
Transparency
Transparency% (A*)
Transparency% (B*)
Catalyst used in LCE ink formulation.
Triethylamine
A parameter specifying triiodide concentration.
Triiodide Concentration
A property denoting estimated diffusion coefficient of I3- in the electrolyte from limiting current density in Tafel analysis.
Triiodide Diffusion Coefficient
diffusion coefficient of triiodide
Silane coupling agent bearing methacrylate group used to graft photosensitive groups onto MK resin via sol-gel reaction.
Trimethoxysilylpropyl Methacrylate
Acrylate monomer listed among materials (used with acrylic resins).
Triacrylate crosslinker added to UV-MK to adjust viscosity and increase UV curing rate.
Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate
Triple-phase boundary region (pore/proton conductor/electron conductor) in catalyst layer affected by grafted polymer.
Triple Phase Boundary Layer
TPB
triple-phase boundary (TPB) layer
Tripropylamine (TPA) used with acetone as nitrogen source in bubbling feed.
Tripropylamine
Nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 used to aid dispersion in MPL inks.
Triton X 100 Surfactant
Triton X-100
surfactant (Triton X-100)
A property denoting true/skeleton density measured by helium pycnometry on finely milled samples.
True Density
skeletal density
skeleton density
ρ_t
Tube furnace used for pyrolysis under flowing argon.
Tube Furnace
Lindberg Blue furnaces
tube furnace (CM Furnaces 1830-10VF)
two-furnace AP-CVD system
A property denoting turnover frequency.
Turnover Frequency
TOF
DIW process augmented with in-situ UV irradiation to cure extruded filaments and retain shape; treated as a specialized form of DirectInkWriting.
UV Assisted Direct Ink Writing
A parameter specifying spectral bandwidth during UV–vis acquisition.
UV Bandwidth
Free-radical polymerization of acrylate/methacrylate groups under UV irradiation forming crosslinked network.
UV Curing Process
UV curing
Custom UV-assisted direct-ink writing apparatus with 3-axis stage and UV sources on both sides of the needle.
UVDIW Printer
Detector used to monitor UV light energy during curing experiments.
UV Detector
A parameter specifying uV exposure duration in photolithography.
UV Exposure Time
exposure time
A parameter specifying incident UV irradiance used for curing during photorheology/FTIR (reported ~28 mW/cm2).
UV Irradiance
UV light intensity
A parameter specifying duration of UV exposure during curing (e.g., 2–14 s values discussed).
UV Irradiation Time
UV exposure time
Photosensitive MK-TMSPM resin formulation with photoinitiators (no TMPTA).
UVMK Resin
UV-MK
UV-MK resin with added TMPTA crosslinker; selected for printing.
UVMK T Resin
UV-MK-T
A parameter specifying UV scan speed used to characterize UV Visible Spectroscopy Measurement.
UV Scan Speed
UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometer used to measure CCM optical transmittance (400–700 nm).
UV Vis NIR Spectrophotometer
JASCO V-670 UV–Vis NIR
Shimadzu Solid Spec-2700
UV–vis–near infrared recording spectrophotometer
Instrument to acquire UV–vis absorption spectra during polymerization tracking.
UV Vis Spectrophotometer
UV–vis spectrometer
Instrument for UV-Vis absorption spectra.
UV Visible Spectrophotometer
UV-Vis spectrometer
UV–Vis spectrophotometer
UV–vis spectroscopy used to track monomer polymerization kinetics.
UV Visible Spectroscopy Measurement
UV spectra
UV-visible tests
UV–vis
A parameter specifying wavelength range over which UV intensity was monitored/detected (230–410 nm).
UV Wavelength Range
An instrument corresponding to an ubbelohde viscometer and used in Solvent Property Measurement.
Ubbelohde Viscometer
USAXS/SAXS scattering measurements on inks to quantify agglomeration/fractal dimension.
Ultra Small Angle X Ray Scattering Measurement
X-ray scattering
in-situ X-ray scattering
ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering
An instrument corresponding to an ultrasonic bath and used in Catalyst Ink Preparation and Ink Ultrasonication.
Ultrasonic Bath
cooling bath
ultra-sonication bath
water bath
Ultrasonic-assisted coating/deposition steps used to attach TiO2, then porphyrin P and silane S onto PET fabric.
Ultrasonic Deposition Process
ultrasonic deposition
ultrasonically deposited
A manufacturing process for ultrasonic liquid exfoliation using Beta Ag 2 Se with Ultrasonicator and producing Beta Ag 2 Se.
Ultrasonic Liquid Exfoliation
liquid-assisted exfoliation
liquid-phase exfoliation
Ultrasonic spray coating deposition
Ultrasonic Spray Coating
ultrasonically spray coated
Ultrasonic spray coater used for layer deposition (Prism 400)
Ultrasonic Spray Coating System
A parameter specifying ultrasonication duration to disperse graphene in ethanol.
Ultrasonication Time
probe sonication time
sonication time
ultrasonic bath time
An instrument corresponding to an ultrasonicator and used in Catalyst Ink Preparation, Ink Ultrasonication, and Ultra Small Angle X Ray Scattering Measurement.
horn type ultrasonicator
ultrasonic probe
Ultrasonicator
A manufacturing process for uniaxial pressing process.
Uniaxial Pressing Process
uniaxial press
Testing machine used for compressive strength measurement.
Universal Testing Machine
QJ211 universal testing machine
universal material testing machine
A parameter specifying upper limit of potential window for a protocol (V).
Upper Potential Limit
upper limit
upper potential
upper potential value
Nitrogen precursor used for N-doping during synthesis of GU and FU carbon catalysts.
Urea
A parameter specifying vacuum chamber pressure used to characterize Vacuum Drying.
Vacuum Chamber Pressure
vacuum pressure
Drying catalyst layers on decal films under vacuum (contrasted with atmospheric drying).
Vacuum Drying
dried under vacuum
vacuum-dried
A parameter specifying vacuum drying time used before/after ligand exchange.
Vacuum Drying Time
drying time
solvent evaporation time
Sealing specimens under vacuum in quartz capillaries for high-temperature XRD/tomography.
Vacuum Encapsulation Process
vacuum-encapsulated
Vacuum filtration used to make free-standing graphene films.
Vacuum Filtration Process
vacuum filtration
Vacuum moulding/degassing apparatus used for slurry degassing and impregnation under vacuum.
Vacuum Moulder
A parameter specifying vacuum pressure applied during degassing, freeze drying, or impregnation (Pa).
Vacuum Pressure
A property denoting vapor pressure and determined in Solvent Physical Property Compilation and Solvent Property Measurement.
Vapor Pressure
vapour pressure
Contact stylus profilometer used for thickness/roughness mapping.
Veeco Dektak 8 Contact Profilometer
Veeco Dektak 8
contact profilometer
stylus profilometer
Natural clay mineral precursor for silica nanosheets (SN).
Vermiculite
Verm
vermiculite clay mineral
A property denoting dynamic viscosity of solvents, ionomer dispersions, or catalyst inks (often shear-rate dependent).
apparent viscosity
dynamic viscosity
ink viscosity
A parameter specifying duration of high shear step in viscosity recovery test.
Viscosity Recovery High Shear Duration
high shear duration
viscosity recovery
A parameter specifying high shear rate applied in viscosity recovery test.
Viscosity Recovery Shear Rate High
high shear rate
A parameter specifying low shear rate applied in viscosity recovery test.
Viscosity Recovery Shear Rate Low
low shear rate
A property denoting characteristic time for ink to recover high viscosity after cessation of high shear (post-extrusion).
Viscosity Recovery Time
recovery time
Light source used for visible-light irradiation during photodegradation/self-cleaning tests (paper mentions 300 W lamp).
Visible Light Lamp
visible-light irradiation source
Qualitative stability test based on visually observed phase separation / settling time.
Visual Inspection Stability Measurement
visual inspection
Voltage sensing hardware used to record fuel cell voltage during aging tests.
Voltage Sensor
plug-in sensors
voltage sensors
A parameter specifying tomography voxel volume or voxel edge length used in reconstruction.
Voxel Size
nm/voxel
pixel size
Commercial carbon black support used as model catalyst-layer carbon.
Vulcan XC 72 R Carbon Black
Vulcan XC-72R
XC-72R
A property denoting warburg coefficient and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Galvanostatic.
Warburg
Warburg Coefficient
A property denoting warburg impedance and determined in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Potentiostatic.
Warburg Impedance
Liquid water used as component of binary ink solvents (water/alcohol). Not present as standalone Matter term in provided ontology.
Water
DI water
deionized water
ultrapure water
A property denoting water activated electrochemically active surface area and determined in Carbon Monoxide Stripping Voltammetry.
Water Activated Electrochemically Active Surface Area
ECSA_water
liquid water activated ECSA
water activated ECSA
Chemical vapor deposition growth process for MWCNTs using ethylene and hydrogen with controlled water vapor at ~800°C under low pressure.
Water Assisted Low Pressure CVD
CVD with ethylene/hydrogen and water vapor
A parameter specifying temperature of cooling bath during ultrasonication (paper reports 5 °C).
Water Bath Temperature
A parameter specifying water content fraction.
Water Content Fraction
water content
A measurement process that uses water content measurement to determine Water Content Fraction and Water Uptake Indicator using Karl Fischer Titrator.
Water Content Measurement
A property denoting dynamic diffusion coefficient for water uptake in PFSA membranes (Fickian diffusion coefficient).
Water Diffusion Coefficient
A parameter specifying liquid volume used for sessile-drop contact angle test.
Water Drop Volume
A parameter specifying mass fraction of extra added water in the ink (not counting water already in Nafion dispersion).
Water Mass Fraction In Ink
ink H2O content
A parameter specifying mass fraction of water in the solvent mixture used in ionomer dispersion or catalyst ink.
Water Mass Fraction In Solvent Mixture
water fraction
water fraction in solvent
water-rich solvent
A measurement process that uses water storage space calculation to determine Areal Water Storage Space.
Water Storage Space Calculation
theoretical water storage calculation
A parameter specifying solvent mixing ratio water:ethanol = 3:2 used for inks and carbon dispersion.
Water To Ethanol Ratio
ethanol:water 1:1
water/ethanol ratio
water/ethanol ratio 3:2
A parameter specifying water to isopropanol molar ratio used to characterize Ink Ultrasonication, Solvent Physical Property Compilation, and Solvent Property Lookup.
Water To Isopropanol Molar Ratio
[Water]/[IPA] (molar ratio)
A parameter specifying proposed_new_term. paper_context: Ratio of water to isopropanol in ink solvent (stated as 1:1).
Water To Isopropanol Volume Ratio
A parameter specifying water to N propanol volume ratio used to characterize Catalyst Ink Preparation.
Water To N Propanol Volume Ratio
H2O/alcohol volume ratio
H2O/n-PA volume ratio
water:propanol ratio
A parameter specifying mass ratio of water to n-propanol in solvent mixture (paper reports weight ratio; ontology has volume-ratio variants).
Water To N Propanol Weight Ratio
water/propan-1-ol weight ratio
water/propan-1-ol weight ratio = 4.32
A property denoting water uptake indicator and determined in Water Vapor Adsorption Measurement, Literature Review Synthesis, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation.
water uptake
λ_HNN4
λ_HNN9
Water Uptake Indicator
A property denoting ratio of maximum adsorption volumes from water vapor vs N2 adsorption.
Water Uptake Ratio
water uptake (wt%)
Water vapor adsorption to estimate hydrophilicity and water uptake.
Water Vapor Adsorption Measurement
water vapor adsorption
A parameter specifying water vapor concentration ppm used to characterize Water Assisted Low Pressure CVD.
Water Vapor Concentration Ppm
water vapour concentration
A parameter specifying water vapor volumetric flow rate used to characterize Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis.
Water Vapor Volumetric Flow Rate
water vapor (0–35 cm3/min)
water vapor flow
A parameter specifying wavelength used to characterize UV Visible Spectroscopy Measurement, Photoluminescence Spectroscopy Measurement, and External Quantum Efficiency Measurement.
Wavelength
A parameter specifying cutoff wavelength of optical filter used during visible-light irradiation.
Wavelength Cutoff
A parameter specifying web tension used to characterize Slot Die Coating.
Web Tension
A property denoting weight average molecular weight and determined in Gel Permeation Chromatography Measurement.
Weight Average Molecular Weight
A property denoting percent weight increase after colloidal silica immersion/impregnation.
Weight Increase After Impregnation
weight increase
weight increased by
Catalyst preparation step to load Ni and P precursors onto porous alumina carrier from aqueous solution.
Wet Co Impregnation
co-impregnation
A parameter specifying pre-wetting dip time in ethanol/water mixture prior to CV.
Wetting Dip Time
A parameter specifying volume ratio used for pre-wetting coated electrode prior to CV (~1:9 ethanol:water v/v).
Wetting Solvent To Water Volume Ratio
A parameter specifying deformation amplitude used for working-time evaluation.
Working Time Deformation
working time
A parameter specifying duration of working-time determination test.
Working Time Duration
A parameter specifying frequency used for working-time evaluation.
Working Time Frequency
A dataset containing XPS data generated by X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Measurement.
XPS Dataset
XPS elemental composition
XPS elemental composition tables
XPS spectra
Instrument for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
XPS Instrument
Dataset of XRD diffractograms versus sintering temperature.
XRD Pattern Dataset
XRD pattern
XRD patterns
A property denoting xRD peak full width at half maximum (degrees).
XRD Peak FWHM
FWHM
A property denoting xRD peak position expressed in 2θ angle (degrees).
XRD Peak Position 2 Theta
peak position (2θ)
A parameter specifying XRD step size used to characterize X Ray Diffraction Measurement.
XRD Step Size
step size
A parameter specifying xRD scan upper bound of 2θ range (degrees).
XRD Two Theta End
A parameter specifying xRD scan lower bound of 2θ range (degrees).
XRD Two Theta Start
A parameter specifying monochromatic X-ray beam energy used in diffraction/tomography.
X Ray Beam Energy
beam energy
Instrument for 3D imaging of catalyst layer pore structure.
X Ray CT Instrument
X-ray CT
X-ray computed tomography
3D imaging measurement to quantify pore structure, porosity, and tortuosity in catalyst layers.
X Ray Computed Tomography Imaging
X-ray tomography
X-ray computed tomography imaging used to quantify fiber orientation angles and internal defects.
X Ray Computed Tomography Measurement
x-ray computed tomography
XRD used to estimate Pt crystallite size (Scherrer) and theoretical surface area.
X Ray Diffraction Measurement
X-ray diffraction
XRD
XRD measurement
X-ray diffractometer used for XRD measurement (Philips PW1830 with Co X-ray source).
X Ray Diffractometer
Panalytical Empyrean diffractometer
Philips PW1830 diffractometer
X'Pert PRO diffractometer
An instrument corresponding to a X ray microscope and used in X Ray Computed Tomography Measurement.
X Ray Microscope
Zeiss 3D X-ray microscope
An instrument corresponding to a X ray photoelectron spectrometer and used in X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Measurement.
X Ray Photoelectron Spectrometer
Multilab 2000 spectrometer
XPS spectrometer
photoelectron spectrometer
Surface chemical analysis measurement used to quantify elemental composition and chemical speciation of inks/catalysts.
X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Measurement
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
A parameter specifying X ray wavelength used to characterize X Ray Diffraction Measurement.
X Ray Wavelength
A parameter specifying proposed_new_term. paper_context: Duration of a single XTM scan (1 h).
XTM Scan Time
scan time
An instrument corresponding to an XY moving stage and used in electrospray deposition, direct ink writing, and apparatus specification measurement.
XY Moving Stage
computer-controlled X–Y stage
custom-built XY stage
rastering stage
Visible-light irradiation source for photocatalytic tests (UV cutoff filter at 400 nm).
Xenon Lamp
A measurement process that uses xrite optical property measurement to determine Transparency, Delta S, and Color Difference Delta Eab using Xrite Spectrophotometer.
Xrite Optical Property Measurement
X-rite
Spectrophotometer used to measure optical properties (ΔE, etc.) of printed films (Section 2.4.1.5).
Xrite Spectrophotometer
EXACT–PANTONE X-rite spectrophotometer
A property denoting stress at which ink transitions from solid-like to liquid-like behavior (taken at G'/G" crossover).
Yield Stress
gel strength
shear yield stress
tau_y
A property denoting young’s modulus of membrane (undoped/doped).
Youngs Modulus
Metal–organic framework precursor (ZIF-67) used as template/precursor to generate NCNTFs support during pyrolysis.
ZIF 67
zeolitic imidazolate framework-67
A property denoting zero shear viscosity and determined in Rheology Measurement.
Zero Shear Viscosity
A property denoting zeta potential of colloidal particles in ink; indicator of dispersion stability.
Zeta Potential
electrokinetic potential
surface zeta potential
ζ-potential
Instrument used to measure zeta potential; not present as named Instrument in ontology.
Zeta Potential Analyzer
Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS90 (zeta potential)
Measurement of zeta potential to assess colloidal stability of catalyst inks.
Zeta Potential Measurement
electrophoretic mobility measurement
ζ-potential measurement
A parameter specifying rule-of-thumb absolute zeta potential thresholds for dispersion stability cited in the paper.
Zeta Potential Stability Threshold
mV stability threshold
mV threshold
Zirconia (ZrO2) spherical milling media added during ball milling to enhance dispersion (paper uses 3 mm spheres).
Zirconia Milling Balls
zirconia balls
ZrB2 ceramic powder used as UHTC phase in DIW inks; average particle size reported before/after milling.
Zirconium Diboride Powder
ZrB2 powder
zirconium diboride (ZrB2)
A parameter specifying zr B 2 volume percent used to characterize Ink Formulation Specification.
Zr B 2 Volume Percent
m PBI
Organic solvent (n-butyl acetate) used in catalyst ink; lower polarity than IPA.
n Butyl Acetate
NBA
butyl acetate
normal butyl acetate
A parameter specifying pH of the dispersion medium / ink; reported to vary with ionomer loading and adjusted using H2SO4.
p H
medium pH
pH 5.5
pH of suspension
An instrument corresponding to a pH meter and used in surface basicity measurement.
pH Meter
Specific hydrocarbon ionomer used in anode/cathode; titrated IEC 3.3±0.1 meq g−1 (paper). No exact term found in ontology.
s PPB
A parameter specifying normalization basis.
Core H2KG class for normalization reference concepts such as area, mass, or active surface area.
Normalization Basis
The basis with respect to which a quantitative result or property is normalized.